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THE  BLUE  BOOK  OF  MISSIONS 
1907 


THE 

Blue  Book  of  Missions 

FOR   1907 


EDITED  BY^- 

REV.  HENRY  OTIS  D WIGHT,  LL.D. 

for  the  Bureau  of  Missions 


FUNK  &  WAGNALLS  COMPANY 

New  York  and  London 

1907 


Copyright  1907 

By 

FUNK  &  WAGNALLS  COMPANY 

[Printed  in  the  United  States  of  America] 

Published,  February,  1907. 


PREFACE 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1905  was  a  tentative 
rather  than  a  complete  fulfilment  of  a  purpose.  Its  publi- 
cation brought  assurances  from  many  quarters  that  a  Year 
Book  of  Missions  can  satisfy  a  real  need  in  the  United 
States  and  will  be  welcomed  in  many  other  lands. 

The  issue  for  1907,  then,  has  been  prepared  on  the  same 
lines  as  the  previous  issue.  The  Mission  statistics  through- 
out, including  the  statistical  tables  at  the  end  of  the  book, 
have  been  brought  up  to  date.  The  directory  of  Missionary 
Societies  has  been  revised  by  the  officers  of  the  Societies 
concerned,  and  is  more  complete  as  well  as  more  accurate 
than  in  the  last  edtition.  Some  articles  found  of  little  value 
have  been  omitted  from  the  third  section  of  the  book;  the 
list  of  important  missionary  literature  has  been  rewritten, 
and  a  memorandum  of  Bible  versions  has  been  added.  A 
careful  survey  of  missionary  progress  in  the  world-wide 
field  has  been  inserted  at  the  end  of  the  first  section  for  the 
better  comprehension  of  the  meaning  of  the  changes  in  dif- 
ferent fields. 

The  notes  on  the  countries  in  which  lie  the  mission  fields 
are  limited  to  territory  that  is  beyond  the  bounds  of  Chris- 
tendom, and,  therefore,  less  known.  They  are  primarily 
intended  to  supply  in  small  compass  helps  to  reahzing  the 
remarkable  success  of  missions  among  different  races,  the 
steady  progress  of  the  kingdom,  and  the  extent  of  the 
regions  yet  remaining  to  be  possessed  by  our  Lord  Jesus 
Christ. 

We  have  to  admit  that  the  facts  about  principal  missdon- 
aiy  societies  are  compressed  in  so  tenuous  a  consistency  that 

5 


6  Preface 

they  suggest,  rather  than  narrate,  the  energy  and  Christian 
devotion  common  to  all  the  societies,  which  are,  in  fact,  we 
again  remark,  but  one  single  agency  for  teaching  righteous- 
ness and  truth.  So  small  a  book  cannot  touch  descriptively 
the  many  religious  and  benevolent  activities  which  stamp  the 
deeds  of  the  church  at  home  with  likeness  to  those  of  the 
Master;  yet  we  have  been  impelled  to  indicate  in  outline 
some  of  these  works,  classed  in  America  as  Home  Missions; 
without  remembrance  of  these  the  term  "Missions"  is  not 
half  defined. 

We  are  under  great  obligations  to  the  American  societies 
that  have  made  this  work  possible,  and  only  in  less  degree 
to  the  many  societies  in  other  lands,  from  Finland  to  South 
Africa  and  from  Great  Britain  to  New  Zealand,  which 
have  cordially  aided  it.  So  our  issue  for  1907  goes  forth 
desiring  above  all  else  to  aid  its  readers  to  realize  the  gi-an- 
deur  of  the  plan  to  which  they  conform  when  they  support 
any  of  these  faithful  efforts  to  continue  the  enterprise 
founded  by  Jesus  Christ. 


TABLE    OF    CONTENTS 


PART  I 


The  Fields:  page 

Introductory   Note    11 

Africa 13 

America    37 

Asia  ... 45 

Malaysia   64 

Oceania  69 

Largest  Cities 73 

Progress  in  the  Mission  Field 80 

Religious  Statistics  91 


PART  II 

The  Societies: 

America 101 

Great  Britain  and  Ireland 122 

British  Colonies 139 

Continent  of  Europe   149 

Woman's  Work  for  Woman 161 

Christian  Literature  177 

Bible    Societies    177 

General  Literature    180 

Various  Special  Organizations 183 


8  Contents 

PAGE 

Conferences  of  Foreign  Missionary  Societies  ....  186 
Women's   Committees  for  United   Study   of  Mis- 
sions      187 

Bureau  of  Missions    188 

Statistics   of   Protestant   Foreign   Missionary   So- 
cieties      189 

PART  III 

Miscellaneous  Notes: 

Abbreviations  for  Names  of  Missionary  Societies.  201 

Chronological  Table    206 

Missionary  Conferences  in  Germany 213 

Recent  books  for  Missionary  Libraries    215 

Missionaries  and  Governments  218 

Training  Schools  for  Missionaries 223 

Roman  Catholic  Societies  and  Orders 224 

Versions  of  Bible    230 

United  States  Postage  Rates  to  Foreign  Countries  231 

Cable   and   Telegraph   Rates    232 

Foreign  Coins  and  U.  S.  Values 233 

Metric  Weights   and  Measures    235 

Greek  Church  Calendar  236 

Jewish  Calendar   237 

Mohammedan  Calendar   237 

Orthography  of  Geographical  Names    238 

Protestant  Mission  to  the  Jews 239 

Izidex.,,, ,,.,.,,.,.,, ........  240 


PART  I 
THE  FIELDS 


"By  myself  have  I  sworn,  the  word  is  gone  forth  from 
my  mouth  in  righteousness  and  shall  not  return,  that  unto 
me  every  knee  shall  bow,  every  tongue  shall  swear." — Isaiah 
45:23. 

"There  is  never  a  year  in  which  it  cannot  be  said  that  the 
work  is  progressing.  Sometime  the  progress  is  more  marked 
in  one  field  than  in  another;  there  are  seasons  of  exceptional 
drought  and  there  are  times  of  marked  blessing;  but  year 
after  year  the  area  of  the  Divine  tillage  is  increased  and 
some  waste  places  are  reclaimed;  year  after  year  the  evi- 
dence steadily  grows  that  our  labor  is  not  in  vain  in  the 
Lord,  and  that  the  number  of  those  who  are  being  saved  is 
multiplied  by  the  power  of  the  Holy  Spirit." — London  Mis- 
sionary Society  Report,  1904. 

"My  brother,  you  can  be  at  the  front  by  making  yourself 

master  of  the  missionary  situation and  informing  your 

people — not  begging  them  to  take  the  missionary  magazine, 
but  being  the  missionary  magazine  yourself." 

R.  F.  Horton. 


10 


INTRODUCTORY  NOTE 

Perhaps  the  most  significant  fact  in  the  Foreign  Mission 
enterprise  to-day  is  the  service  rendered  incidentally  to  it 
by  Governments  seeking  to  extend  the  sphere  of  their  com- 
merce. Throughout  the  world  artificial  barriers  have  been 
broken  down;  the  gi'ip  of  pagan  or  Mohammedan  abso- 
lutism has  been  loosed  from  the  people;  the  sword  has  been 
torn  from  the  nerveless  grasp  of  Rajah  and  Sultan;  Chris- 
tian rulers  directly  or  indirectly  control  the  destiny  of  every 
non-Christian  nation  excepting  semi- Christianized  Japan; 
facilities  of  communication  are  steadily  increased,  and  the 
whole  powder  of  the  Christian  Powei-s  is  exerted,  if  need  be, 
to  open  and  keep  open  doors  of  friendly  intercourse.  When 
the  old  prophet  said  to  Zion,  "Kings  shall  be  thy  nursing 
fathers  and  their  queens  thy  nursing  mothers,"  no  dream 
more  impossible  of  fulfilment  could  have  been  devised.  But 
with  God  all  things  are  possible,  and  today  we  see  the 
dream  realized. 

This  opening  of  doors  on  a  vast  scale  introduce  a  new 
question  into  missions.  We  no  longer  sit  down  with  paper 
and  pencil  and  the  census  reports,  and  say,  "In  that  land 
are  twenty  million  inhabitants  and  but  fifty  missionaries, 
therefore,  missionaries  must  be  sent  there."  Instead,  we 
ask,  "Where  ought  missionaries  to  go  in  order  to  advance 
the  whole  great  campaign  which  the  God  of  Hosts  is  evi- 
dently directing?"  The  more  clear  the  evidence  of  Divine 
ordering  of  results,  the  more  solemn  the  duty  of  studying 
the  one  great  field  of  operations  to  know  its  strategic  points. 

A  purpose  to  study  the  great  defensive  strongholds  of  the 
non-Christian  religions  in  order  to  discover  where  their  re- 
duction may  be  furthered  by  concentration  of  missionary  ef- 
fort,  does  not  belittle  the  importance  of   any  missionary 

11 


12  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

effort  elsewhere.  Outposts  serve  as  effectual  centers  in 
their  sphere.  There  are  Christian  churches  in  the  province 
of  Canton  in  China,  of  which  tihe  roots  spring  from  city 
missions  in  San  Francisco,  Honolulu,  and  Singapore.  The 
purpose  does  imply,  however,  an  attitude  of  mind  toward 
God's  world-field  of  missions  such  as  one  would  hold  if  the 
points  to  be  reinforced  or  freshly  occupied  could  be  chosen 
by  consensus  of  all  the  many  bodies  engaged  in  foreign 
missions.  Absolute  unity  of  interest  must  control  all  who 
are  laborers  together  with  Grod. 


1.     AFRICA 

Abyssinia:  An  independent  Christian  kingdom  of  East- 
ern Africa.  Area,  about  150,000  square  miles.  Population, 
about  3,510,000.  Religions:  Christians  (Coptic  Church, 
3,093,000;  Roman  Church,  7,000),  3,100,000;  Jews,  60,000; 
Mohammedans,  50,000 ;  Animist  fetish  worshippers,  300,000. 
Roman  Catholic  Missions  are  under  control  of  the  order  of 
the  Lazarists  of  Paris.  They  report  12  European  and  18 
native  priests,  with  6  schools.  There  have  been  for  many 
years  no  Protestant  Missions  in  Abyssinia  owing  to  the  re- 
fusal of  the  Government  to  permit  their  residence.  The 
Swedish  National  Missionary  Society  has  a  mission  on  the 
Abyssinian  border,  reported  below  under  Eritrea,  and  which 
has  native  evangeUsts  among  the  Gallas. 

Algeria:  A  French  possession  in  Africa.  Area,  184,474 
square  miles.  Population,  4,739,500.  Religion:  This  is  a 
Mohammedan  country,  and  the  French  policy  is  to  limit 
Christian  missionary  activity  among  Mohammedans  by 
rather  strict  police  reg-ulations.  There  is,  however,  a  very 
considerable  foreign  Christian  population  in  Algeria.  There 
are  about  4,100,000  Mohammedans;  57,000  Jews,  and 
583,000  Christians  (Roman  Catholics,  527,000;  Eastern 
Churches,  25,000;  Protestants,  31,000).  The  Roman  Cath- 
olics are  under  the  Archbishopric  of  Algiei-s  and  report  385 
priests  with  132  stations  and  out-stations.  The  Protestant 
congregaitions  number  21,  besides  the  North  Africa  Mission, 
the  French  Society  for  Evangelization  of  the  Jews,  the 
Swedish  Missionary  Society,  Miss  Trotter's  Mission  School 
enterprise,  and  the  PB.  These  missions  have  6  stations  and 
32  missionaries,  men  and  women. 

Angola:  A  possession  and  colony  of  Portugal  in  West 
Africa.  Area.,  484,800  square  miles.  Population,  4,119,000. 
Religions:  Christian  (Roman  Catholic,  815,000;  Protes- 
tant, 4,500),   819,500;   Animist   fetish  worship,   3,290,000^ 

13 


14  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

The  Protestant  Societies  are  the  ABCFM,  the  BMS,  the 
ABMU,  the  ME,  and  the  PB.  The  Swiss  Philafrican  Mis- 
sion is  beginning  an  industrial  enterprise.  These  societies 
have  46  staitions  and  out-stations;  50  schools  of  all  grades; 
4,235  scholaiis  under  instruction;  6  hospitals  and  dispen- 
saries; 2  publishing  houses;  1,071  communicants,  and  8,000 
reputed  Protestant  Christians.  The  Roman  Catholic  estab- 
lishments in  Angola  (the  diocese  of  St.  Paul  de  Loan  da) 
are  ecclesiastically  connected  with  the  Province  of  Ulysippo 
(Lisbon).  There  are  36  priests  in  charge,  two  of  whom  are 
natives.  They  conduct  22  schools  and  have  8  special  chari- 
ties (orphanages,  etc.) 

British  Central  Africa:  A  British  protectorate  estab- 
lished on  the  western  shores  of  Lake  Nyasa  and  in  the  Shire 
country  to  the  south  of  that  lake.  Its  area  is  42,217  square 
miles  and  its  population  (1901)  is  about  909,000,  of  whom 
about  450  are  Europeans  and  250  are  East  Indians  in  Gov- 
ernment service.  The  religions  found  here  are  Animist  fet- 
ish worshippers,  598,000;  Mohammedans,  300,000;  Chris- 
tians (Roman  Catholics,  1,000;  Protestants,  10,000),  11,000. 
The  Roman  Catholics  report  10  missionary  priests,  with  2 
schools.  The  Protestant  Missionary  forces  are  represented 
by  the  Universities  Mission  among  the  Yao  tribes,  east  of 
the  Shire  River,  south  of  Lake  Nyasa,  and  on  the  Likoma 
Island  and  at  various  points  on  the  east  shore  of  the  lake; 
the  United  Free  Church  of  Scotland  on  the  west  shore  of 
the  lake;  the  South  Africa  Dutch  Reformed  Ministers' 
Union,  in  the  Angoni  hills,  west  of  the  lake;  the  Church  of 
Scotland  at  Blantyre  in  the  Shire  region,  south  of  the 
lake,  and  the  Zambesi  Industrial  Mission,  west  and  north- 
west of  Blantyre.  All  together,  these  societies  report  376 
stations  and  out-stations;  ISO  missionaries;  977  native 
workers :  759  schools,  with  52,504  scholars ;  19  hospitals  and 
dispensaries ;  2  printing  houses,  and  17,046  professed  Chris- 
tians, of  whom  about  8,000  are  communicants. 

British  East  Africa  Protectorate:  Area,  350,000  square 
miles.  Estimated  population,  4,000,000,  of  whom  25,000 
are    Asiatics    and    about    500    Europeans.     The    islands 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  15 

of  Zanzibar  and  Pemba,  ruled  by  their  native  Sultans  under 
the  same  British  Commissioner,  have  an  area  of  1,020 
square  miles  and  a  population  of  about  200,000,  of  whom 
10,000  are  Asiatics  and  500  Europeans.  The  religions 
found  in  East  Africa  and  Zanzibar  are:  Mohammedans 
(the  number  in  each  case  is  an  estimate),  800,000;  Animist 
fetish  worshippei^,  3,161,000;  Hindus,  20,000;  Buddhists 
and  Confucianists,  5,000;  Jews,  1,500;  Christians  (Oriental 
Church,  500;  Roman  Catholics,  3,500;  Protestants,  9,000), 
13,000.  The  Roman  Catholic  missions  report  6  stations, 
with  5  schools.  There  are  38  missionaries,  mostly  belong- 
ing to  the  Congregations  of  the  Holy  Ghost  and  of  the 
Sacred  Heart  of  Mary.  The  Protestant  missionary  societies 
working  in  this  region  are:  The  Church  Missionary  So- 
ciety, the  Church  of  Scotland,  the  United  Methodist  Free 
Churches  (British),  the  Neukirchen  Mission  Institute  (Ger- 
man), the  Africa  Inland  Mission,  the  Scandinavian  Alliance 
of  America,  the  American  Friends  (Industrial  Mission), 
and  (Zanzibar)  the  Universities  Mission  to  East  Africa.  All 
together,  these  societies  report  160  missionaries;  205  native 
workers;  89  stations  and  out -stations ;  255  schools;  4,019 
scholars;  3  hospitals  or  dispensaries;  1  printing  house,  and 
9,072  professed  Christians,  of  whom  2,806  are  communi- 
cants. 

Points  especially  noteworthy  in  mission  work  in  this  re- 
gion are:  1.  The  spread  of  a  bastard,  ignorant  Moham- 
medanism through  a  large  part  of  the  temtory,  threaten- 
ing to  pre-empt  the  region  before  Christian  missionaries  in 
sufficient  numbers  arrive.  2.  The  influx  of  European  set- 
tlers; and  3.  The  encouragement  found  by  the  German  Neu- 
kirchen Mission,  as  well  as  the  Free  Methodists  to  work 
among  the  Gallas. 

British  Somaliland:  A  protectorate  of  Great  Britain 
in  Eastern  Africa.  Area,  about  68,000  square  miles.  Popu- 
lation estimated  at  about  500,000.  Religion:  Mohammedan. 
There  are  no  missions  in  British  Somaliland,  <as  the  fierce 
inhabitants  do  not  permit  a  Christian  to  live,  if  they  have 
strength  to  compass  his  destruction. 


16  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Congo  Independent  State:  A  vast  region  in  West 
Central  Africa  closely  allied  to  Belgium  and  ruled  by  the 
Kong  of  the  Belgians.  Area  (estimated),  900,000  square 
miles.  Population  (estimated),  30,000,000,  of  whom  (1902) 
2,346  are  European  or  American.  Religions:  Animist 
fetish  worshippers,  29,370,000;  Mohammedans,  600,000; 
Christians,  32,000  (Roman  Catholics,  17,000;  Protestants, 
15,000).  The  Roman  Catholic  missions  are  carried  on  by 
the  Algiers  Missionary  Society,  the  Belgian  Foreign  Mis- 
sions Work,  and  the  order  of  the  Sacred  Heart  of  Jesus. 
These  have  99  missionaries,  with  48  schools.  Other  statis- 
tics are  not  given.  The  Protestant  missions  are  the  ABMU, 
PS,  the  BMS,  RBMU,  PB,  FCMS,  CA,  and  the  Swedish 
Society  (Forbundets).  Together,  these  societies  report  656 
stations  and  out-stations  in  the  Congo  State;  190  mission- 
aries ;  1542  native  workers ;  548  schools ;  16,600  scholars,  and 
25,697  professed  Christians,  of  whom  15,000  are  communi- 
cants. 

A  matter  of  great  importance  to  the  missions  is  the  atro- 
cious conduct  of  agents  of  the  Belgian  Commercial  com- 
panies in  oppressing  and  maltreating  natives.  The  impres- 
sion has  gone  abroad  among  the  people  that  the  Christian 
government  is  on  the  whole  worse  than  that  of  the  Arab 
slave  raiders.  Missionaries  have  protested  against  the  out- 
rages; and  one  result  h.as  been  what  is  to  be  expected  from 
small  and  small-minded  officials — attempts  first  to  prevent 
natives  from  visiting  the  missionaries,  and  next  to  silence 
the  missionaries  by  arbitrary  use  of  power.  There  is  some 
talk  of  expelling  Protestant  missionaries  from  the  country. 
Meanwhile  the  infamies  to  which  the  natives  have  been 
subjected  have  been  followed  by  reprisals. 

Dahomey:  A  French  possession  on  the  West  Coast  of 
Africa.  Area,  60,000  square  miles.  Population,  about  1,006,- 
000.  Of  these  nearly  700,000  are  Animist  fetish  worship- 
pers, 295,000  Mohammedans,  and  about  6,000  Christians 
(Roman  Catholics,  5,000;  Protestant,  1,000).  There  are  22 
Roman  Catholic  missionaries  conned;ed  with  the  Lyons  Mis- 
sionary Society,  with  15  schools  and  8  benevolent  establish- 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  17 

ments.  The  Wesleyan  Methodist  Missionary  Society,  with  a 
station  at  Porto  Novo  on  the  coast,  is  the  only  Protestant 
Mission.  It  has  2  missionaries,  45  native  workers,  24  sta- 
tions and  out-stations,  10  schools,  712  scholars,  and  1,400 
professed  Christians,  of  whom  539  are  communicants.  The 
missionaries  of  the  Wesleyans  in  Dahomey  are  of  French 
nationality,  and,  therefore,  are  less  obnoxious  to  the  authori- 
ties than  Englishmen  would  be. 

Egypt:  A  tributary  province  of  Turkey,  ruled  by  a 
hereditary  prince  or  Khedive  under  advisory  control  of 
England.  Area  (exclusive  of  the  Sudan),  400,000  square 
miles.  Population,  (1897),  9,734,000.  Religions:  Moham- 
medans, 8,979,000;  Jews,  25,000;  Christians,  731,000 
(Roman  Catholics,  56,000;  Oriental  Churches,  648,000; 
Protestants,  27,000).  The  Roman  Catholic  missionaries  are 
from  the  Lyons  Society  for  African  Missions  and  the 
Minor  Franciscans  of  Rome.  They  number  94  foreign  and 
11  native  priests,  with  84  schools  and  20  orphanages  and 
other  charities.  The  Protestant  societies  working  in  Egypt 
are  the  United  Presbyterian  (US),  the  Church  Missionary 
Society,  the  North  Africa  Mission,  the  Egypt  General  Mis- 
sion, the  Peniel  Missionary  Society,  the  Church  of  Scotland 
Jews  Committee,  the  London  Jews  Society,  the  International 
Medioal  and  Benevolent  Association  (SDA),  the  Sudan* 
Pioneer  Mission  (German),  and  the  Kaiserwerth  Deacon- 
esses. Together,  these  societies  report  166  stations  and  out- 
stations,  70  missionaries,  682  native  workers,  197  schools, 
17,284  scholars,  16  hospitals  or  dispensaries,  1  publishing 
house,  and  32,600  professed  Evangelical  Christians,  of  whom 
10,000  are  communicants. 

A  peculiarity  of  the  missionary  situation  in  Egypt  is  the 
opportunity  there  offered  for  making  known  to  Moham- 
medans the  real  quality  of  the  teachings  of  Jesus  Christ.  It 
is  an  opportunity  which  calls  for  wise  and  persistent  ac- 
tivity. A  plan  is  being  pressed  steadily  for  establishing  a 
printing  establishment  at  Alexandria,  which  will  publish 
books  and  periodicals  in  Arabic,  using  the  best  talent  in  the 
various  missions  in  the  editorial  department. 


18  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Eritrea:  An  Italian  colony  in  East  Africa,  bordering 
on  the  Red  Sea.  Area,  about  88,500  square  miles.  Popula- 
tion, about  450,000,  of  whom  (1899)  2,000  are  Europeans. 
Religions :  Mohammedans,  100,000 ;  Animist  fetish  worship- 
pers, 320,000;  Christians,  30,000  (Roman  CathoUcs,  17,000; 
Eastern  Churches,  12,000;  Protestants,  1,000);  Jews,  500. 
The  Roman  Catholic  missionaries  are  Franciscans  (Minor 
Capuchins),  and  they  have  53  priests  and  4  schools,  be- 
sides other  charities.  The  Protestant  missionaries  are  those 
of  the  Swedish  National  Society.  They  have  on  the  borders 
of  Abyssinia  10  stations  and  out-stations;  34  missionaries, 
men  and  women;  32  native  workers;  15  schools,  356  schol- 
ars; a  hospital  and  dispensary;  a  printing  house,  and  566 
professed  Evangelical  Christians,  of  whom  252  are  com- 
municants. 

French  Congo:  A  French  possession  in  Western 
Africa,  extending  from  the  Atlantic  Ocean  inland  along  the 
right  bank  of  the  Congo  River.  Area,  about  450,000  square 
miles.  Population  estimated  at  about  10,000,000,  but  such 
estimates  are  little  more  than  guesses,  since  the  interior  is 
still  little  known.  Religions  (any  numbers  given  -are  of  the 
same  quality  as  those  relating  to  population)  :  Animist  fet- 
ish worshippers  are  said  to  number  about  6,000,000;  Mo- 
hammedans, 3,500,000,  and  Christians  (Roman  Catholics, 
5,000;  Protestants,  1,000),  6,000.  The  Roman  Catholic  mis- 
sions are  connected  with  the  Algerian  Society,  and  have  46 
missionaries  and  26  schools.  Protestant  missions  are  con- 
ducted by  the  Presbyterian  Board  (N)  and  the  Paris  Evan- 
gelical Society.  Together,  these  societies  have  35  mission- 
aries, 28  native  workers,  13  stations  and  out-stations,  8 
schools,  328  scholars,  and  1,200  professed  Christians,  of 
whom  700  are  communicants. 

French  Guinea:  A  possession  of  France  in  West  Africa 
Area,  95,000  square  miles.  Population,  2,200,000.  Relig- 
ions: There  are  estimated  to  be  in  this  territory  about 
1,000,000  Mohammedans,  1,200,000  AnimLst  fetish  wor- 
shippers, 1,000  Roman  Catholic,  and  500  Protestant  Chris- 
tians.    The  Protestant  missionary  enterprise  is  carried  on 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  19 

by  the  Pongas  Mission,  a  West  Indian  mission  undertaken 
in  order  to  make  amends  to  Africa  "for  the  wrongs  inflicted 
upon  it  by  England  and  her  colonies."  The  SPG  subsidizes 
and  otherwise  aids  the  mission.  The  missionaries  from  the 
West  Indies  are  colored  men  specially  trained  for  this 
work.  They  occupy  8  stations.  The  Roman  Catholic  mis- 
sion is  conducted  by  8  missionaries  of  the  order  of  the  Holy 
Ghost  and  the  Sacred  Heart  of  Mary.     They  have  8  schools. 

French  Somaliland:  A  French  protectorate  (with  a 
colony  at  Oboek)  on  the  Eastern  coast  of  Africa.  Area, 
about  46,000  square  miles.  Population,  about  198,000.  Re- 
ligions: Mohammedans,  150,000;  Animist  fetish  worship- 
pei-s,  40,000;  Christians,  8,000  (Roman  Catholics,  7,000; 
Eastern  Churches,  1,000).  No  missions  are  reported  in  this 
region,  and  those  reported  as  Christians  are  chiefly  found 
in  the  colony  of  Obock. 

Gambia:  A  British  colony  and  protectorate  in  Western 
Africa,  lying  on  both  sides  of  the  Gambia  River.  Area,  in- 
cluding both  colony  and  protectorate,  4,569  square  miles. 
Population,  91,000.  Religions :  Animist  fetish  worshippers, 
50,000;  Mohammedans,  35,000;  Christians,  5,600  (Protes- 
tants, 1,800;  Roman  Catholics,  3,800).  The  Protestant  mis- 
sionary working  here  is  the  Wesleyan  Methodist  Missionary 
Society,  with  9  stations  and  out-stations;  2  missionaries;  39 
native  workers;  4  schools;  448  scholars,  and  1,500  professed 
Christians,  of  whom  870  are  communicants. 

German  East  Africa:  A  German  colony  extending 
from  the  coast  of  the  Indian  Ocean  to  Lakes  Tanganyika 
and  Nyasa.  Area,  384,000  square  miles.  Population, 
8,000,000,  of  whom  1,500  are  Europeans  and  15,000  Asiatics. 
The  religions  found  in  the  colony  are:  Animist  fetish  wor- 
shippers, 7,673,000;  Mohammedans,  300,000;  Hindus, 
8,000;  Buddhists  and  Confucianists,  2.000;  Christians, 
17,000  (Roman  Catholics,  5,000;  Protestants,  12,000).  The 
Roman  Catholics  report  43  missionaries  at  4  stations,  with 
44  schools  and  6  hospitals,  3,432  converts.  The  Protestant 
missions  are  carried  on  by  the  German  East  Africa  Society, 
the  Berlin,  the  Leipzig,  and  the  Moravian  Missions,  the 


20  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Church  Missionary  Society,  and  the  Univei'sities  Mission. 
Together,  they  have  109  stations;  227  missionaries;  356  na- 
tive workers;  310  schools;  13,372  pupils;  3  hosjoitals  or  dis- 
pensaries, and  12,199  professed  Christians,  of  whom  3,436 
are  communicants. 

The  German  missions  at  the  north  end  of  Lake  Nyasa  are 
steadily  progressing.  The  Universities  Mission  has  taken 
an  advance  step  in  sending  unmarried  women  missionaries 
to  its  station  in  the  Kovuma  River  district,  in  order  to  try 
to  gain  a  hearing  among  native  women. 

German  South  West  Africa:  A  German  possession  and 
colony  with  an  area  of  322,450  square  miles.  Population 
(estimated),  205,000,  of  whom  about  5,000  are  Europeans. 
The  native  population  consists  of  several  different  tribes. 
The  boundaiy  between  Bantus  and  Hottentots  passes 
through  this  territory.  The  Hereros  and  Ovambos  of  the 
North  are  Bantus,  and  the  Namaquas  of  the  South  are  of 
Hottentot  stock.  The  "Bastards"  are  an  uncla.ssed  mixture 
of  Dutch,  Bushman,  Hottentot,  and  Malay  blood,  found  also 
in  the  South.  The  religions  of  the  country  are:  Animist  fet- 
ish worshippers,  170,000;  Christians,  30,000  (Roman  Cath- 
olic, 12,000;  Protestants,  18,000).  The  Roman  Catholic 
missions  form  the  ecclesiastical  prefecture  of  Cimbebasia. 
They  report  47  priests,  and  30  schools,  with  10,650  adher- 
ents. The  Protestant  missions  are  conducted  by  the  Rhen- 
ish and  the  Finnish  Missionary  Societies.  Together,  these 
societies  have  58  stations  and  out-stations,  with  72  mission- 
aries, 78  schools,  4,304  scholars,  and  12,772  professed  Chris- 
tians, of  whom  4,000  are  communicants. 

The  Rhenish  mission  stations  in  the  central  part  of  the 
colony  have  been  broken  up  through  an  outbreak  of  the 
Herero  tribes  against  the  German  colonists,  springing  from 
seizures  of  land  by  the  latter,  and  also,  it  is  alleged,  from 
the  intrigues  of  emissaries  of  the  "Ethiopian  movement." 
The  Mission  is  slowly  recovering  from  the  effects  of  this 
outbreak,  but  the  number  of  Christians  is  diminished. 

Gold  Coast  Colony:  A  British  colony  in  West  Africa. 
Area    (including  Ashantiland)    about  71,300  square  miles. 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  21 

Population  (1901),  1,486,000,  of  whom  650  are  Eui'opeans. 
Religions:  Animist  fetish  worshippers,  1,412,000;  Moham- 
medans, 32,000;  Christians,  41,000  (Protestants,  35,000; 
Roman  Catholics,  6,000).  The  Roman  Catholic  missions  are 
connected  with  the  Lyons  Society  for  African  Missions,  and 
report  16  missionaries  with  13  schools  and  9  charities.  There 
appear  to  be  8  stations  and  out-stations.  The  Protestant  so- 
cieties are  the  Basel  Society,  the  Wesleyan  Methodist  So- 
ciety, the  NBC  (U.  S.)  and  the  SPG.  Together,  these  re- 
port 895  places  where  regular  worship  is  held;  95  mis- 
sionaries, men  and  women;  1,159  native  workers;  260 
schools;  13,153  scholars;  1  dispensary,  and  34,935  pro- 
fessed Christians,  of  whom  18,565  are  communicants. 

In  this  colony  there  is  steady  progress  in  turning  from 
idolatiy,  but  Mohammedanism  is  making  progress,  gathering 
in  those  of  the  people  who  abandon  idolatry,  but  are  not 
ready  to  give  up  polygamy. 

Italian  Somaliland:  An  Italian  protectorate  and  sphere 
of  influence  in  East  Africa,  lying  north  and  east  of 
British  East  Africa.  Area,  about  100,000  square  miles. 
Population,  about  400,000.  Religions:  Mohammedans, 
350,000;  Animist  fetish  worshippers,  'about  50,000.  There 
are  no  records  of  missions  in  this  territory. 

Ivory  Coast:  A  French  colony  and  possession  in  West- 
ern Africa.  Area,  about  116,000  square  miles.  Population, 
about  2,000,000.  Religions:  Animist  fetish  worshippers, 
1,800,000;  Mohammedans,  200,000;  Christians  (Roman 
Catholics),  1,000.  There  are  no  Protestant  missions  in  this 
territoiy.  The  Roman  Catholics  report  16  priests,  7  schools, 
and  4  orphanages  or  other  charities. 

Kamerun:  A  German  colony  and  possession  in  West 
Africa,  adjoining  Nigeria  and  extending  from  the  French 
Congo  to  Lake  Chad.  Area  (estimated),  191,000  square 
miles.  Population  (estimated),  3,500,000.  Religion:  Ani- 
mist fetish  worshippers,  2,900,000;  Mohammedans,  500,000; 
Christians,  16,500  (Roman  Catholics,  2,500;  Protestants, 
13,000),  The  Roman  Catholic  missionaries  are  from  the 
Pious    (Pallotin)    Society  of  Rome.     The  Protestant  mis- 


22  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

sions  are  those  of  the  Basel  Society,  the  German  Baptists 
of  Berlin,  and  the  American  Presbyterians  (North).  To- 
gether, these  societies  report  300  places  occupied  as  stations 
or  out-stations;  IIS  missionaries,  men  and  women;  302  na- 
tive workei-s;  279  schools;  10,090  scholars;  7  hospitals  or 
dispensaries,  and  13,152  professed  Christians,  of  whom  6,- 
773  are  communicants. 

The  liquor  traffic  is  a  serious  obstacle  to  progress  in  this 
field.  But  little  by  little  the  people  are  learning  that  to  be 
a  Christian  means  much  more  than  to  make  professions. 
There  is  a  steady  increase  in  the  number  of  those  who  lead 
lives  marked  by  moral  principle. 

Lagos:  A  British  colony  and  protectorate  in  West  Africa, 
since  May,  1906,  included  in  South  Nigeria.  Area  (includ- 
ing the  protectorate  of  Yoinibaland),  28,910  square  miles. 
Population  (estimated  1901),  1,500,000,  of  whom  308  are 
Europeans.  Religions:  Animist  fetish  worshippers,  1,380,- 
000;  Mohammedans,  70,000;  Christians,  47,000  (Roman 
Catholics  15,000,  Protestants  32,000).  The  Roman 
Catholic  missions  belong  to  the  Lyons  Institute  for  African 
Missions.  They  report  27  priests,  24  schools,  and  16  or- 
phanages or  other  charitable  works.  The  Protestant  mis- 
sionaiy  societies  are  the  Church  Missionary  Society,  the 
Wesleyan  Methodist  Missionary  Society,  the  Southern  Bap- 
tist Convention  (U.  S.),  and  the  National  Baptist  Conven- 
tion (U.  S.).  These  societies  together  report  189  stations 
and  out-stations;  55  missionaries;  317  native  workers;  110 
schools;  6,394  scholars;  3  hospitals  and  dispensaries,  and 
32,091  professed  Christians,  of  whom  10,026  are  communi- 
cants. 

The  paramount  Chief  of  Abeokuta  in  the  Lagos  Protec- 
torate \Tsited  Great  Britain  in  1904  and  expressed  in  suit- 
able terms  to  the  CMS  and  the  Bible  Society  his  recogni- 
tion of  the  benefit  carried  to  his  nation  Avhen  missionaries 
took  them  the  Bible. 

Liberia:  An  independent  republic  on  the  West  coast  of 
Africa  originating  in  the  colonization  of  freed  slaves,  chief- 
ly from  America.     Area,  about  35,000    square    miles,     of 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  23 

which  but  a  narrow  strip  is  effectively  administered  by  the 
government,  the  interior  being  largely  in  the  hands  of  sav- 
age tribes.  Population,  about  2,060,000,  of  whom  60,000 
are  of  American  origin.  Religion:  Christians  (Protestants), 
65,000;  Animist  fetish  worshippers,  1,995,000.  Missionary 
operations  are  carried  on  by  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Do- 
mestic and  Foreign  Missionary  Society,  the  Methodist  Epis- 
copal Missionary  Society,  the  Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of 
the  General  Synod  of  the  Evangelical  Lutheran  Church  of 
the  U.  S.  of  America,  and  the  African  Methodist  Episcopal 
Church  of  the  U.  S.  These  societies  together  report  168 
stations;  93  missionaries;  182  native  workers;  73  schools; 
4,506  pupils;  2  dispensaries;  1  printing  enterprise,  and 
14,900  professed  Christians  of  whom  7,252  are  conmiuni- 
cants.  The  Lutheran  Mission  is  attempting  to  open  a  series 
of  stations  among  the  tribes  of  the  inland  districts. 

Madagascar:  The  third  larges,t  island  in  the  world.  It  is 
classed  as  an  African  island,  although  Malay  blood  pre- 
ponderates in  the  population.  It  is  a  colonial  possession 
of  France.  Area  (with  its  adjacent  islands,  including  the 
Comoro  Is.),  about  227,750  square  miles.  Population 
(1901),  2,305,000.  Religions:  There  are  estimated  to  be 
in  the  island  and  dependencies:  1,975,000  Animists;  6,000 
Mohammedans;  2,000  Hindus,  and  517,000  Christians  (Ro- 
man Catholics,  79,000;  Protestants,  438,000).  The  Roman 
Catholic  missionaries  are  reported  to  number  51,  with  348 
stations  and  out-stations.  The  Protestant  missionaries  are 
connected  with  the  LMS,  the  Paris  Society,  the  Friends 
(English),  the  Norwegian  Missionary  Society,  and  the  SPG. 
These  societies  together  have  in  Madagascar  1,852  stations 
and  out-stations;  227  missionaries,  5,816  native  workers; 
1,951  schools;  92,126  scholars,  and  355,717  professed  Chris- 
tians. A  terrible  epidemic  of  malarial  fever  destroyed 
many  lives  in  Madagascar  in  1903. 

A  matter  seriously  effecting  the  mission  schools  is  the 
new  education  law,  which  suppresses,  after  January  1,  1905, 
Government  aid  to  private  schools,  and  forbids  the  attend- 
ance of  children  over  13  years  of  age  at  private  schools  un- 


24  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

less  for  special  industrial  or  normal  training.  The  effect  of 
enforcing  this  law  is  to  reduce  numbers.  In  the  Betsileo 
districts  French  rule  seems  to  pamlyze  the  progress  of  the 
people. 

Mauritius:  An  island  and  British  colony  lying  east  of 
Madagascar  and  commonly  reckoned  among  the  islands  de- 
pendent upon  Africa.  Area,  705  square  miles.  Population 
(1901),  370,000,  the  larger  part  of  whom  are  negi'oes.  Re- 
ligions: ffindus,  206,000;  Buddhists  and  Confucianists, 
3,000;  Mohammedans,  41,000;  Christians,  120,000  (Roman 
Catholics,  113,000;  Protestants,  7,000).  The  Roman  Cath- 
olic clergy  are  48  in  number  (6  Jesuits,  11  from  the  Con- 
gregation of  the  Holy  Spirit  and  Sacred  Heart  of  Mary, 
and  the  remainder  parish  priests).  Protestant  missions  are 
the  CMS  and  SPG,  with  2,641  baptized  Christians. 

Morocco:  An  independent  Mohanmaedan  empire  in 
North  Africa.  Area,  about  210,000  square  miles.  The 
southern  frontier,  however,  is  not  defined.  Population  (es- 
timated), about  5,500,000.  Several  authorities  insist  that 
2,750,000  is  more  nearly  correct.  Religions :  The  religion  of 
the  State  is  Mohammedanism,  with  about  5,000,000  adher- 
ents. Jews  number  150,000,  Chiistians,  9,000  (Roman 
Catholics,  5,000;  Eastern  Churches,  3,000;  Protestants, 
1,000),  and  about  300,000  are  pagan  Spirit  woi-shippers, 
though  generally  reckoned  as  Mohammedans.  The  Roman 
Catholics  report  36  priests  in  Morocco.  The  Protestant 
missionaries  belong  to  the  North  Africa  Mission  and  to  the 
Gospel  Missionary  Union  (U.  S.  A.).  The  NAM  reports  25 
missionaries,  of  whom  19  are  women ;  7  stations ;  6  hospitals 
or  dispensaries,  and  220  scholai-s  under  instruction.  There 
is  little  religious  liberty  in  Morocco,  and  while  missionaries 
are  constantly  encouraged  by  inquiry  as  to  the  doctrines  of 
Christianity,  they  have  baptized  but  few  Mohammedans. 

Nigeria:  A  British  protectorate  and  possession  in  West 
Africa  lying  on  both  sides  of  the  Niger  River  and  extending 
northward  and  eastward  to  Lake  Chad.  It  is  divided  for 
administrative  purposes  into  Northern  and  Southern  Ni- 
geria.   Area,  about  370,000  square  miles  (Northern  Nigeria, 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  25 

320,000;  Southern  Nigeria,  50,000).  Population,  about  25,- 
000,000.  Religions:  Mohammedans,  10,000,000;  Animist 
fetish  worshippers,  14,975,000;  Christians,  24,000;  (Roman 
Catholics,  18,000;  Protestants,  6,000).  The  Roman  Catholic 
missions  are  from  the  order  of  the  Holy  Ghost  and  Sacred 
Heart  of  Mary,  and  have  9  missionaries,  with  5  schools. 
The  Protestant  missionary  societies  are  the  CMS,  the  UFS, 
the  Qua  Iboe  Mission,  the  Sudan  United  Mission,  and  the 
Primitive  Methodists.  These  societies  report  102  stations 
and  out-stations;  109  missionaries,  men  and  women;  198 
schools,  with  4,817  scholars,  and  5,955  professed  Christians, 
of  whom  2,053  are  communicants. 

The  importance  of  this  region  as  a  point  from  which  to 
reach  the  many  tribes  formerly  subject  to  the  Sokoto  King- 
dom cannot  be  overestimated.  Since  the  British  forces  be- 
gan to  open  up  the  country,  it  has  been  found  that  there 
is  a  large  pagan  element  in  the  population.  The  CMS  is 
pressing  forward  in  Northern  Nigeria.  The  Lagos  terri- 
tory was  formally  added  to  South  Nigeria  in  May,  1906, 
too  late  to  combine  the  statistics  in  this  article. 

Portuguese  East  Africa:  A  possession  and  colony  of 
Portugal.  Area,  301,000  square  miles.  Population,  3,120,000. 
Religion:  Animist  fetish  worshippers,  3,000,000;  Moham- 
medians,  100,000;  Hindus,  3,000;  Christians  (Roman 
Catholics,  10,000;  Protestants,  7,000),  17,000.  The  Protes- 
tant missionary  forces  are  represented  by  the  Universities 
Mission  (Unangu),  the  SPG,  the  ME,  and  the  Free  Meth- 
odists of  America,  the  WMS,  and  the  Swiss  Romande  Mis- 
sion. These  societies  together  have  in  this  region  56  mis- 
sionaries, men  and  women ;  186  native  workers ;  150  stations 
and  out-stations;  76  schools,  with  1,759  pupils;  1  hospital; 
1  dispensary,  and  7,100  professed  Christians,  of  whom 
2,013  are  communicants.  The  ABCFM  has  newly  occupied 
a  station  at  the  seaport  of  Beira. 

The  Roman  Catholic  body  is  under  the  control  of  the 
ecclesiastical  district  of  Mozambique.  Twelve  priests  are 
reported,  of  whom  6  are  Jesuits. 

Characteristics  of  this  field  are:     (a)  the  control  of  the 


26  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

country  by  Portuguese  and  other  commercial  companies, 
which  do  not  interfere  with,  but  do  not  help  missions;  (b) 
the  temptations  to  drink  and  debauchery  issuing  from  the 
chief  trading  centers;  (c)  a  curious  reaction  toward  heathen 
customs,  which  is  becoming  a  test  of  genuineness  and  em- 
phasizing the  distinction  between  Christian  and  non-Chris- 
tian tribesmen. 

Portuguese  Guinea:  A  possession  and  colony  of  Portugal 
in  West  Africa.  Area,  including  adjacent  islands  and  the 
Cape  de  Verde  Islands,  6,280  square  miles.  Population, 
1,009,000.  Religions:  Animist  fetish  worshippers,  579,000; 
Mohammedans,  170,000;  Christians  (Roman  Catholics), 
260,000.  No  Protestant  missions  have  entered  Portuguese 
Guinea.  The  Roman  Catholic  ecclesiastical  connection  is 
with  the  Cape  de  Verde  Islands.  The  number  of  priests  is 
reported  as  42. 

Rio  De  Oro :  A  Spanish  possession  in  Africa  adjoining 
Morocco  on  the  Atlantic  Ocean.  Area,  about  243,000  square 
miles.  Population,  1,000,000,  almost  all  Mohammedans. 
There  are  no  Protestant  missions  in  this  country. 

Rio  Muni:  A  Spanish  possession  of  the  Gulf  of  Guinea, 
West  Africa,  lying  south  of  Kamerun.  Area,  about  9,000 
square  miles.  Population  (estimated),  40,000.  With  this 
may  be  grouped  the  islands  of  Fernando  Po,  Corisco,  and 
Anno  Bon,  also  belonging  to  Spain.  Area,  about  850  square 
miles.  Population,  about  34,000.  Religions  in  the  islands 
and  the  colony  on  the  mainland:  Animist  fetish  worship- 
pers, 60,000;  Christians,  7,000  (Roman  Catholics,  6,500; 
Protestants,  500).  The  Roman  Catholic  missions  are  car- 
ried on  by  the  Spanish  Congregation  of  the  Sacred  Heart 
of  Mary.  They  report  14  stations  and  out-stations,  and  24 
priests.  Protestant  missions  are  carried  on  by  the  Pres- 
byterian Church  of  the  U.  S.  (N)  in  the  Rio  Muni  terri- 
tory^ on  the  mainland,  with  5  stations  and  out-stations;  5 
missionaries;  17  native  workers;  7  schools;  150  scholars, 
and  about  600  professed  Christians,  of  whom  200  are 
Church  members.  On  the  island  of  Fernando  Po,  the  primi- 
tive Methodists  have  a  mission,  with  4  stations  and  Qut- 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  27 

stations;  3  missionaries;  4  native  workers,  and  100  pro- 
fessed Christians. 

Sahara:  A  gi-eat  wilderness  lying  south  of  Algeria, 
Tunis,  and  Tripoli,  and  stretching  from  Egypt  westward 
across  the  continent  of  Africa.  It  is  in  the  French  sphere 
of  influence,  but  is  inhabited  by  nomad  tribes,  which  have 
not  yet  acknowledged  French  authority.  Area,  estimated  at 
about  1,500,000  square  miles.  Population  unknown,  but 
estimated  at  about  2,500,000,  all,  nominally  at  least,  Moham- 
medans. There  are  no  Protestant  missions  in  this  inhospi- 
table region.  Roman  Catholic  missions  have  been  established 
on  the  southern  borders  of  Algeria  by  the  Algerian  Mission- 
ary Society. 

Senegal:  A  French  colony  in  West  Africa,  lying  between 
the  River  Gambia  and  the  Sahara,  and  extending  along  the 
Atlantic  coast  to  the  Spanish  possessions  of  Rio  De  Oro  and 
Adrar.  With  the  adjacent  protectorate  the  area  is  about 
200,000  square  miles,  and  the  population  about  3,200,000. 
Thp  religions  found  in  the  colony  are:  Mohammedans, 
1,800.000;  Animist  fetish  worshippers,  885,000;  Christians, 
15,500  (Roman  Catholics,  15,000;  Protestants,  500).  A 
Protestant  mission  is  conducted  by  the  Paris  Evangelical 
Missionary  Society  with  3  missionaries  and  2  schools. 

Senegambia:  A  Frencli  protectorate  in  Africa  occupying 
the  major  part  of  the  region  between  the  Sahara  and  the 
Niger,  formerly  known  to  Europeans  as  the  West  Sudan, 
the  name  having  been  changed  by  the  French.  Area,  210,000 
square  miles.  Population,  3,000,000.  Religions:  Moham- 
medans, 2,500,000;  Animist  fetish  worshippers,  499,000; 
Christians  (Roman  Catholics),  1,000.  There  are  no  Protes- 
tant missions  reported  in  this  little  known  region.  The 
population  and  even  the  area,  although  taken  from  the 
French  colonial  reports,  are  mere  estimates,  subject  to  large 
correction.  Mohammedan  fanaticism,  or  the  dread  of  it 
among  French  officials,  is  a  barrier  against  residence  by 
Christians.  In  Senegambia  the  Roman  Catholics  have  about 
20  priests  and  some  schools. 

Sierra  Leone:   A  British  colony  and  protectorate  on  the 


28  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

West  Coast  of  Africa,  formerly  a  depot  for  slaves,  freed 
by  warships  on  the  high  seas.  Area,  34,000  square  miles. 
Population,  1,077,000.  Religions:  Animist  fetish  worship- 
pers, 1,005,000;  Mohammedans,  18,000;  Christians,  53,000 
(Roman  Catholics,  5,000;  Protestants,  48,000).  The  Roman 
Catholic  missionaries  belong  to  the  Order  of  the  Holy  Ghost 
and  the  Sacred  Heart  of  Mary,  and  number  10,  with  6 
schools.  They  tend  to  increase  their  force  and  press  the 
work  with  more  energy.  The  Protestant  societies  in  the  col- 
ony and  protectorate  are  the  CMS,  the  WMS,  the  UMFC, 
the  Wesleyan  Methodist  Connexion  of  America,  the  UB,  and 
the  CA.  Together,  these  societies  (excepting  the  CA, 
which  gives  no  detailed  statistics)  report  180  stations;  42 
missionaries;  802  native  workers;  117  schools;  8,925  schol- 
ars; 1  dispensary,  and  44,010  professed  Christians,  of  whom 
17,696  are  communicants.  The  major  part  of  the  work  of 
the  CMS  in  the  colony  proper  is  carried  on  by  the  native 
church.  Fourah  Bay  College,  maintained  by  the  CMS, 
trains  native  workers  to  a  high  standard.  The  work  of  the 
mission  of  the  United  Brethren  is  carried  on  by  educated 
natives  of  Africa  under  a  white  superintendent. 

South  Africa:  The  British  territories  familiarly  called 
by  the  general  name  of  South  Africa,  comjDrise  Cape 
Colony,  Natal,  Orange  River  Colony,  Transvaal,  Basutoland, 
the  Bechuanaland  Protectorates,  and  the  vast  expanse  of 
land,  both  north  and  south  of  the  Zambesi  River,  which  is 
now  in  process  of  development  by  the  British  South  Africa 
Company,  and  is  known  as  Rhodesia,  or  called  by  the  names 
of  the  tribes  inhabiting  different  portions  of  it,  Matabilli- 
land,  Mashonaland,  and  in  its  northwestern  part,  Barotsi- 
land. 

This  vast  domain  can  hardly  be  made  to  take  due  place 
before  the  mind  by  mere  reference  to  the  figures  express- 
ing miles  of  area.  It  may  be  compared  in  extent  to  West- 
ern Europe,  including  Germany,  Holland,  Belgiima,  France, 
Italy,  Spain,  and  Portugal. 

The  nature  of  the  population  of  South  Africa  makes  it 
of  enormous  strategic  importance  with  regard  to  any  ques- 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  29 

tion  of  civilization  or  the  evangelization  of  the  African 
Continent.  Its  southernmost  section  is  a  province  of 
Christendom,  with  a  large  population  of  Europeans — Brit- 
ish and  Dutch — and  a  colored  population  of  mixed  origin 
which  has,  on  the  whole,  adopted  European  ideas,  habits, 
and  to  some  considerable  extent,  Christian  principles.  To 
the  northward,  however,  of  this  comparatively  narrow  belt 
the  vastly  preponderatmg  element  of  the  population  is  one 
or  another  tribe  of  that  Bantu  race,  which  has  yet  some- 
what to  say  respecting  the  form  of  development  these 
territories  shall  take.  South  Africa  has  among  its  inalien- 
able belongings  a  negTO  problem.  In  essence,  this  problem 
is  merely  that  of  recognizing  in  the  native  populations  their 
manifest  destiny  of  fellow  citizenship,  hoping  that  a  broad, 
tolerant,  miselfish  spirit  may  rule  both  whites  and  blacks 
as  they  find  purpose  and  place  for  developing  their  great 
wasted  resources.  The  question  waits,  but  will  not  always 
wait  unsettled.  To  us  it  is  clear  that  the  Gospel  of  Jesus 
Christ  is  the  solvent.  Gospel  principles  must  somehow 
dominate  both  the  enterprising,  impatient  and  aggressive 
white,  and  the  easy-going  but  jealous  and  suspicious  black. 
These  facts  give  enormous  importance  to  the  missionary  en- 
terprises that  abound  in  South  Africa. 

Basutoland:  A  British  possession  in  South  Africa.  It 
is  governed  by  a  Resident  Commissioner  under  the  Higher 
Commissioner  for  South  Africa.  Population  (1903),  348,- 
000  of  the  Bantu  race,  native  chiefs  having  authority  in  the 
various  districts. 

Missionary  enterprises:  1.  The  Paris  Evangelical  Mis- 
sionary Society  (1833)  has  22  stations;  197  out-stations;  40 
missionaries;  460  native  workers;  205  schools;  12,436  schol- 
ars. These  schools  include  a  normal  school,  an  Industrial 
School,  a  Bible  Training  School,  a  Theological  Seminary, 
and  a  High  School  for  Girls.  There  is  a  publishing  house 
at  Morija.  There  are  22,356  persons  known  as  Christians, 
of  whom  14,950  are  communicants.  2.  The  Society  for  the 
Propagation  of  the  Gospel  in  Foreign  parts  (1875)  has  5 
stations;  19  missionaries,  and  14,021  professed  Christians, 


30  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

of  whom  1,500  are  communicants.  3.  Basutoland  forms  a 
part  of  the  territory  of  the  Roman  Catholic  Vicarate  Apos- 
tolic of  the  Orange  River  Colony.  Statistics  given  by  the 
Church  vary,  but  4,000  seems  to  be  a  liberal  estimate  of  the 
number  of  Roman  Catholics  in  Basutoland.  The  total  num- 
ber of  professed  Christians  is,  therefore,  about  40,500. 

Special  points  of  importance  in  the  missions  are  the  ef- 
fect of  a  severe  famine,  which,  while  scattering  the  people 
somewhat,  has  diminished  the  number  of  native  beer  drink- 
ing parties,  and  consequently  the  temptations  of  the  pro- 
fessed Christians.  Notwithstanding  the  famine,  the  Paris 
Society  reports  that  its  197  out-stations  have  been  supported 
entirely  by  local  native  contribution.  The  "Ethiopian 
movement"  has  drawn  away  a  certain  number  of  members 
from  some  of  the  mission  churches.  On  the  other  hand,  a 
number  of  those  thus  drawn  away  have  returned  repentant. 
As  in  many  other  African  fields,  paganism  shows  a  stub- 
born power  of  resistance.  The  number  of  pagans  still  un- 
moved by  Christian  teaching  is  somewhat  over  300,000. 

Bechuanaland  Protectorate:  A  territory  in  South  Africa 
lying  between  the  Molopo  River  and  the  Zambesi,  and 
ruled  by  native  chiefs  under  the  protection  of  the  King  of 
England.  Area,  about  210,000  square  miles.  Population, 
estimated  at  200,000.  Religions:  Animist  fetish  worship- 
pers, 185,000;  Christians  (Roman  Catholics,  3,000;  Protes- 
tants, 12,000),  15,000.  Protestant  missionary  forces  in  the 
Protectorate  are  the  London  Missionaiy  Society,  the  Wes- 
ley an  Missionary  Society,  and  the  Hermannsburg  Society  of 
Germany.  These  societies  together  occupy  37  stations  and 
out-stations,  with  24  missionaries;  251  native  workers;  58 
schools;  2,631  scholars,  and  report  9,147  professed  Chris- 
tians, of  whom  1,511  are  communicants. 

The  three  great  chiefs,  Khama  of  the  Bamangwato  tribe, 
Sebele  of  the  Bakwena,  and  Bathoen  of  the  Bangwaketsi 
have  favored  missionary  effort  in  times  past.  Sebele  has  re- 
cently taken  a  less  friendly  attitude.  Famine  and  rinderpest 
have  affected  the  land,  scattering  the  people  in  search  of 
food.     There  has  also  been  a  tendency  in  some  places  to 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  31' 

adopt  the  "Ethiopian  church"  theory.  All  these  inflnences 
have  hampered  missionary  operations.  Nevertheless,  there 
have  been  substantial  gains,  and  there  is  evidence  of  im- 
proved conditions  in  ail  of  the  directions  which  have  beer" 
so  depressing. 

Cape  Colony:  Area,  about  276,800  square  miles.  Popu- 
lation (1904)  2,405,000.  The  religious  classification  of  the 
people  is  as  follows :  Animist  fetish  worshippers,  1,226,000 ; 
Mohammedans,  21,000;  Jews,  4,000;  Christians,  1,141,000 
(Roman  Catholics,  23,000;  Protestants,  1,118,000).  The 
Roman  Catholic  Church  organization  depends  on  the  apos- 
tolic Vicarship  of  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  and  the  number 
of  priests  is  set  down  as  221.  The  Protestants  are  of  the 
Dutch  Reformed  Church,  the  Church  of  England,  Presbyte- 
rians, CongTCgationalists  (Independents),  Wesleyans  and 
other  Methodists,  Lutherans,  Moravians  and  Baptists.  All 
these  various  bodies  are  doing  effective  work  for  the  spirit- 
ual enlightenment  of  pagans  within  and  without  the  colony. 
Besides  these  local  agencies,  several  missionary  societies  are 
working  in  the  colony,  viz.,  the  Moravian  Missions,  the 
London  Missionary  Society,  the  United  Free  Church  of 
Scotland,  the  Wesleyan  Missionary  Society,  the  SPG,  the 
Episcopal  Church  of  Scotland,  the  Berlin,  the  Hermanns- 
burg  and  the  Rhenish  Society  of  Germany,  the  African 
Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  and  the  National  Baptist  Con- 
vention of  America,  the  International  Medical  and  Benevo- 
lent Association  (SDA)  of  America,  the  PB,  and  the  Sal- 
vation Army.  These  societies  report  635  stations  and  out- 
stations;  304  missionaries,  men  and  women;  952  native 
workers;  343  schools,  with  18,544  scholars,  and  64,666  pro- 
fessed Christians,  of  whom  33,212  are  communicants. 

Natal:  A  British  colony  on  the  East  Coast  of  South 
Africa,  with  an  area  of  42,000  sauare  miles,  and  a  popula- 
tion (1904)  of  1,109,000.  The  relisrions  found  in  Natal  are: 
Animist  fetish  worshippers,  948,000 ;  Mohammedans,  14,000 ; 
Hindus,  30,000;  Buddhists  and  Confucianists,  12.000; 
Christians  (Roman  Catholics,  21,000;  Protestants,  72,000), 
93,000.     The  Roman  Catholics  report  50  missionary  priests 


32  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

and  7  native  clergy;  55  schools  and  5  other  charitable  estab- 
lishments. Eleven  Protestant  societies  have  enterprises  in 
Natal,  besides  the  local  Anglican,  Wesleyan,  and  Dutch  Re- 
formed congregations.  These  missionary  societies  are  the 
ABCFM,  the  UFS,  the  SPG,  the  South  Africa  General 
Mission,  the  National  Baptist  Convention  (U.  S.  A.),  the 
Berlin  and  the  Hermannsburg  Societies  of  Germany,  the 
Swedish  Holiness  Union,  the  Norwegian  Missionary  Society, 
the  Free  Methodists  of  N.  A.,  the  SA,  and  the  PB.  To- 
gether, these  societies  report  192  stations  and  out-stations; 
106  missionaries;  612  native  workers;  161  schools,  with 
7,016  scholars ;  2  hospitals  or  dispensaries ;  1  printing  house, 
and  26,000  native  professed  Christians,  of  whom  15,585  are 
communicants.  The  pagans,  who  are  35  times  as  many  as 
the  native  Christians,  hold  to  many  of  their  pagan  customs, 
seeming  to  prefer  not  to  be  Christianized.  The  Christian  na- 
tives have  an  influence  far  greater  than  their  small  numbers 
would  lead  one  to  expect.  The  Government  of  Natal  has 
lately  adopted  a  policy  of  repression  toward  the  natives 
which  hampers  the  missions. 

Orange  River  Colony:  A  British  colony  in  South 
Africa.  Area,  48,326  square  miles.  Population  (1904), 
365,000.  Religions:  Animist  fetish  worshippers,  115,000; 
Christians  (Roman  Catholics,  16,000;  Protestants,  98,000), 
114,000.  The  Roman  Catholic  interests  are  in  charge  of  14 
missionaries,  and  2  native  priests,  with  13  schools  and  2 
other  charities.  Protestant  missionary  activities  are  largely 
in  the  hands  of  the  Dutch  Reformed,  the  Wesleyan  Meth- 
odist, and  the  Anglican  church.  Besides  the  religious  work 
for  both  whites  and  natives  conducted  by  these  local  church 
establishments,  the  Berlin  Missionary  Society  has  33  sta- 
tions and  out-stations  in  the  Orange  River  Colony,  with  18 
missionaries,  148  native  workers,  27  schools,  1,338  scholars, 
and  6,091  professed  Christians;  of  these  839  were  baptized 
during  the  last  year,  and  3,178  are  communicants.  The  SPG 
reports  1  missionary  working  among  natives  in  this  colony, 
with  4  stations  and  out-stations.  The  Salvation  Army  has 
10  corps  or  stations  with  22  officers. 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  33 

The  native  population,  wliich  had  tended  to  gather  in 
towns  during  the  war  and  had  begun  to  return  to  the  coun- 
try districts,  has  again  been  driven  from  their  homes  by 
prevalence  of  drought.  Nevertheless,  the  mission  stations 
show  life,  and  are  recovering  from  the  damage  caused  by 
the  war. 

Rhodesia:  The  territory  of  the  British  South  Africa 
Company,  extending  from  the  Transvaal  northward  to  Lake 
Tanganyika  and  the  Congo  Free  State.  It  is  divided  by  the 
Zambesi  River  into  Northern  and  Southern  Rhodesia.  Its 
area  is  about  264,000  square  miles.  The  population  is  es- 
timated at  about  880,000,  of  whom  12,000  are  Europeans, 
and  about  1,100  are  Asiatics.  The  religions  found  in 
Rhodesia  are :  Animist  fetish  worshippers,  840,000 ;  Moham- 
medans, 1,500;  Hindus,  1,000;  Jews,  1,000;  Christians 
(Roman  Catholics,  5,000;  Protestants,  20,000),  25,000.  A 
railway  connects  Bulawayo  in  Rhodesia  with  Cape  Town; 
another  line  connects  it  with  Salisbury  and,  by  way  of  Um- 
tali,  with  the  Portug-uese  seaport  of  Beira,  and  still  another 
line  has  been  carried  to  Victoria  Falls  on  the  Zambesi.  All 
of  these  lines  are  used  by  the  missionaries  as  aids  in  their 
enterprises.  The  Protestant  missionary  societies  operating 
in  Rhodesia  are  the  London  Missionary  Society  in  Matabili- 
land  and  at  the  southern  end  of  Lake  Tanganyika;  the 
Paris  Missionary  Society  in  Barotsiland  north  of  the 
Zambesi;  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Missionary  Society 
(USA)  in  the  Umtali  region,  and  the  ABCFM,  in  the  Mel- 
setter  district — the  two  last  named  regions  being  near  the 
frontier  of  the  Portuguese  possessions.  These  societies  to- 
gether have  112  stations  and  out-stations;  70  missionaries; 
171  native  workers;  82  schools,  with  6,018  scholars;  2  dis- 
pensaries, and  13,229  professed  Christians,  of  whom  1,120 
are  communicants.     There  are  also  3  corps  of  the  SA. 

The  effect  upon  the  natives  of  contact  with  white  set- 
tlers is  a  characteristic  of  this  region  at  the  present  time. 
There  are  many  noble  and  just  men  among  the  settlers,  and 
the  South  Africa  Company  is  careful  to  aid  every  effort  to 
improve  the  condition  of  the  natives.    But  there  are  many 


34  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

evil  and  unjust  men  among  the  settlers,  and  the  easy-going 
ethics  which  would  justify  any  conduct  that  seems  to  be  cus- 
tomary in  the  land,  result  in  infamies  which  make  decent 
men  ashamed.  The  missionary  is  often  impelled  to  make 
expiation  himself  for  wrongs  inflicted  on  natives  by  white 
men. 

The  Transvaal  Colony:  A  possession  of  Great  Britain 
in  South  Africa.  Area,  112,000  square  miles.  Population  es- 
timated to  be  1,354,000.  The  religions  found  in  this  colony 
are:  Fetish-spirit  worshippers,  1,033,000;  Jews,  10,000; 
Christians  (Roman  Catholics,  34,000;  Protestants,  256,000), 
290,000.  The  Dutch  Reformed  Church  is  the  largest  of  the 
different  bodies  comprised  under  the  name  Protestant.  Five 
missionary  societies  from  abroad,  besides  the  local  churches, 
work  for  the  evangelization  of  the  native  population.  These 
are  the  WMS,  the  Berlin  and  Hermannsburg  Societies,  the 
ABCFM,  and  the  Mission  Romande.  All  together,  these 
societies  report  112  missionaries;  2,344  native  workers,  289 
stations  and  out-stations;  300  schools,  with  14,674  scholars; 
1  hospital,  and  84,810  professed  Christians,  of  whom  39,731 
are  communicants.     Besides  these  there  are  14  SA  corps. 

A  feature  of  the  year  is  a  tendency  on  the  part  of  the 
chiefs  to  interfere  to  prevent  the  young  people  from  be- 
coming Christians,  and  with  evident  purpose  to  maintain 
the  power  of  the  witch  doctors.  While  nearly  one-fourth 
of  the  population  of  the  colony  are  of  Christian  name, 
three-fourths  are  pagan  and  sometimes  bitterly  hostile  to 
Christianity.  The  "Ethiopian  movement"  has  found  a  num- 
ber of  adherents  among  the  existing  churches.  An  im- 
portant step  in  advance  on  the  part  of  the  missionaries 
working  in  the  Transvaal  can  be  recognized  in  the  organiza- 
tion of  an  interdenominational  conference  for  fellowship 
and  the  discussion  of  current  problems.  The  first  meeting 
was  held  at  Johannesberg  in  July,  1904. 

Sudan:  The  French  government  having  abolished  the 
term  "Sudan"  as  applied  to  the  Western  regions  of  Africa 
Ijdng  south  of  the  Sahara,  the  name  is  used  here  as  equiva- 
lent to  the  term  "Egyptian  Sudan."     It  is  under  Anglo- 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  35 

Egyptian  rule.  Its  area  is  about  950,000  square  miles  (the 
western  frontier  being  as  yet  indefinite).  Population,  about 
3,500,000.  Religions:  There  are  estimated  to  be  in  the 
Sudan  2,500,000  Mohammedans;  990,000  Animist  fetish 
worshippers;  2,000  Jews,  and  6,000  Christians  (Roman 
Catholics,  2,000;  Oriental  Churches,  3,000;  Protestants, 
1,000).  The  Roman  Catholic  missionaries  number  14,  with 
10  schools  and  4  orphanages.  The  Protestant  missionaries 
belong  to  the  CMS  and  the  UP,  and  are  chiefly  occupied 
with  the  pagan  tribes,  since  the  British  Government  delays 
permission  for  missionary  propaganda  among  Mohamme- 
dans. The  societies  together  have  3  stations  and  out-sta- 
tions; 8  missionaries;  3  native  workers;  3  schools;  80 
scholars. 

The  Sudan  is  slowly  recovering  from  the  desolating  rule 
of  the  ultra  Mohammedan  party  which  ruled  under  the 
name  of  the  Mahdi,  and  which  destroyed  more  than  half  of 
the  population  of  some  flourishing  districts.  The  Govern- 
ment schools  are  Mohammedan  schools,  supported  by  British 
money.  A  new  force  in  the  Sudan  is  the  immigration  of 
Christians  from  Egypt  and  Syria,  of  whom  many  are 
Protestants. 

Togoland:  A  German  colony  in  West  Africa,  situated 
between  the  Gold  Coast  Colony  and  Dahomey.  Area  (es- 
timated), 33,000  square  miles.  Population  (estimated), 
900,000.  Of  these  (1902)  159  are  Europeans.  Religions: 
Animist  fetish  worshippers,  885,000;  Mohammedans,  12,- 
000;  Christians,  6,100  (Roman  Catholics,  1,500;  Protestants, 
4,600).  The  Roman  Catholic  body  working  here  is  the 
Society  of  the  Divine  Work  of  Germany  and  Holland. 
Twelve  priests  are  reported,  with  20  schools  and  5  orphan- 
ages and  other  charities.  The  Protestant  societies  are  the 
North  German  and  the  Wesleyan  Methodist  Missionary  So- 
ciety. These  two  societies  together  report  78  stations  and 
out-stations;  31  missionaries,  men  and  women;  lOi  native 
workers;  69  schools,  with  3,111  scholars,  and  4,600  pro- 
fessed Christians,  of  whom  2,512  are  communicants.  The 
North  German  Society  opened  a  Deaconess  Station  at  Lome 


36  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

during  1903.  This  is  the  second  such  station  in  the  mission, 
and  it  promises  a  considerable  extension  of  influence. 

Tripoli  (Africa):  A  province  of  Turkey,  adjoining 
Egypt  and  Tunis  in  North  Africa.  The  southern  limits  are 
undefined,  but  including  Fezzan  the  area  is  reckoned  at 
about  400,000  square  miles.  Population,  about  1,300,000. 
The  religions  are:  Mohammedans,  1,275,000;  Jews,  10,000; 
Christians  (Roman  Catholics),  6,000.  Protestant  missions 
are  represented  by  the  North  African  Mission,  which  has 
one  station,  with  6  missionary  men  and  women,  and  a  dis- 
pensary. 

Tunis:  A  protectorate  of  France  in  North  Africa,  gov- 
erned by  the  native  prince  or  Bey,  under  direction  of  the 
French  Foreign  Office.  Area,  about  51,000  square  miles. 
Population,  about  1,900,000.  Religions:  Mohammedans, 
1,735,500;  Jews,  60,000;  Christians  (Roman  Catholics,  115,- 
000;  Eastern  Churches,  1,000;  Protestants,  1,000),  117,000. 
The  Roman  Catholic  church  in  Tunis  is  under  the  direction 
of  the  Archbishop  of  Carthage.  The  priests  are  set  down 
at  53.  The  Protestant  missionaries  are:  The  North  African 
Mission,  the  Swedish  Young  Women's  Christian  Association, 
and  the  London  Jews  Society.  Together,  these  societies  have 
30  missionaries  at  work  at  4  stations,  2  hospitals  or  dispen- 
saries, 5  schools,  with  250  under  instruction. 

Uganda:  A  British  protectorate  in  Central  Africa.  Area, 
80,000  square  miles.  Population,  3,950,000,  of  whom  about 
500  are  Europeans.  The  religions  existing  in  Uganda  are: 
Animist  fetish  worshippers,  3,690,000;  Mohammedans, 
200,000;  Christians,  306,000  (Roman  Catholics,  46,000; 
Protestants,  260,000).  The  Roman  Catholic  missionaries  are 
under  the  Algerian  Missionary  Society  and  have  46  priests, 
with  13  schools.  The  Protestant  missionary  agency  is  the 
Church  Missionary  Society,  which  has  162  stations  and  out- 
stations;  102  missionaries;  2,500  native  workers;  170 
schools ;  25,363  scholars,  and  57,057  professed  Christians,  of 
whom  6,396  were  added  in  1905.  The  number  of  communi- 
cants is  14,259. 

The  first  Christian  instruction  given  in  Uganda  was  that 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 


37 


of  H.  M.  Stanley,  the  explorer  (in  1875).  His  report  led 
to  the  establishment  of  the  CMS  mission.  One  of  the  great 
features  of  the  work  of  the  societj'-  is  its  extension  into  all 
the  provinces  of  the  Uganda  Protectorate.  The  mission 
of  the  CMS  is  also  reaching  out  to  Gondokoro  on  the  borders 
of  the  Sudan  and  into  the  Congo  Free  State. 

2.    AMERICA 

Note:  Of  the  American  continents,  Latin  America  only 
is  included  in  this  survey. 

Mexico:  The  most  progressive,  perhaps,  of  the  Latin 
American  republics.  Area,  767,000  square  miles.  Population 
(1900),  13,545,462.  Of  this  number  about  38  per  cent,  are 
Indians  but  partly  civilized,  and  43  per  cent,  are  of  mixed 
blood.  Religions  (1895)  :  Roman  Catholics,  13,380,245; 
Protestants,  40,445;  Jews,  8,972;  other  religions,  61,900. 
Protestant  missions  in  Mexico  are  as  shown  in  the  following 
table,  the  names  of  the  societies  being  arranged  in  the  order 
of  their  entrance  into  the  country: 


Names 

OF 

Societies. 


IS 


Ah  O 


£5 


Am.  Bapt.  H.  M.  Soc 

Prot.  Episcopal 1870 

Am.Fnends 1871 

Am.  Board  C.  F.  Mis 1872 

Presbyterian  Bd.  (N) 1872 

Meth.  Episcopal  (South) 1873 

Meth.  Episcopal 1873 

Presbyterian  U.  S.  (South) 1874 

South  Bapt.  Convention 1880 

Woman's  M  E  South 1881 

♦Cumberland  Pres 1888 

"Brethren" 1890 

♦Woman's  Bapt.  Home  Mi» . . .  1893 

Seventh  Day  Advent 1894 

Chris.  Worn.  B'd  Miss 1897 

Total 

♦  No  report  received. 


956 

500 

518 

1,345 

4,126 
384 
192 

3,017 
50 

50 

400 


710 
900 
800 

1,: 

4,000 
5  814 
6,000 

1,185 


710 
1,400 
1,300 
4,328 
5,014 
5.814 


3,225 
1,185 


216  600  816  169  11,538   1   4  20,638  38,864 


38  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Central  America— British  Honduras:  A  British  crown 
colony  on  the  Caribbean  Sea.  Area,  7,562  square  miles. 
Population  (1901),  37,479.  Protestant  missions  are  carried 
on  by  the  Wesleyan  Methodist  Missionary  Society  at  24 
stations  and  out-stations,  with  4  missionaries;  42  native 
workers;  13  schools;  1,074  scholars,  and  3,600  professed 
Evangelical  Christians,  of  whom  2,011  are  communicants. 

Costa  Rica:  A  Central  American  republic  lying  between 
Panama  and  Nicaragua.  Area,  18,400  square  miles.  Popu- 
lation (1892),  243,205.  Religion:  Roman  Catholic.  There 
were  in  the  Republic  3,021  Protestants  in  1901.  Protestant 
missions  are  conducted  by  the  Wesleyan  Methodist  Mission- 
ary Society,  the  Central  America  Missionary  Society,  the 
Jamaica  Baptist  Missionary  Society.  Together,  these  so- 
cieties report  14  stations  and  out-stations;  9  missionaries; 
21  native  workers;  1  school;  106  scholars,  and  about  1,000 
professed  Evangelical  Christians,  of  whom  448  are  com- 
municants. 

Guatemala:  The  most  western  of  the  Central  American 
republics.  Area,  48,290  square  miles.  Population  (1900), 
1,647,300,  of  whom  about  12,000  are  of  European  descent, 
the  greater  part  of  the  population  Indians  and  half-breeds. 
Religion:  Roman  Catholic.  Protestant  missions  are  car- 
ried on  by  the  Presbyterian  Church  of  the  U.  S.  (with  4 
stations  and  out-stations;  3  missionaries;  5  native  workers; 
1  school;  35  scholars,  and  41  communicants),  by  the  Central 
American  Mission,  with  3  stations;  10  missionaries,  and  6 
native  workers,  and  by  the  Pentecost  Bands,  with  4  mis- 
sionaries. 

Honduras:  A  Central  American  republic  lying  between 
Nicaragua  and  Guatemala.  Area,  about  46,250  square  miles. 
Population  (including  Roatan  and  Bonaco  Islands,  1900), 
about  5^7,000,  besides  an  unknown  number  of  untamed  In- 
dians. Religion:  Roman  Catholic.  Protestant  missions  are 
carried  on  by  the  Wesleyan  Missionary  Society,  with  24 
stations  and  out-stations,  mainly  on  Roatan  Island,  3  mis- 
sionaries; 35  native  workers;  13  schools;  375  scholars,  and 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  39 

2,550  professed  Evangelical  Christians,  of  whom  734  are 
communicants. 

Nicaragua:  The  largest  of  the  Central  American  repub- 
lics. Area,  49,200.  Population  (1900),  about  500,000,  of 
whom  1,200  are  of  European  blood,  and  50,000  are  Indians 
as  yet  uncivilized.  Protestant  missions  are  carried  on  in 
this  republic  by  the  Moravians  on  the  Moskito  Coast,  and 
by  the  Central  America  Mission  at  Managua  and  vicinity. 
The  Moravians  have  32  stations  and  out-stations;  32  mis- 
sionaries; 142  native  workers;  3  schools;  118  scholars,  and 
6,231  professed  Evangelical  Christians,  of  whom  1,159  are 
communicants.  The  Central  America  Mission  has  4  mis- 
sionaries and  5  native  workers. 

Panama:  The  republic  of  the  canal.  Area,  31,571  square 
miles.  Population  (including  uncivilized  Indians),  esti- 
mated at  280,000.  Religion:  Roman  Catholic.  The  Indians 
of  the  mountains  still  hold  to  their  pagan  faith.  Protes- 
tant missions  are  conducted  by  the  Jamaica  Baptist  Mission- 
ary Society,  the  SPG,  WMMS,  the  PE,  the  PN,  the  ME 
and  the  SAMS.  These  societies  all  together  report  11  mis- 
sionaries; 13  stations  and  out-stations,  and  993  professed 
Evangelical  Christians,  of  whom  493  are  communicants. 

Salvador:  The  smallest  of  the  Central  American  repub- 
lics. It  is  the  only  one,  also,  to  have  sea  coast  solely  on  the 
Pacific  Ocean.  Area,  7,225  square  miles.  Population  (1901), 
1,006,848,  of  whom  the  greater  part  are  of  Indian  and 
mixed  race.  Protestant  missions  are  carried  on  here  by  the 
Central  American  Mission  (U.  S.),  with  1  missionary  and 
his  wife,  and  one  native  worker. 

South  America — Argentina:  The  Argentine  Republic  is 
the  southernmost  of  the  South  American  republics.  Area, 
1,135,840.  Population  (estimated,  1901),  4,794,149.  Relig- 
ions: Roman  Catholics,  4,660,000;  Protestants,  50,000; 
Jews,  17,000;  Animists,  160,000.  Protestant  missions  are 
carried  on  in  Argentina  by  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church, 
(US),  the  SAMS,  the  CA,  the  SAEM,  and  the  Salvation 
Army.  Together,  th&«?e  societies  report  103  stations  and 
out-stations;  101  missionaries;  men  and  women;  300  native 


40  The  Blue  Book  of  Missioirs  for  1907 

workers;  23  schools;  3,390  scholars,  and  11,301  professed 
Evangelical  Christian  adherents,  of  whom  3,316  are  com- 
municants. The  RBMU,  CA,  SDA,  and  IMA,  also  have 
missionary  enterprises  in  Argentina,  but  their  reports  give 
no  statistical  details. 

Bolivia:  One  of  the  inland  republics  of  South  America. 
Area,  983,982  square  miles.  Population,  1,853,000.  Re- 
ligions: Roman  Catholics,  1,700,000;  Protestants,  3,000; 
Pagans,  150,000.  Protestant  missions  are  conducted  by  the 
Baptist  convention  of  Ontario  and  Quebec,  and  the  PB.  The 
first  named  society  has  3  stations,  with  7  missionaries  and 
4  schools;  and  the  PB  has  2  missionaries  at  Sucre.  Bolivia 
has  long  been  closed  to  evangelistic  effort,  and  the  mission- 
ary method  used  there  has  been  education.  It  now  appears, 
however,  that  more  religious  liberty  is  to  be  allowed. 

Brazil:  The  largest  of  the  South  American  Republics. 
Area,  3,218,130  square  miles.  Population  (1890),  14,333,- 
915.  Religions:  Roman  Catholics,  14,180,000;  Protestants, 
144,000;  Jews,  2,000;  Animists,  8,000.  Protestant  mission- 
ary enterprises  are  carried  on  by  the  Presbyterian  Church  in 
the  U.  S.  (North) ;  the  Presbyterian  Church  in  the  U.  S. 
(South) ;  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  in  the  U.  S., 
and  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  (South) ;  the  Amer- 
ican Church  Missionary  Society;  the  Southern  Baptist  Con- 
vention; the  Seventh  Day  Adventists;  the  South  American 
Missionary  Society,  and  the  South  American  Evangelical 
Mission.  All  these  together  report  356  stations  and  out- 
stations;  126  missionaries,  men  and  women;  112  native 
workers;  53  schools;  1,513  scholars;  2  publishing  houses, 
and  26,318  professed  Evangelical  Christians,  of  whom  13,- 
127  are  communicants. 

British  Guiana:  A  British  colony,  often  familiarly 
spoken  of  as  Demerara,  in  the  northern  part  of  South 
America.  Area,  104,000  square  miles.  Population  (1891), 
278,378.  Religions:  Christians,  125,000  (Protestants, 
85,000;  Roman  Catholics,  40,000);  Mohammedans,  10,000; 
Hindus,  96,000;  Confucianists,  4,000;  Animists,  40,000. 
Protestant  missioDS  are  conducted  by  the  Moravians,  the 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  41 

Wesleyan  Methodist  Missionary  Society,  the  Presbyterian 
Church  of  Canada,  and  the  SPG.  These  together  report  84 
stations  and  out-stations;  16  missionaries;  253  native 
workers;  34  schools,  with  251  scholars,  and  11,755  pro- 
fessed Christians,  of  whom  5,298  are  communicants.  The 
field  of  missions  is  among  the  blacks,  the  Indians  of  the 
interior,  and  the  coolies  of  the  plantations.  Many  of  these 
East  Indian  coolies  are  Mohammedans.  Besides  the  socie- 
ties just  named,  the  African  Methodist  Episcopal  Church, 
the  National  Baptist  Convention,  the  Seventh  Day  Adven- 
tists,  and  the  PB  have  missionary  enterprises  in  British 
Guiana.     They  do  not  publish,  however,  available  statistics. 

Chile:  A  republic  lying  on  the  Pacific  coast  of  South 
America.  Area,  279,000  square  miles.  Population  (esti- 
mated, 1902),  3,146,577.  Religions:  Roman  Catholics,  3,- 
129,000;  Protestants,  7,000;  Pagans,  10,000.  The  Protes- 
tant missionary  enterprises  in  this  countiy  are  under  the 
Methodist  Episcopal  Church  (U.  S.),  the  Presbyterian 
Church,  U.  S.  (North),  the  Seventh  Day  Adventist  Church 
(U.  S.),  and  the  South  American  Missionary  Society.  All 
together  they  have  111  stations  and  out -stations ;  98  mission- 
aries; 119  native  workers;  12  schools;  1,431  scholars;  1 
printing  house,  and  6,380  professed  Evangelical  Christians, 
of  whom  3,115  are  communicants. 

Colombia:  A  republic  in  the  northwestern  portion  of 
South  America.  Area,  504,773  square  miles.  Population 
(1895),  4,000,000.  Religion:  Roman  Catholic.  There  are 
in  the  republic  from  150,000  to  200,000  Indians,  who  are 
still  untouched  by  any  form  of  Christianity.  Protestant 
missions  are  represented  by  the  Presbyterian  Church  in  the 
U.  S.  (N.).  There  are  4  stations;  17  missionaries,  men  and 
women;  16  native  workers;  4  schools;  389  scholars,  and  181 
communicant  Evangelical  Christians. 

Dutch  Guiana  (Surinam) :  A  colony  of  the  Netherlands 
in  the  northern  part  of  South  America.  Area,  46,060  square 
miles.  Population  (1901),  100,000.  Religions:  Protestants, 
40,000;  Roman  Catholics,  13,000;  Jews,  1,000;  Hindus,  12,- 
000;   Animist  fetish  worshippers,  30,000.     The  Moravian 


42  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Missions  are  laboring  in  this  colony  among  the  city  people, 
the  Bush  negroes,  the  Hindu  and  Chinese  Coolies,  and  the 
Javanese.  They  have  49  stations  and  out-stations;  97  mis- 
sionaries, men  and  women;  477  native  workers;  27  schools; 
3,199  scholars,  and  29,233  professed  Christians,  of  whom 
7,573  are  communicants. 

Ecuador:  A  republic  on  the  Pacific  coast  of  South  Amer- 
ica. Area  (including  the  Gallapagos  Islands),  116,000 
square  miles.  Population  about  1,400,000.  Religions: 
Roman  Catholics,  1,200,000;  Protestants,  1,000;  Pagans, 
186,000.  Protestant  missions  are  carried  on  by  the  Gospel 
Union  (U.  S.),  the  Christian  and  Missionary  Alliance  (U. 
S.),  and  the  PB.  Neither  of  these  societies  furnishes  full 
statistics,  but  they  seem  to  have  in  Ecuador  4  stations;  11 
missionaries;  1  native  worker,  and  20  scholars  under  regu- 
lar instruction.  The  ME  (U.  S.),  has  an  out-station  with 
25  adherents. 

French  Guiana:  A  French  colony  in  South  America. 
Area,  30,500  square  miles.  Population  (1901),  32,908.  Re- 
ligion :  Roman  Catholic.  No  Protestant  missionaries  are 
reported  in  this  colony.  About  10,000  of  the  population  are 
convicts  deported  from  France.  Of  these  about  1,500  are 
at  liberty.  A  curious  instance  of  the  meeting  of  the  ends 
of  the  earth  in  the  present  age  is  the  presence  in  French 
Guiana  of  quite  a  number  of  political  exiles  from  Madagas- 
car. Among  them  are  a  few  Protestants,  who  hold  religious 
services  in  Malagasy,  and  have  been  visited  and  comforted 
by  friends  belonging  to  the  Paris  Evangelical  Missionary 
Society.  The  Roman  Catholic  missionaries  are  of  the  Order 
of  the  Holy  Ghost  and  Sacred  Heart  of  Mary.  They  re- 
port 22  priests,  5  schools,  and  29,000  adherents. 

Paraguay:  A  republic  in  South  America,  lying  between 
Brazil,  Argentina  and  Bolivia.  Area,  157,000  square  miles. 
Population  (1899),  630,000,  the  people  being  of  mixed 
Spanish,  Indian,  and  Negro  blood,  with  about  100,000  full- 
blooded  Indians  in  the  western  "Chaco."  Religions :  Roman 
Catholics,  500,000;  Pagan  Animists,  100,000.  The  Protes- 
tant missionary  societies  at  work  in  this  republic  are  the 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  43 

South  American  Missionary  Society,  whose  work  is  largely 
among  the  pagans  of  the  "Chaco,"  and  the  Methodist  Epis- 
copal Missionary  Society  (U.  S),  which  has  a  work  in  the 
City  of  Asuncion  and  vicinity,  but  no  resident  missionary. 
Together,  these  societies  report  19  missionaries,  men  and 
women;  13  native  workers;  5  stations  and  out-stations;  5 
schools ;  247  scholars ;  1  dispensary ;  1  publishing  house,  and 
450  professed  Evangelical  Christians,  of  whom  106  are 
communicants. 

Peru:  A  republic  on  the  Pacific  coast  of  South  America. 
Area,  695,733  square  miles.  Population,  about  4,000,000. 
Religions:  Roman  Catholics,  3,687,000;  Protestants,  5,000; 
Jews,  500;  Pagans,  300,000;  Buddhists  and  Confucianists, 
7,000.  Protestant  missionary  enterprises  are  carried  on  in 
Peru  by  the  Regions  Beyond  Missionary  Union,  the  "Breth- 
ren," and  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Missionary  Society  (U. 
S.).  The  last  named  only  issues  detailed  statistics  of  its 
undertakings.  It  has  2  stations;  5  missionaries,  men  and 
women;  39  native  workers,  and  about  400  professed  Evan- 
gelical Christians,  of  whom  231  are  communicants. 

Uruguay:  A  South  American  republic,  which  once 
formed  a  province  of  Brazil.  Area,  about  72,210  square 
miles.  Population  (estimated,  1901),  965,000.  Religions: 
Roman  Catholics,  930,000;  Protestants,  13,000;  others, 
22,000.  The  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  (U.  S.)  has  a 
mission  in  Uruguay,  with  8  stations  and  out-stations;  4  mis- 
sionaries, men  and  women;  41  native  workers;  5  schools; 
286  scholars,  and  2,389  professed  Evangelical  Christians,  of 
whom  906  are  communicants. 

Venezuela:  A  South  American  republic  closely  allied  to 
the  West  Indies.  Area,  593,943  square  miles.  Population 
(1891),  2,323,500.  Religions:  Roman  Catholics,  2,223,000; 
Pagans,  90,000;  Protestants,  8,000;  Jews,  500.  Protestant 
missions  in  Venezuela  are  carried  on  by  the  Presbyterian 
Church  in  the  U.  S.  (N.),  with  1  station;  2  missionaries;  1 
native  worker;  1  school,  and  40  scholars.  The  Christian  and 
Missionary  Alliance,  the  South  American  Evangelical  Mis- 
sion, and  the  "Brethren,"  also  have  stations  in  the  republic; 
but  fiMTiisb  no  details  of  their  work. 


44  The  Blue  Book  op  Missions  for  1907 

Cuba:  The  largest  island  of  the  West  Indies.  It  is  an 
independent  republic,  which  is  under  certain  obligations  to 
the  United  States  as  to  relations  with  foreign  powers.  Area, 
about  44,000  square  miles.  Population  (1899),  1,572,845, 
of  whom  129,240  are  Spaniards,  14,857  Chinese,  and  12,953 
Negroes.  Roman  Catholicism  is  the  prevailing  religion. 
Protestant  missions  are  conducted  in  Cuba  by  the  Methodist 
Episcopal  Church  of  the  U.  S.  (South),  the  American 
Baptist  Home  Mission  Society,  the  Presbyterian  Church  in 
the  U.  S.  (South),  the  SBC,  and  the  FCMS  (Disciples), 
and  the  American  Friends  Foreign  Mission  Association. 
These  societies  together  report  63  stations  and  out-stations; 
50  missionaries;  43  native  workers;  125  schools;  722  schol- 
ars, and  4,385  professed  Evangelical  Christians,  of  whom 
3,774  are  communicants.  These  islands  of  the  W.  I.  are 
mentioned  in  this  survey,  although  consistency  would  re- 
quire their  exclusion,  because  many  American  churches  are 
deeply  interested  in  their  evangelization. 

Haiti:  The  second  in  size  of  the  West  Indian  islands. 
Also  a  republic  occupying  the  western  part  of  that  island, 
the  eastern  part  forming  the  republic  of  Santo  Domingo. 

Republic  of  Haiti:  Area  (estimated),  10,204  square  miles. 
Population  (church  enumeration  of  1901),  1,294,400,  nine- 
tenths  of  whom  are  negi'oes,  and  the  rest  mulattoes.  Re- 
ligion: Roman  Catholic,  with  many  practises  derived  from 
fetishism  among  the  lower  classes.  The  language  is  a  dia- 
lect of  French. 

Republic  of  Santo  Domingo:  Area  (estimated),  18,045 
square  miles.  Population  (estimates  of  1888),  610,000,  of 
whom  the  larger  part  are  of  Spanish  descent,  with  a  con- 
siderable admixture  of  the  blood  of  the  aborigines.  There 
are  also  a  great  many  negroes  and  mulattoes.  The  language 
is  Spanish,  but  the  more  educated  of  the  people  also  speak 
French  and  English.     Religion:  Roman  Catholic. 

Protestant  missions  have  long  existed  in  Haiti  and  Santo 
Domingo.  The  societies  working  in  the  island  are  the 
Protestant  Episcopal  (U.  S.),  the  Wesleyan  Methodist,  the 
African  Methodist  Episcopal,  the  Christian  and  Missionary 
Alliance;  the  Free  Methodists,  and  the  NBC,    All  together, 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  45 

these  societies  have  57  stations  and  out-stations,  the  largest 
part  of  them  in  the  Haitian  Republic;  32  missionaries;  41 
native  workers;  18  schools;  455  scholars,  and  6,200  pro- 
fessed Evangelical  Christians,  of  whom  1,611  are  communi- 
cants. 

Porto  Rico:  A  possession  of  the  United  States  in  the 
West  Indies.  Area,  3,668  square  miles.  Population  (1899), 
953,243,  of  whom  304,352  are  mulattoes,  and  59,390  are  ne- 
groes. The  prevailing  religion  is  Roman  Catholic.  Eight 
of  the  denominational  societies  of  the  United  States  have 
schools,  hospitals,  and  preaching  places  in  the  island,  with 
about  7,000  professed  Evangelical  adherents. 

3.    ASIA 

Afghanistan:  A  country  of  Asia,  adjoining  the  N.  W. 
frontier  of  India.  Area,  about  215,400  square  miles.  Popu- 
lation, about  4,000,000.  Religion:  Mohammedan.  No  Chris- 
tian missionaries  are  allowed  in  the  country.  Bibles  are 
taken  into  the  country  by  merchants  from  India,  and  occa- 
sionally an  Afghan  or  Pathan  from  the  frontier,  going  to 
India  on  business,  becomes  converted  to  Christianity. 

Bahrein  Islands:  A  group  of  islands  in  the  Persian 
Gulf  ruled  by  Arab  chiefs  under  British  protectorate.  Area, 
about  300  square  miles.  Population,  about  80,000.  Relig- 
ion: Mohammedan.  The  Reformed  Church  in  America  has 
a  station  at  Bahrein,  the  largest  island. 

Baluchistan:  A  country  of  Asia  dependent  upon  the  In- 
dian empire,  of  which  it  forms  the  extreme  western  corner. 
Area,  132,315  square  miles.  Population  (1901),  1,050,000. 
The  northeastern  section  of  the  territory  is  directly  admin- 
istered by  British  officials,  and  is  garrisoned  by  British 
troops.  It  has  an  area  of  45,804  square  miles,  and  a  popu- 
lation of  308,000.  Another  section  of  Baluchistan  is  under 
native  government,  subject  to  the  supervision  of  British 
political  agents.  Its  area  is  86,511  square  miles,  and  has  a 
population  (1901)  of  502,500.  Both  of  these  sections  are 
included  in  the  census  reports  of  India.  A  third  section  of 
Baluchistan  is  in  the  hands  of  nomad  tribes,  loosely  con- 


46  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

trolled  by  British  agents,  and  its  population  is  estimated  at 
about  240,000,  nearly  all  Mohammedans.  The  religions  of 
Baluchistan  are:  Mohammedans,  995,000;  Hindus,  48,000; 
Sikhs,  3,000;  Christians,  4,000.  Protestant  missions  are 
represented  in  Baluchistan  by  the  CMS  and  CEZ.  To- 
gether, these  societies  report  15  missionaries,  men  and  wom- 
en; 19  native  workers;  4  schools;  193  scholars  (Hindus  and 
Mohammedans) ;  1  hospital,  and  197  professed  Christians, 
of  whom  45  are  communicants. 

Bokhara:  A  Russian  dependency  in  Central  Asia.  Area, 
92,000  square  miles.  Population,  about  1,250,000,  mostly 
Turks.  Religion:  Mohammedan.  There  are  no  missions  in 
Bokhara.  No  foreigner  is  allowed  to  enter  the  country  with- 
out a  Russian  passport. 

Ceylon:  An  island  colony  of  Great  Britain  lying  south- 
east of  the  peninsula  of  Hindustan,  and  chiefly  peopled  by 
Sinhalese,  Tamils,  and  "Moors."  Area,  25,333  square 
miles.  Population  (1901),  3,578,333.  Religions:  Bud- 
dhists, 2,142,000;  Hindus,  828,000;  Mohammedans,  248,000; 
Christians,  358,000  (Roman  Catholics,  283,000;  Protestants, 
75,000) ;  Animists,  4,000.  The  Roman  Catholic  missions  are 
in  charge  of  the  Oblates  of  the  Blessed  Virgin  Mary,  and 
the  reports  show  134  European,  and  24  native  priests,  823 
schools;  12  orphanages,  with  254,000  adherents.  The  Protes- 
tant missions  are  under  ABCFM,  the  Wesleyan  Missionary 
Society,  the  Church  Missionary  Society,  the  CEZ,  the 
FFMA,  the  BMS,  the  SDA,  and  the  SPG,  and  the  Sal- 
vation Army.  These  report  altogether  759  stations  and 
out-stations;  239  missionaries;  2,655  native  workers;  913 
schools,  with  67,170  scholars;  5  hospitals  or  dispensaries;  2 
publishing  houses,  and  31,264  professed  Christians,  of  whom 
13,906  are  communicants.  Buddhism  comes  into  sharp 
clashing  with  Christianity  in  Ceylon.  A  certain  number  of 
Buddhists  and  Mohammedans  are  converted  every  year,  but 
the  opposition  by  both  is  strong. 

China:  The  vast  conservative  empire  of  Eastern  and 
Southeastern  Asia.  Its  area  and  population  stated  by  prov- 
inces  (1901)  are  as  follows: 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  47 

Area  in 
Square  Miles  Population 

Che-kiang    36,670 11,581,000 

Chi-li     115,800 20,937,000 

Fo-kien 46,320 22,877,000 

Ho-nan    67,940 35,317,000 

Hu-nan     83,380 22,170,000 

Hu-pei   71,410 35,281,000 

Kan-su 125,450 10,386,000 

Kiang-si    69,480 26,532,000 

Kiang-su    38,600 13,980,000 

Kwang-si   77,200 5,142,000 

Kwang-tung  &  Hainan  Is.      99,970 31,865,000 

Kwei-chau    67,160 7,650,000 

Ngan-kwei    59,810 23,671,000 

Shan-si    81,830 12,200,000 

Shan-tung    55,970 38,248,000 

Shen-si   75,270 8,450,000 

Sze-chwan    218,480 68,725,000 

Yun-nan    146,680 12,325,000 


Total  for  China  proper  1,532,420 407,337,000 

The  great  dependencies  of  the  Chinese  empire  are  esti- 
mated to  have  area  and  population  as  follows: 

Area  in 
Square  Miles  Population 

Manchuria   363,610 8,500,000 

Mongolia    1,367,600 2,580,000 

Chinese  Turkestan 550,340 1,200,000 

Tibet   463,200 6,430,000 


Total  dependencies  . . .  .2,744,750 18,710,000 

Total  China  proper. . .  .1,532,420 407,337,000 


Aggregate    4,277,170 426,047,000 


48 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 


The  following  table  of  Roman  Catholic  missions  is  com- 
piled from  the  "Annals  of  the  Propagation  of  the  Faith." 


Province 

Priests 

Schools 

Orphan- 
ages 

Roman 

Foreign 

Native 

Cath'lici 

13 

82 
49 
23 
10 
39 

17 
36 
115 

17 

58 

38 

Statis 

30 

56 

29 
113 
29 
13 
23 

83 
3 

13 

77 
22 
11 
12 
42 

18 
45 

12 

8 

tics  given 

18 

28 

26 
85 

8 

7 
16 

22 

64 
678 
90 
62 
10 
66 

8 

126 

959 

31 

150 

118 

in  Kiang 

91 

125 

100 
438 

58 

36 
207 

155 

1 

51 
44 
7 
5 
16 

4 

18 
100 
11 
5 
10 
-su 
5 
15 

13 
21 
20 
8 
14 

4 

1 

10,500 

145,000 

Fo-kien  and  Formosa,  Dominicans 

Ho-nan,  Milan  For.  Missionary  Society. . . 
Hu-nan,  Ref  ormedFranciscans  August'ns. 
Hu-pei  Reformed  Franciscans    

45,800 

13.300 

5,850 

34,800 

Kan-su  and  Kokonor,  Immaculate  Heart 
of  Mary  Scheutveld  Belgium 

3,000 

16,370 

Kiang-su  Jesuits            

124,000 

1,350 

Kwang-tung  Paris  Miss.  Soc 

42,500 

19,000 

Ngan-hwei  Jesuits        

22,750 

Shan-tung,  Steyl  Miss.  Soc,  Belgium 

Shen-si,  Order  of  Saints  Peter  and  Paul, 
Rome                                

46.400 
30  600 

93,500 

Yun-nan  Paris  Miss  Soc           

10,300 

Hong-kong,  Milan  For.  Miss.  Soc 

Manchuria  Paris  Miss  Soc..          

9,000 
25,900 

Mongolia,  'immaculate  Heart  of  Mary, 

32,000 

Turkestan  111 

112 

Total 

876 

470 

2,573 

372 

731.032 

Protestant  missions  in  China  are  reported  as  follows  in 
the  returns  for  1905-06  as  far  as  available  : 


Names 

OP 

Societies 


«  S 

ll 


^S 


ccO 


§  a 


London  Miss'y  Society 

Amer.  Board  C.  F.  Miss 

Prot.  Episcopal  Miss 

Reformed  Ch.  in  Amer 

♦Germany  Wom.  Soc.  Edn. . 

Am.  Bapt.  Miss.  Union 

Presbyterian  Ch.  in  U.  S.  A. 
South  Baptist  Convention. . . 
Meth.Ep.Ch.  in  U.S.  A.... 

♦Seventh  Day  Baptist 

Presbyterian  Ch.  of  England 

*  No  reports  received. 


1807 
1830 
1835 
1842 
1842 
1843 
1844 
1845 
1847 
1847 
1847 


123 

486 

354 

160 

3,750 

107 

58C 

236 

217 

4,632 

6C 

m 

64 

6(1 

1,766 

22 

86 

4« 

25 

78C 

2 

1 

99 

271 

21C 

66 

1,355 

256 

754 

428 

274 

5,102 

97 

7c 

32 

41 

196 

1,51S 

546 

288 

7,80] 

5 

16 

82 

240 

199 

101 

2,004 

32 


2J,916 

26,815 

4,500 

1,593 

16,220 
16,972 
3,500 

45,828 

10,076 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 


49 


Names 

OF 

Societies 


Rhenish  Miss.  Soc 1S47 

*Meth.  Ep.  Ch.  in  U.  S.  (So)...  1818 
♦Berlin  Women's  Miss.  China  1850 
Wesleyan  Meth.  Miss.  Soc. . . .  1851 

Basel  Miss.  Soc 1852 

Baptist  Miss.  Soc 1859 

*Meth.  New  Connexion 1859 

^urch  Miss.  Soc 1 

tJnit^d  Free  Ch.  of  Scotland..  1 
♦United  Meth.  Free  Church. .  1864 

China  Inland  Miss 1865 

Pres.  Ch.  in  U.  S.  (South).. . .  1867 

Berlin  Miss.  Soc 1867 

♦Pres.  Ch.  Ireland 1 

Soc.  Prop,  of  Gospel 1874 

Ch.  of  Scotland  F.  M 1878 

Woman's  Union  Miss 1881 

Ch.  Eng.  Zenana  Miss 1884 

Gen.  Ev.  Prot.Miss.  (German)  1885 

Christian  (P.  B.)  Miss 1885 

*For  Christ.  Miss.  Soc 1885 

Friends  F.  M.  Assoc 1 

Murray's  Miss,  to  Blind 1 

Seventh  Day  Advent  Miss  .  .1 
Amer.  Friends  F.  M.  Assoc. . .  1 

Chns.  and  Miss.  Alhance 1890 

Swed.  Miss.  Cov.  in  Am 1890 

Swedish  Miss.  Soc.  (Forbund)1890 

German  Miss,  to  Blind 1890 

♦Scandinavian  Alliance 1891 

Meth.  Ch.  in  Canada 1891 

Hauge's  Synod 1892 

Pres.  Ch.  in  Canada 1'"" 

Baptist  Zenana  Miss 1 

Meth.  Protestant 1894 

Free  Methodist 

Danish  Miss.  Soc 1 

Ref.  Ch.  in  U.  S.  (Ger) 1897 

Am.  Advent 1897 

Cumb.  Presby.  Ch 1 

Norwegian  China  Miss 1899 

United  Evangelical 1900 

Ref.  Pres.  Synod 1900 

Pres.  Ch.  New  Zealand 1901 

Finnish  Miss.  Soc 1901 

United  Breth.  Norw.  Soc 1 

Yale  Universitv  Miss 1904 

North  China  Miss 


a  o 


32 
59 
4 
43 
55 
57 
18 

275 
37 
6 

849 
77 
30 
28 
19 
11 
44 
44 
4 
55 
26 
22 

1 

10 
74 
12 
21 
2 
55 
10 
12 
32 
12 
2 
6 
12 
18 
4 
5 

7 
2 
6 
3 

14 
7 

15 


23 


15 


.2  J 

-io 


17 

28 

113 

103 

342 

211 

358 

101 

138 

837 

18 

195 

94 

22 

14 

1 

131 


18 


§■■€ 


543 
1,000 

1,189 
2,171 
1.067 


h,i 


6 
350   8 


2,997 

272 

1,026 

193 


1,074 
200 


277 
50 


200 


360 
100 


11 


l£ 


Total. 


3.146 


8.2431  4.89C  2,282 


46.704) 


312 


♦  No  reports  received. 


V... 


50  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  fob  1907 

Religions:  The  old  religions  of  China  are  Ancestor  wor- 
ship, Animism,  Confucianism,  Taoism  and  Buddhism. 
Estimates  of  the  number  of  adherents  of  each  are  mere 
conjecture,  since  Ancestor-worship,  Taoism,  and  Bud- 
dhism may  be  practised  at  one  time  or  intermittently  by  a 
Chinese,  the  really  permanent  form  of  religious  observance 
being  Ancestor-worship.  In  Mongolia  and  Tibet,  Buddhism 
prevails.  There  are  about  33,000,000  Mohammedans  in 
China,  chiefly  in  Yun-nan,  Kan-su,  and  Shan-tung  provinces. 
Christians  number  about  900,000  (Roman  Catholics,  750,000; 
Protestants,  150,000).  In  the  south  of  China  are  a  consid- 
erable number  of  aboriginal  tribes  who  are  Animists  or  wor- 
shippers of  demons. 

There  is  one  extraordinary  fact  of  the  year  in  China,  and 
that  is  the  sudden  change  of  mind  among  the  literary  class 
with  regard  to  what  constitutes  true  education.  At  the  ex- 
aminations of  the  higher  classes  of  students,  in  place  of 
the  uniform  stock  questions  used  for  centuries  to  test  the 
student's  memory  of  ancient  literature,  a  new  series  of  ques- 
tions has  been  devised  to  compel  thought  on  the  meaning  of 
history  and  on  practical  problems  of  politics.  In  two  of 
the  provinces  the  New  Testament  has  been  adopted  as  a 
text  book  in  the  government  schools.  In  several  places  tem- 
ples have  been  transformed  into  schools,  the  idols  being 
removed  and  broken  up  or  cast  away.  Meantime  10,000 
or  more  young  Chinese  have  gone  to  Japan  for  education  in 
Western  science.  The  greatly  increased  circulation  of 
the  Bible  points  in  the  same  direction.  During  1905  the 
three  Bible  Societies  (BFBS,  NBS,  and  ABS)  circulated  an 
aggregate  of  2,496,310  portions  and  complete  Bibles.  An- 
other token  of  the  times  is  the  gift  of  10,000  taels  ($8,400) 
by  the  Dowager  Empress  to  the  new  Union  Medical  School 
of  the  missions  in  Peking.  The  fact  to  which  these  circum- 
stances point  is  not,  however,  that  China  is  reformed.  What 
has  happened  since  the  Boxer  outbreak  of  1900,  and  the 
Japanese  successes  in  war,  is  that  China  has  become,  for  a 
time,  open  to  Western  influence  as  never  before,  and  that 
Missionaries   are   the   only   Westerners   fully   qualified   by 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  51 

knowledge  of  lang-uage  and  people  to  aid  the  Chinese.  The 
duty  of  the  Christian  Church  is  to  cause  the  people  of  this 
great  land  to  know  Jesus  Christ,  whose  teachings  alone  can 
solve  their  problems.  If  the  Church  rises  to  its  great  op- 
portunity and  leads  the  development  of  China,  the  result 
will  be  in  God's  Providence,  the  development  of  all  Asia 
in  the  same  beneficient  lines  of  righteousness  and  good  wiU 
to  all  men. 

French  India:  Five  towns  in  India  belong  to  France, 
viz. :  Pondicherry  and  Karikal  on  the  East  coast,  Mahe  on 
the  West  coast,  Yanaon  in  the  Godavari  delta,  and  Chandar- 
nagar  in  Bengal.  These,  with  theii'  dependencies,  have  an 
area  of  196  square  miles,  and  a  population  of  (1901)  272,- 
000.  Karikal  has  an  out-station  of  the  Leipzig  Evangelical 
Missionary  Society,  with  158  church  members  under  charge 
of  native  clergymen.  The  Roman  Catholic  missions  are 
under  the  Paris  Society  for  Foreign  Missions,  and  the 
Congregation  of  the  Holy  Ghost  and  Sacred  Heart  of  Mary. 

French  Indo-China:  A  name  applied  collectively  to  the 
French  dependencies  of  Annam,  Cambodia,  Tong-king,  and 
the  Laos  protectorate.  Together,  their  area  is  about  363,000 
square  miles.  PoiDulation,  about  18,000,000.  Religions  (es- 
timated) :  Buddhists,  10,000,000;  Animists,  7,000,000;  Mo- 
hammedans, 60,000;  Christians  (Roman  Catholics),  932,000: 
all  others,  30,000.  The  Roman  Catholic  missions  are  under 
the  charge  of  the  Paris  Society  for  Foreign  Missions  and  the 
Order  of  Dominicans  at  Rome,  and  report  2,454  stations  and 
out-stations,  with  806  priests  (of  whom  400  are  natives), 
and  2,113  schools.  In  1884  there  was  a  massacre  of  the 
missionaries  in  Annam,  in  which  were  slaughtered  23,000 
native  Christians,  16  priests,  60  catechists  (native),  and  270 
native  women  workers. 

In  Annam  there  are  French  Protestant  chaplains  and  col- 
porteurs. The  BFBS,  too,  has  been  allowed  by  the  local 
authorities  to  send  a  French  colporteur  there. 

India:  Includes  all  that  part  of  the  great  Indian  penin- 
sula which  is  directly  or  indirectly  under  British  rule.  The 
term  British  India  includes  the  districts  directly  under  Brit- 


52 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 


ish  rule,  and  does  not  include  native  states  administered  by 
their  own  chiefs  under  supervision  of  British  officials,  nor 
independent  states  which  are  under  British  protectorate. 

Area  and  Population:     The  area  and  population  of  In- 
dia, according  to  the  census  of  1901,  is  as  follows : 

Area  in  Square  Miles  Population 

British   India    1,087,249 231,899,507 

Native  States   679,393 62,461,549 


Total 


.1,766,642 294,361,056 

Religions. 


Hindus 207,146,422 

Mohammedans  . . .   62,458,061 

Buddhists* 9,476,750 

Animists    8,584,349 

Christians 2,923,241 


Sikhs 2,195,268 

Jains    1,334,148 

Parsees    94,190 

Jews    18,228 

All  others 2,686 


*9,184,112  are  in  Burma. 

The  following  table  in  the  main  showing  the  situation  on 
January  1,  1906,  includes  the  principal  Protestant  mis- 
sionary societies  working  in  India: 


Societies 

'§  a 

Is 

-  a 

IS 

li 

, 

te  a 

II 

1 

II 

?! 

>  03 

11 

^ 

li 

ii 

s,§ 

^^ 

zs 

0^^ 

♦Baptist  Missionary  Society.  .-1793 

136 

706 

159 

140 

8,306 

8,870 

London  Missionary  Society. . .  1798 

154 

1,892 

855 

884 

34,398 

31 

112,220 

Church  Missionary  Society. . .  181c 

436 

3.832 

215 

1,387 

59,332 

6 

208,151 

*Amer.  Board  Com.  For.  Miss.lSlc 

H4 

1,202 

512 

407 

16,191 

10 

2 

43,846 

Wesleyan  Meth.  Miss.  Society.  1817 

95 

2,062 

467 

660 

30.460 

15,179 

Society  Prop,  of  Gospel 182] 

United  Free  Church  of  Scot . .  1829 

29t 

2,874 

791 

835 

30,094 

3 

98,278 

172 

246 

m 

286 

15,068 

34 

3 

10.328 

Church  of  Scot.  For.  Missions..  182^ 

8? 

349 

108 

157 

12,493 

9 

10,402 

Presbv.  Church  in  U.  S.  (No.).  183^ 

155 

626 

20C 

20f 

8,564 

24 

1 

16,972 

Basel  Missionary  Society 1834 

160 

794 

13C 

18-! 

13,289 

3 

16,743 

*Free  Baptist  (Eng.) 1836 

28 

67 

12 

36 

400 

3 

1 

1,831 

Christian  (Brethren)  Missions.1836 

74 

No  St 

atistics 

given. 

Ref.  Presbv.  Gen.  Svnod 1837 

2 

^: 

4 

'2 

1,130 

Amer.  Baptist  Miss.  Union. . . .  184C 

332 

3,591 

1,827 

1.479, 

41,363 

11 

207,403 

♦Presbv.  Church  in  Ireland...  1841 

43 

251 

31 

1131  2.000 

1'      1 

5.483 

♦Statistics  of  last  year's  report. 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 


53 


SociETiEB— Continued. 


Welsh  Calvinistic  Meth.  Miss..  1841 

Leipzig  Evang.  Miss.  Soc 1841 

♦Lutheran  Gen.  Synod 1842 

Gossner  Miss.  Society 1844 

*Zenana  Bible  and  Med.  Miss.  1852 
Reformed  Church  in  Amer. 

(Dutch) 1853 

United  Presby.Church  in  U.S.  1855 
Meth.Epis.Church  in  the  U.  S.  1856 

Moravian  Mission 1856 

Presby.  Churchof  England.  . .  1862 
♦Women's  Union  Miss.  Soc. ..  1863 
Danish  Missionary  Society,  .  .  1864 
Hermannsburg  Miss.  Society.  1865 
Fnends  For.  Miss.  Soc.(Eng).  1866 

Baptist  Zenana  Mission 1867 

Furreedpore  Mission 1867 

Baptist  Ont.  and  Quebec .... 

Luth.  General  Council __ 

Loventhal's  Miss.  (Danish). . .  1872 

♦Baptist  Maritime  Prov 1875 

New  Zealand  Bapt.  Miss.  Soc.  1885 
♦Presby.  Church  in  Canada.  .1877 

♦Swedish  (Fosterlands) 1878 

Church  of  Eng.  Zenana  Miss.  1880 

Edinburgh  Med.  Miss 1881 

For.  Christian  Miss.  Society, . .  1882 
Christian  Woman's  Bd.of  Miss.  1883 
Breklum  Missionary  Society. .  1884 
Victorian  Bapt.For.Miss.Soc.  1886 
♦Reformed  Episcopal  Church.  1888 
Christian  and  Miss.  Alliance..  1889 

Kurku  Hill  Mission 1889 

Queensland  Bapt.  Miss.  Soc.  ,1889 
Free  Meth.  Church  of  N.  A....  1891 
Scandinavian  Alliance  N.  A.  .1892 
Seventh  Day  Adventists  Miss,  1893 

Balaghat  Mission 1893 

Poona  and  Indian  Villa.  Miss,  1893 

No,  India  School  of  Med 1894 

Ger.  Evang.  Synod  of  N.  A.  .1895 

German  Bapt,  Brethren 1895 

Amer.  Friends  For.  Missions.  1 
♦Mennonite  Miss.Bd.in  U.  S   .  loyy 
Regions  Beyond  Miss.  Union. ,  1900 
Santhals  Indian  Home  Miss... 
Swedish  Church  Miss.(Kvrkans) 
German  Educ.  Soc.  for  Women 


a  5 


104 

32 
90 
278 
21 
6 
35 
11 
15 
37 


16 

24 

7 

47 

43 

156 

1 

33 

35 

33 

8 

5 

94 
18 
3 
9 
15 
15 
8 
7 
5 


'^"^^^ 3,850  32,654    8,312  10.692  409339 


445 
774 
506 
1,245 
328 

416 

254 

4,513 

29 

1 

87 

64 

146 

45 

241 

9 

257 

248 

46 
16 
88 
38 
744 

127 


1| 


283 
217 
164 
363 


180 
319 

277 


17 

(No 


252 
1 
21 
7 
11 
18 
52 

15 
20 
125 
3 
4 
statist 
6 


234 

230 

64 


184 

182 

1.445 

7 

19 
21 


76 


12 

11 

247 

11 
18 
62 


ics  given,) 


878 
28,000 
6,000 
5,999 


7,909 

8,708 

37,197 

154 


841 
1,437 
1,624 
3,704 

2,351 
5,227 

200 
100 


11,027 


1,245 
1,800 
1,348 


1| 
11 

'a  a 


|| 


30 


35 


340 


295, 


k 


26,787 
21,597 


82,338 


2,676 

18,212 

161,416 

147 


3,290 


1        5, 
14.466 

500 

76 

1,318 

948 


944 

653- 

8,447 


3,088 
295 

100 

13,000 
1.867 


1211,152,847 


♦Statistics  of  last  year's  report 


54  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

The  Roman  Catholic  establishments  in  India  divide  the 
country  into  six  (or,  including  Burma,  seven)  provinces  or 
archbishoprics.  Summary  statistics  of  the  Roman  Church 
in  each  province  are  given  below: 

1.  Verapoli,  including  Travancore,  Cochin,  and  a  part  of 
Malabar.  The  religious  orders  are:  Paris  Foreign  Mission- 
ary Society;  and  Carmelites  of  Rome,  with  106  Missiona- 
ries; 575  native  workers;  891  schools;  27  various  charities, 
and  538,900  Roman  Catholics. 

2.  Pondicherry,  including  the  French  colony  of  this  name, 
with  that  of  Mahe  on  the  western  coast,  Mysore  and  Coorg, 
South  Kanara,  the  Madras  Presidency  as  far  north  as  North 
Arcot.  The  religious  orders  are:  Paris  Foreig-n  Missionary 
Society;  and  the  Jesuits  of  Fiesole  (Florence),  with  168 
missionaries;  89  native  workers;  533  schools;  48  orphan- 
ages and  other  charities,  and  366,400  Catholics. 

3.  Madras,  including  the  remainder  of  the  Madras  Presi- 
dency to  the  border  of  Orissa,  the  native  State  of  Haidara- 
bad,  Berar,  and  the  Central  Provinces.  The  religious  orders 
are:  Milan  Foreign  Missionary  Society;  Mill  Hill  (English) 
Foreign  Missionary  Society;  and  the  Order  of  St.  Francis 
de  Sales  (Annecy),  with  99  missionaries;  44  native  workers; 
200  schools;  30  charities,  and  167,505  Catholics. 

4.  Bombay,  including  the  Deccan,  Khandesh,  and  the 
Western  coast  regions,  with  Sindh  and  Baluchistan.  The 
religious  order  is:  the  Jesuits  of  Fiesole  (Florence),  with  72 
missionaries ;  32  native  workers ;  21  schools ;  4  charities,  and 
29,000  Catholics. 

5.  Agra,  including  the  United  Provinces,  Rajputana,  the 
Punjab,  Kashmir  and  Nepal.  The  religious  orders  are:  the 
Franciscans  (Minor  Capuchins),  Rome;  and  Mill  Hill 
(English)  Foreign  Missionary  Society,  with  35  mission- 
aries; 2  native  workers;  27  schools;  9  charities,  and  7,190 
Catholics. 

6.  Calcutta,  including  Bengal,  Dacca,  Assam,  and  the 
Arakan  coast.  The  religious  orders  are:  the  Society  of  the 
Divine  Savior,  Rome;  Order  of  the  Holy  Cross,  Le  Mans; 
Milan  Foreign  Missionary  Society,  and  the  Jesuits  of  Fie- 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  55 

sole  (Florence),  with  117  missionaries;  27  native  workers; 
182  schools;  32  charities,  and  74,590  Catholics. 

7.  Burma,  with  parts  of  the  Laos  districts  of  Siam.  The 
religious  order  is:  the  French  Foreign  Missionary  Society, 
Paris,  with  70  missionaries;  3  native  workers;  186  schools; 
65  charities,  and  56,600  Catholics. 

A  summary  of  the  Roman  Catholic  statistics  shows:  657 
missionaries;  782  native  workers;  1,940  schools;  205  chari- 
ties, and  1,240,185  Roman  Catholics. 

The  detailed  census  returns  of  India  for  1901  show  the 
total  number  of  Christians  to  be  2,923,241,  of  whom  2,664,- 
313  are  natives  (1,694,000  Roman  Catholics  and  Syrians, 
and  845,000  Protestants).  The  changes  since  the  census  re- 
port of  1891  in  the  native  membership  of  the  greater  re- 
ligious communities  are  as  follows: 

Christians  increased 30  8-10  per  cent. 

(Protestants  increased  43  per  cent.) 

Mohammedans  increased  nearly   9  per  cent. 

Buddhists  increased   (mainly  in  Burma) 32  per  cent. 

Hindus  decreased 6-10  of  1  per  cent. 

Animists  decreased 7  1-2  per  cent. 

A  census  return  is  an  uncertain  basis  for  positive  conclu- 
sions. The  stationary  condition  of  the  Hindu  religious 
community,  for  instance,  may  not  be  used  to  prove  con- 
clusions as  to  any  falling  off  in  religious  ardor  among  them. 
Famine  and  plague  may  explain  the  figures.  Nevertheless, 
a  weakening  of  the  power  of  the  old  Hinduism  is  distinctly 
visible  in  India,  and  is  admitted  by  Hindu  writers,  although 
attendance  at  great  idol  festivals  seems  as  large  and  as 
blindly  enthusiastic  as  ever. 

The  spectacle  of  a  Hindu  College  founded,  in  order  to 
resist  Christianity,  at  the  suggestion  of  an  Englishwoman, 
and  taught  by  English  men  and  English  women,  is  immeas- 
urably shocking  to  those  who  love  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ.  It 
is  one  of  those  acts  whose  reward  is  pictured  as  worse  than 
being  sunk  at  sea  with  a  millstone  tied  to  the  neck.  Yet  even 


56  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

this  spectacle  throws  light  on  the  desperate  condition  of 
Hinduism  today.  The  religion  taught  by  these  foreigners 
is  a  foreign  concoction,  so  thoroughly  repugnant  to  the  mass 
of  Hindus,  that  approaching  ruin  alone  can  have  led  Rajahs 
and  Maharajahs  to  furnish  money  for  the  venture.  Hindu- 
ism would  fain  prop  itself  up  by  means  of  Christianity. 

India  is  a  land  where  Christianity  can  touch  Moham- 
medanism at  many  points,  with  many  weapons,  and  with  the 
argument  shown  by  experience  to  silence  dialectic  quibbles, 
that  is  to  say,  the  argument  of  a  pure  and  godly  life.  Year 
by  year  Mohammedans  are  converted,  not  in  great  numbers, 
but  in  complete  reversal  of  purpose  and  of  standards.  In 
a  land  where  Mohammedans  live  in  the  midst  of  people  who 
reject  the  Arabian  prophet  special  influences  help  to  pre- 
pare the  way  of  the  Lord.  Missionaries  in  India  have  a 
special  responsibility  to  be  prepared,  alert,  eager  to  press 
every  advantage,  knowing  that  every  one  converted  to  Christ 
not  only  reduces  by  so  much  the  Mohammedan  force  in 
Asia,  but  adds  by  so  much  to  the  number  fitted  to  present 
the  Savior  most  winningly  to  Mohammedans. 

Japan:  The  island  empire  of  Eastern  Asia  consists  of  the 
five  principal  islands,  Honshiu  or  Hondo  (the  main  land), 
Kiushiu,  Shikoku,  Hokkaido  or  Yezo,  and  Taiwan  or  For- 
mosa, a  number  of  smaller  islands,  and  the  group  called 
Chishima  or  Kurile  Islands,  Liukiu  (Loochoo),  Ogaswara- 
kima  or  Bonin  Islands,  and  the  Homoto  or  Pescadores  Is- 
lands. Area  (including  Formosa,  13,458  square  miles), 
161,198  square  miles.  Population  (1899),  including  2,705,- 
905  in  Formosa,  47,018,765.  Religions:  Shintoists,  about 
24,900,000;  Buddhists,  19,858,000;  Animists,  2,000,000; 
Christians  (Roman  Catholics,  60,000;  Greek  church, 
27,000;  Protestants,  66,000),  153,000. 

The  Roman  Catholic  missions  in  Japan  are  under  the 
Paris  Society  for  Foreign  Missions  (R.  C).  In  ecclesiastical 
organization  the  Roman  Catholic  Church  in  Japan  is  under 
an  archbishop  residing  in  Tokio,  and  is  divided  into  four 
dioceses,  ^^z,  Hakodate,  Nagasaki,  Osaka,  and  Tokio.  There 
are  243  European  and  33   Japanese    priests,    besides    122 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  57 

women  in  various  orders,  34  Japanese  sisters,  and  268 
catechists.  They  have  46  schools,  with  5,328  pupils,  and  21 
orphanages,  with  1,500  children.  They  have  also  14  dis- 
pensaries to  care  for  the  sick  and  poor.  Formosa  is  eccle- 
siastically dependent  on  Amoy  in  China,  and  its  nine  mis- 
sionaries are  Spanish  Dominicans.  The  whole  number  of 
Roman  Catholics  in  Japan  is  59,437. 

The  Greek  Church  Mission  is  under  Bishop  Nicolai,  for- 
merly chaplain  of  the  Russian  Legation,  who  was  instructed 
in  the  Japanese  language  by  Joseph  Neesima.  The  Greek 
Church  has  260  stations  in  Japan,  with  29,115  communi- 
cants. It  has  a  Theological  Seminary,  a  boys'  boarding 
school  and  2  girls'  schools.  The  pupils  number  about  200. 

The  absorbing  interest  of  life  in  Japan  is  still  the  effects 
of  the  war  with  Russia.  This  war  has  strained  to  the  ut- 
most the  ability  of  Government  and  nation;  has  called  into 
action  courage,  self-control,  devotion  and  other  qualities  of 
the  people,  and  has  opened  the  hearts  of  all  classes  toward 
sincerely  sympathizing  friends.  Thus  it  has  tended  to  bring 
Protestant  missionaries  into  intimate  relations  with  all 
classes  of  the  people.  An  important  incidental  result  of  the 
war  has  been  the  distribution  of  nmnbers  of  Scripture  por- 
tions among  the  Japanese  troops.  A  movement  for  inde- 
pendence of  foreign  aid  in  the  Christian  church  does  not  in 
the  least  discourage  effort  to  keep  the  missions  at  the 
highest  point  of  efficiency  in  order  to  commend  to  the  na- 
tion the  Christ  who  is  their  great  need.  It  might  be  well  if 
Japan,  Korea  and  China  could  be  borne  in  mind  as  having 
a  single  linked  destiny,  and  as  equal  in  their  need  and  in 
their  remarkable  accessibility  at  this  juncture.  Whatever  is 
done  in  one  of  the  three  countries  by  missions  must  affect 
all  of  them.  Especially  is  this  true  in  Japan,  which  is  de- 
stined to  hold  the  admiring  gaze  of  China  and  Korea  for 
some  years  to  come.  Christianity  already  has  a  strong  hold 
upon  the  nation.  The  consequences  would  be  immeasui-able 
if  this  hold  can  be  increased  so  as  to  make  all  Japanese 
influence  on  its  neighbors  become  influence  for  Christ. 

The  following  table  shows  a  list  of  the  Missionary  So- 


58 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 


cieties  of  the  Protestant  Church  working  in  Japan,   with 
their  statistics: 


Names 

OF 

Societies 


i^ 


^5 


SrjO 


li 


Presbyterian  U.  S.  (N) 1859 

Reformed  Church  (Dutch) 1859 

Prot.  Episcopal  Church 1859 

Pres.  Ch.  of  England 1865 

Church  Miss.  Soc 1869 

Am.  Board  C.  F.  Miss 1869 

Worn.  Union  Miss.  Soc 1871 

Am.  Baptist  Miss.  Uni  jn 1872 

Pres.  Church  in  Canada 1872 

Meth.  Ep.  Church  in  U.  S 1873 

Soc.  Propagation  Gospol 1S73 

Cumb.  Presbyterian 1877 

Evang.  Association 1877 

Ref.  Church  in  U.  S.  (Gorman).  .  .1879 

Am.  Friends  F.  M 1880 

Meth.  Church  in  Canada 1882 

For.  Chris.  Miss.  Soc 1883 

Pres.  Ch.  m  U.  S.  (So) 1885 

Germany  Gen.  Ev.  Prot.  M 1885 

Meth.  Ep.  Ch.  U.  S.  A.  (So) 1886 

Christian  Ch.  (U.  S.) 1887 

South  Baptist  Convention 1890 

Universalist  General  Conv 1890 

Scand.  Alliance  (U.  S) 1891 

Lutheran  Ev.  Church 1892 

Christ,  and  Miss.  Alliance 1894 

Salvation  Armv 1895 

Hephzibah  Faith  Miss 1894 

United  Brethren  (U.  S.  A.) 1895 

Seventh  Day  Adventist 1896 

Oriental  Mission 1901 

Free  Meth.  of  N.  A 1903 

Meth.  Protestant 1880 


121 
31 
24 
60 

264 

10' 
34 
71 
73 

126 
70 
27 
31 
54 
12 
40 
31 
28 
8 
35 
14 
18 
10 
12 
10 
6 
82 
10 
14 
8 
66 
18 
20 


1,657 
575 

119 
162 
1191 
132 
778 

48 

3,267 

343 

245 

17 
462 

93 
425 
230 

78 

65 


6,965 

789 

2,400 

5,304 

8.973 
14,389 

2,110 

836 

6,747 

1,910 

876 

8^7 

1,925 

534 

3,105 

1,200 

1,037 

234 

1,417 

513 

263 

174 

319 

166 

190 


311 
100 


346 
965 


Total. 


883 


1,535 


1.214  156  12.295 


5  65.036 


In  addition  to  these  the  Salvation  Army  has  70  officers  in  Japan,  34  Corps  or  Stations  and 
1  Publishing  House. 

Khiva:  A  Russian  dependency  in  Central  Asia.  Area, 
22,320  square  miles.  Population,  about  800,000,  mostly 
Turks,  about  half  of  them  nomad  Turkomans.  Religion: 
Mohammedan.     No  missions  are  allowed  in  Khiva. 

Korea:  The  easternmost  of  the  Mongoloid  Kingdoms  of 
Asia.  Area,  about  82,000  square  miles.  Population  (esti- 
mated), 8,000,000.     Religions:   Buddhists,  1,500,000;   Con- 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  59 

fucianists  and  Ancestor- worshippers,  6,000,000;  Animists, 
430,000;  Christians  (Roman  Catholics,  32,000;  Protestants, 
35,000;  Eastern  Churches,  1,000),  68,000.  The  Roman 
Catholic  Church  of  Korea  was  formerly  under  the  Arch- 
bishop of  Peking.  Since  1831,  however,  it  has  had  a  vicar 
of  its  own,  and  the  missions  have  been  in  charge  of  the 
Paris  Foreign  Missionary  Society.  There  are  39  foreign 
and  9  native  priests,  60  schools,  and  3  orphanages.  The 
Protestant  missions  are  maintained  by  the  Presbyterian 
Churches  of  the  U.  S.,  North  and  South;  the  Methodist 
Episcopal  Churches,  North  and  South;  the  Presbyterian 
Church  of  Canada;  the  Australian  Presbyterian  Church, 
and  the  SPG.  These  societies  together  have  600  stations 
and  out-stations;  158  missionaries;  283  native  workers;  175 
schools;  3,511  scholars;  17  hospitals  and  dispensaries;  3 
publishing  houses,  and  90,000  professed  Christians,  of  whom 
35,000  are  communicants.  The  peculiarity  of  the  nation  is 
its  inability  to  direct  the  course  of  its  own  development. 
Japan  is  now  the  mentor  and  guardian  of  Korea.  But 
Christianity  is  making  steady  progress,  with  this  character- 
istic, that  converts  are  learning  to  maintain  their  own 
church  institutions  and  to  work  to  win  their  neighbors  to 
faith  in  Jesus  Christ. 

Nepal:  An  independent  kingdom  in  the  Himalayas,  be- 
tween Tibet  and  India,  with  Sikkim  on  the  west.  Area,  54,- 
000  square  miles.  Population,  estimated  at  about  4,000,000. 
Religions:  Buddhism,  Animism,  and  Hinduism,  but  the 
proportions  of  these  different  forms  of  religion  are  not 
known.  The  Buddhists  are  said  to  number  about  2,500,000. 
The  ruling  race  is  Hindu  in  religion.  No  foreigners  are  al- 
lowed to  reside  in  Nepal,  and  no  missions  are  known  to  ex- 
ist there. 

Oman:  An  independent  state  in  Arabia.  Area,  82,000 
square  miles.  Population,  about  1,500,000.  Religion :  Mo- 
hammedan. The  Reformed  Church  in  America  has  a  station 
at  Mascat  with  a  married  missionary  and  a  school. 

Persia:  An  empire  of  West  Central  Asia.  Area  (esti- 
mated),  628,000  square     miles.       Population     (estimated, 


60  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

1902),  9,500,000.  Nearly  2,000,000  of  the  population  have 
no  fixed  abode,  but  roam  vacant  sections  of  the  territory  in 
a  pastoral  life  that  is  always  capable  of  being  changed  into 
a  predatory  one.  Religions:  Mohammedans,  9,400,000 
(Shi'ite,  8,700,000;  Sunnite,  700,000);  Jews,  35,000;  Chris- 
tians (Protestants,  6,000;  Roman  Catholics,  14,000;  Eastern 
Churches — ^Nestorian,  Armenian,  Greek— 60,000),  8(0,000; 
Parsees,  9,000.  Roman  Catholic  missions  are  conducted  by 
the  Lazarist  order,  which  has  12  missionaries  in  Persia;  65 
.native  (Armenian  Catholic)  priests;  47  schools,  and  3  or- 
phanages. The  Protestant  missions  are  those  of  the  Pres- 
byterian Church  in  U.  S.  (North) ;  the  Church  Missionary 
Society ;  the  London  Jews  Society,  and  the  Swedish  Mission- 
ary Society  (Forbundets),  which  has  an  orphanage  at 
Salmas.  Altogether,  these  societies  report  183  stations  and 
out-stations;  100  missionaries,  men  and  women;  280  native 
workers;  136  schools;  3,834  scholars;  16  hospitals  and  dis- 
pensaries; 1  printing  house,  and  5,951  professed  Christians, 
of  whom  3,000  are  communicants.  Mohammedanism  in 
Persia  is  torn  by  sectarianism,  and  among  their  sects  the 
Babis  are  making  great  progress.  In  neither  of  the  other 
purely  Mohammedan  countries  is  there  nearly  so  much  lib- 
erty as  in  Persia.  Although  there  is  a  temporary  check 
by  the  issue  of  edicts  against  cii'culation  of  the  Bible,  the 
missions  are  encouraged  to  hope  that  Mohammedan  inquir- 
ers will  not  be  driven  away  by  the  police.  An  outburst  of 
fanaticism  is  always  possible;  and  the  murder  of  an  Amer- 
ican missionary  (Rev.  B.  W.  Labaree)  by  a  Mohammedan 
was  clearly  an  act  of  religious  rancor. 

Russia:  This  great  empire  contains  so  large  a  number  of 
Mohammedans,  Buddhists,  and  pagans,  many  of  them  in  its 
European  dominions,  that  it  seems  desirable  to  include  it 
among  our  summary  descriptions  of  the  extent  and  popu- 
lation of  the  non-Christian  lands. 

Area  in 
Square  Miles  Population 

European  Russia  2,095,616 106,264,000 

Asiatic  Russia   6,564,778 22,697,000^ 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  61 

Religions 

Russian  Church    (including  dissidents) 89,558,000 

Roman  Catholic   11,421,000 

Protestants   3,743,000 

Armenians,  etc 1,221,000 

Total    Christians    105,943,000 

Mohammedans  13,889,000 

Jews    5,189,000 

Buddhists  and  pagans   1,645,000 


126,666,000 


The  above  figures  are  incomplete  and  not  strictly  accurate, 
since  they  include  in  the  Russian  Church  about  12,000,000, 
who  reject  more  or  less  of  its  doctrines.  They  form,  how- 
ever, the  fullest  brief  statement  that  we  can  make  of  this 
great  empire's  religious  divisions. 

Russia  does  not  permit  missionaries  from  abroad  to  reside 
in  or  even  to  enter  her  domains.  A  Swedish  mission  exists 
at  Tiflis  in  the  Caucasus  and  another  in  St.  Petersburg,  but 
only  on  the  ground  that  it  concerns  itself  with  Protestants 
living  in  that  neighborhood.  There  are  also  several  mis- 
sions to  the  Jews  in  European  Russia,  but  these  are  in 
charge  of  Russian  subjects  who  are  converts  from  Judaism. 

The  Russian  Church,  therefore,  is  the  only  agency  for 
evangelizing  the  people  of  the  immense  territories  of  Siberia 
and  Central  Asia.  It  has  a  Society  for  Orthodox  Missions, 
which  was  organized  by  the  Metropolitan  Benjaminoff  of 
Moscow  in  1870,  and  is  supported  by  committees  in  the 
various  sees,  charged  with  raising  money  for  its  support. 
These  committees  raised  $311,570  in  1901.  This  society 
labors  among  the  pagans  and  Mohammedans  of  Siberia,  and 
with  some  success  in  converting  Shamanists  (Animists)  to 
Christianity.  As  in  many  other  Mission  fields,  Buddhists 
and  Mohammedans,  however,  still  present  an  unshaken  front 
to  the  missionaries  of  the  Christian  Church. 

Siam:  A  kingdom  of  South  Eastern  Asia.  Area,  236,000 


62  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

square  miles.  Population,  about  5,000,000.  Religion  esti- 
mated, Buddhists,  3,600,000 ;  Animists,  1,600,000 ;  Protestant 
Chi'istians,  15,000.  It  is  impossible  to  know  accurately  the 
details  of  the  population  owing  to  the  lack  of  any  complete 
census,  and  of  the  power  of  accurate  estimate  among  native 
officials.  Protestant  missions  are  conducted  by  the  Presby- 
terian Church  (North)  of  the  U.  S.,  and  the  American  Bap- 
tist Missionary  Union  (among  the  Chinese  of  Bangkok). 
Together,  these  societies  report  100  stations;  81  missionaries, 
men  and  women ;  61  native  workers ;  27  schools ;  1,030  schol- 
ars; 15  hospitals  and  dispensaries;  2  publication  centers 
and  14,400  professed  Christians,  of  whom  3,250  are  com- 
municants. The  most  progressive  parts  of  the  fields  in 
Siam  are  the  stations  among  the  Laos  in  the  north  and 
among  the  Chinese  of  the  Southern  provinces.  The  SPG 
also  has  1  missionary  working  in  Siam. 

Tibet:  A  dependency  of  China  governed  under  a  Chinese 
Commissioner  by  a  Council  of  Advisers  to  the  Dalai  Lama. 
Area,  463,200  square  miles.  Population,  6,430,000.  Relig- 
ions: Buddhists,  4,000,000;  Animists,  2,300,000;  Moham- 
medans, 100,000;  Roman  Catholic  Christians  (?)  1,000.  The 
eountiy  is  closed  to  the  residence  of  Christians,  and  has  been 
but  little  known.  In  1900  or  1901  the  Russian  Government 
made  a  treaty  through  China,  by  which  it  was  to  have  a 
residency  at  Lhasa,  and  the  Russian  Church  was  to  be  tol- 
erated, and  all  other  Christian  sects  excluded.  In  1903  a 
British  expedition  was  sent  into  Tibet  under  General  Mac- 
Donald,  as  escort  to  Colonel  Younghusband,  who  in  1904 
negotiated  at  Lhasa  a  treaty  giving  Great  Britain  the  right 
of  veto  in  the  foreign  policy  of  Tibet.  The  Dalai  Lama  fled 
before  the  arrival  of  the  Younghusband  expedition.  It  is 
hoped  that  this  treaty  may,  in  due  time,  result  in  the  open- 
ing of  Tibet  to  the  residence  of  Christians.  Meanwhile  a 
considerable  number  of  missionaries  of  several  different 
societies  are  established  close  under  the  Tibetan  frontier  in 
India  and  in  China,  using  every  opportunity  to  reach  Tibet- 
ans who  come  over  the  border  for  trade.  The  natural  line 
of  approach  to  Tibet  for  missionary  agencies  seems  at  pres- 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  63 

ent  to  be  the  approach  through  China.  In  any  case,  the  evan- 
gelization of  Western  China  could  not  fail  profoundly  to 
affect  the  Tibetan  borders. 

Turkey:  The  chief  center  of  Mohammedan  political 
power,  which  has  in  its  domains  a  considerable  part  of  the 
regions  connected  with  Bible  history,  whether  in  Asia,  Af- 
rica or  Europe.  Area  (estimated,  and  including  tributary 
provinces),  1,580,000  square  miles.  Population  (estimated, 
but  omitting  Egypt  and  Tripoli,  which  are  mentioned  in  our 
Africa  section),  29,500,000.  Religions  (estimated)  :  Mo- 
hammedans, 18,594,000;  Jews,  379,000;  Christians  (5,000,- 
000,  at  least,  in  the  tributary  provinces  of  European  Tur- 
key), 10,533,000.  Of  these  about  9,550,000  are  of  the  East- 
ern Churches;  858,000  Roman  Catholics;  100,000  Protes- 
tants. The  non-Mohammedan  subjects  of  Turkey  are  rec- 
ognized by  the  Turkish  Government  as  entitled  to  a  certain 
liberty  of  administration,  and  their  various  groups  are 
styled  "nationalities."  The  sections  of  the  Eastern  Church 
are  the  Greek  Orthodox  Church,  the  Bulgarian  Church,  the 
Jacobite  Church  (Syrian),  and  the  Armenian  Church.  The 
Roman  Catholic  Church  includes  several  groups,  as,  the 
Latins  (descendants  from  ancient  Genoese  and  Venetian  set- 
tlers), the  Greek  Catholics,  Ai-menian  Catholics,  Maronites, 
and  Chaldeans.  The  Protestants  are  mainly  evangelical 
Armenians  or  Greeks.  The  Jews  are  mostly  of  Spanish 
origin,  and  speak  Spanish  among  themselves.  Each  group 
of  these  has  a  patriarch,  or  other  chief  representative,  who 
is,  in  the  eyes  of  the  Turkish  authorities,  a  civil  officer  re- 
sponsible for  the  political  views  and  acts  of  his  people. 

Roman  Catholic  missions  are  carried  on  in  Turkey  by  a 
large  number  of  orders,  as,  the  Society  of  Jesus  from 
France  and  Spain,  the  Franciscans,  the  Benedictines,  Car- 
melites, Trappists,  Lazai-ists,  Augustinians  of  the  Assump- 
tion, Passionists,  Resurrectionists,  Dominicans,  Minor  Ca- 
puchins (reformed),  etc.  There  are  also  a  number  of  com- 
munities, like  the  Christian  Brethren,  devoted  to  education. 
A  considerable  number  of  orders  of  women  are  also  found 
in  Turkey,  either  in  convents  or  connected  with  missions. 


64  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

The  chief  of  these  are  the  Sisters  of  St.  Joseph,  Sisters  of 
Our  Lady  of  Zion,  the  Sisters  of  Charity  of  the  Immaculate 
Conception,  the  orders  affiliated  to  the  Dominicans  and 
Franciscans,  etc.  The  whole  number  of  Roman  Catholic 
missionaries  in  the  Turkish  empire  is  about  2,500,  and 
some  of  their  establishments  in  Syria  and  the  Holy  Land 
have  been  in  existence  300  years  or  more.  The  Protestant 
missionary  societies  in  Turkey  are  the  ABCFM;  the  CMS; 
the  Reformed  Presbyterians  of  North  America;  the  British 
Syrian  Schools;  the  Edinburgh  Medical  Missionary  So- 
ciety; the  Presbyterian  Church  of  the  U.  S.  (North);  the 
Methodist  Episcopal  Church  of  the  U.  S.  (Bulgaria) ;  the 
American  Friends'  Foreign  Mission  Board;  the  RCA;  the 
Seventh  Day  Adventists;  the  Foreign  Christian  Missionary 
Society  (Disciples) ;  the  Baptist  Missionary  Society  (Eng- 
land) ;  the  Church  of  Scotland  Conversion  of  the  Jews  Com- 
mittee; the  London  Jews  Society;  the  United  Free  Church 
of  Scotland  Committee  for  the  Jews,  and  the  British  So- 
ciety for  the  Propagation  of  the  Gospel  among  the  Jews. 
These  societies  report  all  together,  569  stations  and  out- 
stations;  404  missionaries;  1,545  native  workers;  706 
schools;  36,618  scholars;  25  hospitals;  3  publishing  houses, 
and  79,000  professed  Evangelical  Christians,  of  whom 
21,000  are  communicants. 

The  special  interest  attaching  to  missionary  work  in  Tur- 
key arises  from  its  influence  upon  the  very  seat  of  Islam. 
The  missions  which  are  directed  to  the  revival  of  spiritual 
religion  among  Oriental  churches  could  not  be  reckoned 
as  missions  to  non-Christian  peoples,  were  it  not  for  the 
fact  that  the  revival  of  these  churches  would  convince  a 
great  mass  of  Mohammedans  of  their  own  need  of  Christ. 
Meantime  the  Bible  is  being  freely  circulated  among  all 
classes  of  the  people  of  every  creed.  Official  interference 
with  colporteurs  has  this  year  once  more  been  officially 
proved  to  be  a  violation  of  solemn  pledges  of  liberty. 

4.    MALAYSIA 
British  Borneo:    Borneo  is  an  island  properly  to  be  in- 
cluded in  Malaysia.    A  narrow  territory  on  the  north  and 


The  Blue  Book  op  Missions  for  1907  65 

northwestern  part  of  the  island,  embracing  about  96,000 
square  miles,  is  reckoned  as  British  territory,  being  directly 
or  indirectly  under  British  Government.  The  population  is 
about  845,000.  The  remainder  of  the  island,  reckoned  at 
212,737  square  miles,  and  containing  about  1,100,000  people, 
is  a  part  of  the  Dutch  East  Indian  possessions,  and  its  pop- 
ulation is  included  in  that  of  the  Dutch  East  Indies.  The  re- 
ligions in  British  Borneo  are  (estimated)  :  Animists,  500,- 
000;  Mohammedans,  345,000;  Christians  (Roman  Catholics, 
1,500;  Protestants,  3,500),  5,000.  The  Roman  Catholic  mis- 
sions have  12  priests,  10  schools,  and  5  orphanages  or  other 
charitable  works.  The  Protestant  missionaries  are  under 
the  SPG  and  the  ME,  and  have  4  stations  and  out-stations; 
15  missionaries,  men  and  women;  57  native  workers;  12 
schools;  913  scholars,  and  4,886  professed  Christians,  of 
whom  1,243  are  communicants.  The  missionary  statistics  of 
the  Dutch  portion  of  the  island  will  be  given  under  the  title 
of  Dutch  East  Indies. 

Dutch  East  Indies  {Nederlandsch  Oost  Indie)  :  A  pos- 
session of  Holland  in  Malaysia,  acquired  through  its  East 
India  Company  formed  in  1602.  It  consists,  according  to 
the  official  organization,  of:  1.  Java  and  Madura,  a  small 
island  near  Java,  and  2,  the  Outposts,  namely  Sumatra 
and  adjacent  islands,  Borneo,  Celebes,  the  Molucca  islands, 
the  Sunda  islands,  and  a  part  of  New  Guinea. 

Area  (omitting  New  Guinea,  which  is  separately  men- 
tioned), about  584,611  square  miles.  Population  (estimated, 
or  rather  conjectured  in  respect  to  Borneo  and  the  less 
known  islands),  34,000,000.  Religions  (also  estimated)  : 
Mohammedans,  20,000,000;  Animists,  12,000,000;  Buddhists 
and  Confucianists,  480,000;  Hindus,  27,000;  Jews,  1,000; 
Christians,  430,000  (Protestants,  380,000;  Roman  Catholics, 
50,000).  The  Roman  Catholics  are  under  the  Apostolic 
Vicar  of  Batavia.  There  are  83  stations  and  out-stations; 
50  foreign  priests;  29  schools,  and  6  orphanages.  The  mis- 
sionaries are  from  the  Foreign  Missionary  Society  of  Paris. 
The  Protestants  of  the  Dutch  East  Indies  are  for  the  most 
part  connected  with  the  Dutch  Church  of  the  colony,  their 


66  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

pastors  being  paid  by  the  Government,  and  a  large  number 
of  their  members  being  the  descendants  of  the  Christians 
made  Protestants  in  the  17th  and  18th  centuries.  Protes- 
tant Missionary  Societies  now  laboring  in  the  islands  are  the 
Netherlands  Missionary  Society,  the  Rhenish  Missionary  So- 
ciety, the  Netherlands  Mennonite  Society,  the  Java  Com- 
mittee, the  Netherlands  Missionary  Union,  the  Netherlands 
Reformed  Church,  the  Utrecht,  the  Basel,  the  ME,  the  Neu- 
kirchen  Missionary  Societies,  and  the  Sangir  and  Talaut 
Island  Committee  of  Batavia.  Incomplete  returns  from 
these  societies  show  that  they  have  521  stations  and  out-sta- 
tions; 269  missionaries;  592  native  workers;  492  schools; 
23,168  scholars;  3  hospitals  and  dispensaries,  and  148,708 
professed  Christians.  A  feature  of  interest  and  importance 
in  missions  in  the  Dutch  East  Indies  is  the  number  of  Mo- 
hammedans converted  in  Java,  Sumatra  and  other  islands. 
The  Rhenish  Missionary  Society  reports  158  Mohammedans 
baptized  in  1905,  and  767  Mohammedans  under  instruction 
as  candidates  for  baptism.  The  Netherlands  Society  re- 
ports 93  Mohammedans  baptized  by  its  missionaries  in  Java 
during  1905.  It  is  estimated  that  the  number  converted 
from  Mohammedanism  in  the  whole  field  during  the  last 
thirty  yeai-s  exceeds  20,000. 

Malay  Peninsula  or  Malacca:  The  most  southern  por- 
tion of  Continental  Asia.    It  comprises: 

1.  Federated  Malay  States:  A  British  protectorate  in  the 
Malay  Peninsula,  comprising  Perak,  Selangor,  Negri,  Seru- 
bilan,  and  Pahang.  Area,  26,000  square  miles.  Population 
(1901),  678,595,  of  whom  312,486  are  Malays;  299,739 
Chinese;  58,211  natives  of  India,  and  about  3,000  Euro- 
peans, Americans  and  Eurasians.  Religions:  The  prevail- 
ing religion  of  the  Malay  States  is  Mohammedanism,  with  a 
considerable  number,  however,  of  Animists  or  demon  wor- 
shippers in  the  hill  country  of  the  interior.  No  statistics 
that  are  more  than  a  bare  conjecture  seem  to  exist  as  to  the 
numbers  attached  to  one  religion  or  the  other. 

2.  Straits  Settlements:  A  British  crown  colony  in  South- 
eastern Asia,  which  comprises  Singapore,  Penang  and  Ma- 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  67 

lacca.  The  government  of  Penang  includes  Province  Wel- 
lesley  and  the  Bindings,  and  that  of  Singapore  includes 
Christmas  Island.  Area,  about  1,542  square  miles.  Popula- 
tion (1901),  572,000,  of  whom  281,983  are  Chinese;  215,058 
Malays,  and  57,150  natives  of  India.  Religion:  Moham- 
medanism is  the  prevailing  religion  of  the  Malays  of  the 
Straits  Settlements;  precise  indications  lack,  however,  as 
to  the  number  of  Mohammedans.  Roman  Catholics  in  the 
Malay  Peninsula  (south  of  the  Siamese  territory),  number 
20,000.  Of  this  number  15,000  are  under  the  see  of  Malacca, 
and  5,000  under  that  of  Macao,  China.  The  Roman  Catholic 
missions  are  committed  to  the  Paris  Foreign  Missionary 
Society.  There  are  32  foreign  and  2  native  priests;  25 
schools,  and  43  charities  of  various  kinds.  Protestant  mis- 
sions are  carried  on  by  the  SPG,  the  Church  of  England 
Zenana  Missionary  Society,  the  Presbyterian  Church  of 
England,  the  "Brethren,"  and  the  Methodist  Episcopal 
Church  in  the  U.  S.  All  together,  these  agencies  report  69 
stations  and  out-stations;  49  missionaries,  men  and  women; 
265  native  workers ;  38  schools ;  4,087  scholars ;  1  publishing 
establishment,  and  4,310  professed  Christians,  of  whom 
2,862  are  communicants.  The  large  Chinese  population  has 
made  Singapore  from  early  times  an  important  center  for 
work  among  Chinese.  It  is  now  becoming  a  very  important 
distributing  center  of  the  British  and  Foreign  Bible  So- 
ciety.   Bibles  in  Malay  dialects  find  increasing  sale  there. 

New  Guinea:  An  island  also  called  Papua,  lying  east- 
ward of  and  partly  included  in  the  Dutch  East  Indies. 
Area,  about  312,329  square  miles;  of  this  area  151,789 
square  miles  forming  the  western  half  of  the  island  is  Dutch 
territory,  a  section  containing  90,540  square  miles  belonging 
to  Great  Britain,  and  the  Northeastern  part  of  the  island 
containing  with  adjacent  islands  70,000  square  miles,  has 
been  occupied  by  Germany,  and  has  been  given  the  name  of 
Kaiser  Wilhelm's  Land.  Population:  The  population  of 
the  island  is  estimated,  or  rather  conjectured,  to  be  as  fol- 
lows: Dutch  possessions,  200,000;  British  possessions,  350,- 
000;  German  possessions,  110,000.     Religions:    The    Ani- 


68  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

mistie  paganism  of  Melanesia  is  the  religion  of  the  people. 
There  are  (including  the  small  islands)  about  7,000  Chris- 
tians (Protestants,  3,000;  Roman  Catholics,  4,000).  The 
Roman  Catholic  missions  are  in  that  part  of  the  island  lymg 
outside  of  the  control  of  Holland,  and  are  carried  on  by 
missionaries  of  the  Congregation  of  the  Sacred  Heart  (from 
Issoudun),  who  report  18  priests  and  29  schools.  Protes- 
tant missions  are  maintained  by  the  Utrecht  Missionary 
Society  in  Dutch  New  Guinea,  with  6  stations  and  out- 
stations;  5  missionaries;  5  native  workers;  3  schools;  145 
scholars,  and  313  baptized  Christians.  In  German  New 
Guinea,  the  Rhenish  and  the  Neuendettelsau  Societies  are 
established,  with  14  stations;  38  missionaries,  men  and 
women ;  12  schools,  and  494  scholars ;  in  British  New  Guinea 
and  adjacent  islands  are  the  London  Missionary  Society, 
the  SPG,  and  the  Australian  Wesleyan  Missionary  Society, 
with  25  stations  and  out-stations;  32  missionaries,  men  and 
women;  162  native  workers;  54  schools;  2,088  scholars,  and 
3,046  professed  Christians,  of  whom  1,188  are  communi- 
cants. New  Guinea  is  a  hard  and  dangerous  field,  of 
which  the  evangelization  has  cost  heavily.  Yet  there  is 
steady  progress  in  winning  attention  from  the  tribes  along 
the  coast.  The  interior  of  the  island  is  still  very  much  of 
an  unknown  land.  A  new  auxiliary  to  missionary  opera- 
tions in  New  Guinea  is  the  Papuan  Industries  Association, 
a  purely  business  enterprise  for  developing  the  abilities  of 
the  people  who  accept  Christianity, 

Philippine  Islands:  An  American  possession  in  Ma- 
laysia, comprising  about  1,725  islands.  Area,  about  122,000 
square  miles.  Population  (1903),  7,572,000.  Religions: 
Christians,  6,967,000  (Roman  Catholics,  3,940,000;  Inde- 
pendent Catholics,  3,000,000;  Protestants,  27,000);  Moham- 
medans, 270,000;  Buddhists  and  Confucianists,  75,000;  Ani- 
mists,  260,000.  Protestant  missionary  enterprises  are  car- 
ried on  in  several  of  the  islands  by  the  Presbyterian  Church 
of  the  U.  S.  (North) ;  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  of 
U.  S.;  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church;  the  ABMU;  the 
Woman's  Association  of  the  United  Brethren;  the  FCM  So- 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  69 

ciety  (Disciples);  the  ABCFM,  and  the  SDA.  All  to- 
gether these  societies  report  212  stations  and  out-stations; 
107  missionaries,  men  and  women;  330  native  workers;  13 
schools,  with  509  scholars;  8  hospitals  and  dispensaries;  2 
publication  houses,  and  33,961  professed  Evangelical  Chris- 
tians, of  whom  12,000  are  communioants. 

5.  OCEANIA 

Hawaii:  A  territory  of  the  United  States,  formerly 
known  as  the  Sandwich  Islands.  Area  of  the  islands,  5,000 
square  miles.  Population  (1900),  154,000,  of  whom 
29,834  are  native  Hawaiians.  The  remainder  of  the  popula- 
tion is  composed  of:  Whites,  28,533;  Chinese,  25,852;  Jap- 
anese, 60,000,  with  a  considerable  number  of  Koreans  and 
Filipinos  and  other  islanders.  Religions:  Christians,  63,- 
000  (Protestants,  27,000;  Roman  Catholics,  30,000;  Mor- 
mons, 6,000);  Buddhists,  55,000,  and  Confucianists,  25,000; 
others,  11,000. 

Melanesia:  The  islands  of  the  South  Pacific,  inhabited  by 
people  marked  by  the  Papuan  type,  and  lying  east  of  New 
Guinea  and  Australia,  and  west  of  Fiji.  The  chief  groups 
are  Bismarck  Archipelago,  the  Solomon,  the  Banks,  the 
Torres,  the  Santa  Cruz,  the  New  Hebrides,  and  the  Loyalty 
Islands,  with  New  Caledonia.  There  are  about  250  islands 
in  Melanesia,  of  which  the  largest  are  in  the  Bismarck  Ar- 
chipelago and  in  the  Solomon  group.  The  Bismarck  Archi- 
pelago and  the  western  section  of  the  Solomon  islands  are 
under  German  control.  The  New  Hebrides  group  is  jointly 
protected  by  France  and  England.  The  eastern  section  of 
the  Solomon  Islands,  the  Banks,  and  the  Santa  Cruz  Islands 
are  ruled  by  Great  Britain.  Population  (estimated),  about 
475,000.  Religion:  Animists,  420,000;  Christians,  55,000 
(Protestants,  30,000;  Roman  Catholics,  25,000).  Roman 
Catholic  missions  are  carried  on  by  the  Congregation  of  the 
Sacred  Heart  of  Mary  from  Issoudun,  with  about  12  priests 
in  the  Solomon  Islands.  Protestant  missions  in  the  New 
Hebrides,  excepting  three  northern  islands,  occupied  by  the 


70  The  Blue  Book  op  Missions  for  1907 

Melanesian  Mission,  are  under  the  Presbyterian  New  Heb- 
rides Mission,  with  39  missionaries,  men  and  women,  and 
over  300  native  workers  conducting  work  in  126  places,  with 
200  schools;  5,000  scholars,  and  about  8,000  professed  Chris- 
tians, of  whom  3,000  are  communicants.  In  the  North  and 
West  of  Melanesia  the  Melanesian  Mission  of  the  Anglican 
Church  conducts  missionary  work  on  30  islands,  with  37 
missionaries,  men  and  women;  702  native  workers;  289 
schools;  18,690  scholars,  and  about  13,000  professed  Chris- 
tians, of  whom  2,500  are  communicants.  The  Australian 
Methodists  also  have  stations  in  one  of  the  Solomon  Islands 
and  in  the  Bismarck  Archipelago. 

In  the  Loyalty  Islands  (French)  the  LMS  has  a  mission- 
ary and  his  wife,  with  399  native  workers  and  5,988  pro- 
fessed Christians,  of  whom  2,190  are  communicants.  The 
Paris  Evangelical  Missionary  Society  has  a  mission  on 
Mare  in  the  Loyalty  Islands  and  in  New  Caledonia,  with  1 
missionary  and  40  native  workers,  who  are  mostly  from  the 
Loyalty  Islands.  The  number  of  native  professed  Chris- 
tians is  5,000. 

Micronesia:  A  name  applied  to  groups  of  small  islands 
in  the  Western  part  of  the  North  Pacific,  including  the 
Caroline  Islands,  the  Ladrone  Islands,  the  Marshall  Islands, 
and  the  Gilbert  Islands.  The  three  gTOups  first  named  are 
a  German  possession,  with  the  exception  of  the  island  of 
Guam,  which  belongs  to  the  United  States.  The  Gilbert 
Islands  are  under  British  control.  The  Ladrone  Islands  are 
very  small,  their  population  being  2,000. 

1.  The  Caroline  Islands  are  500  or  more  in  number  and 
their  population  is  (estimated)  140,000.  To  the  west  of  the 
Carolines  are  the  Pelew  Islands,  about  26  in  number,  of 
which  the  population  is  included  in  that  of  the  Carolines. 

2.  The  Marshall  Islands  are  in  two  chains  of  24  lagoon 
islands,  and  a  number  of  islets.  Population  (estimated), 
15,000. 

3.  The  Gilbert  Islands  number  16  atolls,  and  their  popu- 
lation  is  reckoned  at  35,000.  Religions  found  in  Micronesia : 
Pagan,  about  160,000;  Christians,  30,000  (Roman  CathoHes, 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  71 

12,000;  Protestants,  18,000).  The  Roman  Catholic  missions 
in  these  islands  are  carried  on  by  the  Order  of  the  Sacred 
Heart  from  Issodun.  The  reports  are  conflicting,  but  there 
seem  to  be  11  priests.  The  Protestant  missions  are  carried 
on  by  the  ABCFM,  which  reports  67  stations;  25  mission- 
aries; 197  native  workers;  99  schools;  4,262  scholars,  and 
17,000  professed  Christians,  of  whom  7,670  are  communi- 
cants. The  LMS  has  a  station  in  the  Southern  Gilbert 
group,  mentioned  below  under  the  head  of  Polynesia. 

Polynesia:  Includes  the  islands  of  the  Pacific  Ocean  ly- 
ing east  of  Australia,  New  Guinea,  Melanesia,  and  Micron- 
esia, and  north  of  New  Zealand.     The  principal  groups  are: 

1.  The  Fiji  Islands,  a  British  colonial  possession,  compris- 
ing 200  islands.  Area  (including  Rotuma),  8,045  square 
miles.  Population  (1901),  117,870,  of  whom  about  2,500 
are  Europeans,  94,400  Fijians,  and  17,000  Indians.  Re- 
ligion: Christians,  100,864  (Roman  Catholics,  9,338;  Protes- 
tants, 91,526)  ;  Hindus  and  other  pagans,  17,000.  The 
Roman  Catholic  missions  are  conducted  by  13  Marist  priests. 
Protestant  missions  were  carried  on  for  many  years  by  the 
Wesleyan  Missionary  Society,  and  are  now  under  charge  of 
the  Australian  Methodist  Missionary  Society.  The  SPG  also 
has  3  missionaries  there. 

2.  The  Samoan  Islands,  under  protectorate  of  Germany, 
with  the  exception  of  three  small  islands,  which  are  depend- 
encies of  the  United  States.  Area,  about  1,100  square  miles. 
Population,  38,500.  Religion:  Christians  (Protestants,  34,- 
500;  Roman  Catholics,  4,000).  The  largest  and  oldest  Prot- 
estant mission  is  that  of  the  London  Missionary  Society, 
with  18  missionaries,  men  and  women  (including  wives  of 
missionaries) ;  412  native  workers;  205  schools;  8,052  schol- 
ars, and  34,167  professed  Christians,  of  whom  8,601  aro 
communicants.  The  Seventh  Day  Adventists  and  the  Sal- 
vation Army  also  have  work  in  Samoa.  The  Australasian 
Methodists  have  a  mission  in  the  islands  with  about  2.0'^'' 
adherents. 

3.  The  Cook  or  Hervey  Islands:  A  dependency  of  N 
Zealand.    Area^  including  Niue  or  Savage  Island  south  ox 


72  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Samoa,  280  square  miles.  Population,  about  12,000.  Prot- 
estant missions  in  these  islands  have  been  carried  on 
by  the  LMS,  which  has  there  10  missionaries,  men  and  wom- 
en; 67  native  workers;  26  schools;  2,274  scholars,  and 
10,162  professed  Christians,  3,554  being  communicants. 

4.  The  Ellice  and  the  Tokelau  Islands  (under  British  con- 
trol) ;  Area  of  Ellice  Islands,  14  square  miles.  Population, 
2,400.  Area  of  Tokelau  Islands,  7  square  miles.  Popula- 
tion, 1,050.  These,  with  some  of  the  islands  of  the  Gilbert 
group,  have  been  evangelized  by  the  London  Missionary  So- 
ciety, which  has  in  that  field  1  missionary  and  his  wife;  52 
native  workers;  12  schools;  1,643  scholars,  and  8,215  pro- 
fessed Christians,  of  whom  3,503  are  communicants. 

5.  The  Tonga  or  Friendly  Islands:  A  British  protector- 
ate, ruled  by  a  native  king.  Area,  390  square  miles.  Popu- 
lation (1901),  18,959,  of  whom  18,300  are  natives  and  360 
are  Europeans  and  half  breeds.  The  islands  were  evange- 
lized by  the  Wesleyan  Missionary  Society,  and  are  now  one 
of  the  fields  of  the  Australian  Methodist  Missionary  So- 
ciety.   About  2,000  of  the  people  are  Roman  Catholics. 

6.  The  (French  Polynesia)  Society  Islands,  with  Tahiti 
for  the  largest  island,  including  the  Leeward  Islands;  the 
Tuamotu  Islands;  the  Austral  Islands;  the  Gamhier  Islands, 
and  the  Marquesas.  Their  aggregate  area  is  about  1,520 
square  miles,  and  their  population  about  29,000.  The  relig- 
ion is  Christianity  (Roman  Catholics.  16,000  and  Protes- 
tants, 9,800).  The  Roman  Catholic  missionaries  are  of 
the  Order  of  the  Sacred  Heart  of  Jesus  and  Mary.  They 
have  18  priests  and  52  schools.  The  Protestant  missions  are 
maintained  by  the  Paris  Evangelical  Missionary  Society, 
which  has  58  stations  and  out-stations;  10  missionaries;  44 
native  workers;  3  schools;  507  scholars,  and  8,110  pro- 
fessed Christians,  of  whom  4,427  are  communicants.  Mor- 
mons are  active  in  the  Protestant  islands. 

The  missionary  enterprise  in  Polynesia  stands  for  one  of 
the  earliest  compassionate  efforts  of  Western  Christendom. 
The  people  were  savages  in  different  degi-ees  of  brutaliza- 
tion,  and  they  therefore  needed  to  hear  of  the  Christ  and 


The  Blue  Book  op  Missions  for  1907  73 

His  rule  of  manhood.  By  much  devotion,  with  not  a  little 
sacrifice  of  life,  these  distant  groups  of  islands  have  been 
changed  so  that  many  of  them  play  a  tangible  part  in  the 
work  of  the  commercial  world.  A  fact  not  to  be  overlooked  is 
the  part  which  the  Christianized  islanders  have  taken  too  in 
the  work  of  evangelizing  neighbors.  Men  from  Samoa  were 
pioneer  missionaries  in  the  New  Hebrides,  and  men  from 
Fiji,  Samoa,  and  Loyalty  Islands  are  to-day  working  as  mis- 
sionaries in  New  Guinea. 

The  Largest  Cities  in  the  Foreign  Mission  Field 

EUROPE 

Bulgaria. 

Sofia 1900*  67,920 

Greece. 

Athens 1896  111,486 

Italy. 

Naples  1901  563,731 

Milan 1901  491,460 

Rome 1901  463,000 

Turin    1901  335,639 

Palermo    1901  310,352 

Genoa   1901  234,800 

Florence   1901  204,950 

Bologna    1901  152,009 

Venice   1901  151,841 

Messina 1901  149,823 

Catania 1901  149,694 

Leghorn 1901  98,505 

Ferrara   1901  87,697 

Padua 1901  82,283 

Bari  1901  79,693 

Lucca   1901  74,718 

Verona   1901  74,261 

Alessandria 1901  71,293 

Brescia   .1901  70,618 

^Pftte  of  census  or  estimate. 


74  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Modena   1901  64,941 

Ravenna 1901  63,839 

Perugia   1901  61,453 

Pisa 1901  61,279 

Trapani    1901  60,257 

Reggio  1901  59,176 

Ancona 1901  56,825 

Cagliari 1901  53,734 

Foggia 1901  53,351 

Malta. 

LaValetta    est.  62,152 

Roumania. 

Bucharest    1899  282,071 

Jassy   1899  78,067 

Galatz 1899  62,678 

Servia. 

Belgrade est.  69,097 

Turkey. 

Constantinople  est.  1,125,000 

Spain. 

Madrid  1897  512,150 

Barcelona 1897  509,589 

Valencia 1897  204,768 

Seville 1897  146,205 

Malaga   1897  125,579 

Murcia 1897  108,408 

Zaragoza   1897  98,188 

Carthagena  1897  86,245 

Granada  1897  75,054 

Bilbao 1897  74,093 

Cadiz   1897  70,177 

Valladolid  1897  68,746 

Palma  1897  62,525 

Jeres   1897  60,004 

Lorea 1897  59,624 

Cordoba 1897  57,313 

Santander  1897  50,640 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  75 

ASIA 
Bokhara. 

Bokhara    est.  75,000 

Ceylon. 

Colombo   1901  158,093 

China* 

Canton  est.  1,600,000 

Peking   est.  1,000,000 

Shanghai   est  380,000 

Hankow est.  300,000 

Fuchau   est.  636,000 

Amoy  est.  96,000 

Hong-kong est.  283,975 

Chengtu-fu    est.  800,000 

Dutch  East  Indies. 

Surabaya 1897  142,980 

Batavia    1897  115,567 

Samarang   1897  84,266 

India. 

Calcutta    1901  1,125,000 

Bombay   1901  776,000 

Madras   1901  509,346 

Haidarabad   1901  448,466 

Lueknow   1901  264,049 

Rangoon    1901  234,881 

Benares    1901  209,331 

Delhi    1901  208,575 

Lahore    1901  202,964 

Cawnpur    1901  197,170 

Agra   1901  188,022 

Ahmadabad    1901  185,889 

Mandalay    1901  183,816 

Allahabad    1901  172,032 

Amritsar   1901  162,429 

Jaipur   1901  160,167 

*  A  great  number  of  towns  and  cities  in  this  country  are  entitled 
by  their  population  to  mention,  but  are  omitted  because  statistics 
Jack,  guesses  being  generally  substituted  for  the  census. 


76  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Bangalore  1901  159,046 

Howrah    1901  157,594 

Poona  1901  153,320 

Patna    1901  134,785 

Bareilli  1901  131,208 

Nagpur   1901  127,734 

Srinagar   1901  122,618 

Surat   1901  119,306 

Meerut 1901  118,129 

Karachi  1901  116,163 

Madura 1901  105,984 

Trichinopoli   1901  104,721 

Baroda    1901  103,790 

Pashawar 1901  95,147 

Dacca   1901  90,542 

Jabalpur   1901  90,316 

Lashkar    1901  89,154 

Rawalpindi  1901  87,688 

Multan    1901  87,394 

Mirzapur   1901  79,862 

Ambala   1901  78,638 

Rampur    1901  78,758 

Bhopal   1901  77,023 

Calicut 1901  76,981 

Shahjahanpur  1901  76,458 

Bhagalpur    1901  75,760 

Sholapur  1901  75,288 

Moradabad  1901  75,128 

Faizabad  1901  75,085 

Ajmer    1901  73,829 

Gaya 1901  71,288 

Salem   1901  70,621 

Aligarh   1901  70,434 

Mysore   1901  68,111 

Jalandhar   1901  67,735 

Farukhabad 1901  67,338 

Imphal   , 1901  67,093 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  77 

Saharanpur  1901  66,254 

Darbhangah 1901  66,244 

Gorakhpur  1901  64,148 

Jodpur   1901  60,437 

Hubli    1901  60,214 

Muttra 1901  60,042 

Combaconam    1901  59,673 

Moulmein    1901  58,446 

Bellary  1901  58,247 

Sialkot   1901  57,956 

Trivandrum   1901  57,882 

Tanjore   1901  57,870 

Negapatam    1901  57,190 

Alwar   1901  56,771 

Jhansi 1901  55,724 

Navanagar    1901  53,844 

Patiala    1901  53,545 

Coimbatore   1901  53,080 

Bikanir 1901  53,075 

Cuddalore   1901  52,216 

Kolhapur  1901  51,373 

Cuttack   1901  51,346 

Japan. 

Tokio  1898         1,440,121 

Osaka   1898  821,235 

Kioto  1898  353,139 

Nagoya    1898  244,145 

Kobe 1898  215,780 

Yokohama    1898  193,762 

Hiroshima 1898  122,306 

Nagasaki    1898  107,422 

Kanazawa    1898  83,662 

Sendai   1898  83,325 

Hakodati  1898  78,040 

Fukuoka   1898  66,190 

Korea. 

Seoul   1901  196,646 


78  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Malay  States. 

Kuala  Lumpor   ( Selangor ) 1901  77,234 

Persia. 

Teheran    est.  250,000 

Tabriz    est.  180,000 

Ispahan   est.  80,000 

Kerman   est.  70,000 

Philippine  Islands. 

Manila    1902  297,154 

Eussia  in  Asia. 

Tiflis 1897  160,645 

Tashkend 1897  156,414 

Astrakhan  1897  112,880 

Baku  1897  112,253 

Kokand   1897  82,054 

Yekaterinoslav  1897  65,697 

Namangan   1897  61,906 

Samarkand   1897  54,900 

Tomsk   1897  52,430 

Irkutsk 1897  51,434 

Siam. 

Bangkok    1900  600,000 

Turkey. 

Smyrna    est.  201,000 

Baghdad est.  145,000 

Damascus   est.  140,000 

Aleppo    est.  127,150 

Beirut   est.  118,800 

Salonica    est.  105,000 

Adrianople    est.  81,000 

Brusa est.  76,303 

Cesarea  est.  72,000 

Kerbela    est.  65,000 

Mosul est.  61,000 

Mecca est.  60,000 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  19Q7  79 

AFRICA 

Algeria. 

Algiers   1899  96,784 

Oran   1899  85,081 

British  East  Africa. 

Zanzibar  est.  55,000 

Cape  Colony. 

Cape   Town 1902  167,000 

Egypt. 

Cairo 1897  570,062 

Alexandria 1897  319,766 

Tanta   1897  57,289 

Mauritius. 

Port  Louis 1901  52,749 

Morocco. 

Fez  est.  140,000 

Natal 

Durban 1902  60,446 

Nigeria. 

Kano  est.  100,000 

Bida  est.  90,000 

Ilorin   est.  50,000 

Yakoba  est.  50,000 

Transvaal. 

Johannesburg 1896  102,078 

Tunis. 

Tunis   1901  170,000 

AMERICA 

Argentina. 

Buenos  Aires 1901  836,381 

Rosario  .1901  112,461 

Brazil. 

Rio  de  Janeiro 1900  750,000 

Bahia 1890  174,412 

Pernambuco 1890  111,556 


80  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Sao  Paolo 1890  64,934 

Ouro  Preto 1890  59,249 

Porto  Alegre 1890  52,421 

Belem 1890  50,064 

Colombia. 

Bogota  1886  120,000 

Venezuela. 

Caracas 1894  72,429 

Peru. 

Lima   est.  100,000 

Chile. 

Santiago 1900  291,725 

Valparaiso   1900  135,674 

Mexico. 

Mexico  1900  402,000 

Puebla   1900  88,684 

Guadalajara       1900  83,934 

San  Luis  Potosi 1900  69,050 

Leon 1900  58,426 

Uruguay. 

Montevideo   1895  215,069 

West  Indies. 

Port  of  Spain  (Trinidad) 1901  55,000 

PROGRESS  IN  THE  MISSION  FIELD 

Some  nineteen  hundred  years  ago,  honest  uncertainty  as 
to  how  the  missionary  enterprise  should  be  classed  was  ex- 
pressed by  Gamaliel  in  his  memorable  speech  about  the  mis- 
sion at  Jerusalem.  After  Peter  and  the  other  apostles  had 
been  sent  out  of  the  Council  Hall  for  a  little  while,  he  said : 
"Refrain  from  these  men  and  let  them  alone;  for  if  this 
counsel  or  this  work  be  of  men,  it  will  be  overthrown;  but 
if  it  be  of  God,  ye  will  not  be  able  to  overthrow  them;  lest 
haply  ye  be  found  even  to  be  fighting  against  God."  What 
the  great  Pharisee  referred  to  in  this  uncertain  way,  as  a 
"counsel"  or  perhaps  a  "work"  was  nothing  more  nor  less 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  81 

than  the  proclamation  of  the  gospel  of  Jesus  Christ  among 
the  people,  to  the  perplexity  and  dismay  of  the  Jewish 
leaders.  This  work  is  aggressive  or  nothing;  it  has  always 
kindled  bitterness  of  opposition.  So  it  offers  room  to  apply 
Gamaliel's  test.  Since  neither  cynical  indifference,  nor 
masterly  strategy,  nor  physical  force  has  been  able  to  over- 
throw it,  its  persistence  arouses  awe  and  imposes  reverence 
in  its  study. 

GROWTH  IN  MISSIONS  A  NEW  TEST 

Any  attempt  to-day  to  survey  the  world-wide  mission 
field  emphasizes  the  fact,  however,  that  persistent  escape 
from  destruction  is  less  wonderful  than  progress  in  mis- 
sions. Increase  is  the  salient  fact  of  the  work.  There  is 
increase  in  the  number  of  converts  and  growth  in  their 
quality,  increase  in  the  desire  of  converts  to  bring  others 
to  Christ,  and  increase  in  the  number  of  those  not  yet 
Christians  who,  dissatisfied  with  their  own  religious  ideas, 
are  insensibly  and  unknowingly  approaching  the  outskirts 
of  the  Kingdom  of  Christ.  What  has  growth  as  well  as 
permanence  has  life  and  God  giveth  the  increase. 

1.   Increase  in  Numbers. 

Look  at  the  islands  of  the  Pacific,  each  formerly  the 
enemy  of  every  other.  Some  350  missionaries,  men  and 
women,  supported  by  a  dozen  or  so  of  different  societies, 
occupy  about  200  central  stations  in  those  islands.  With  the 
native  workers  whom  they  have  trained  they  labor  in  about 
2,000  different  places.  Slowly  but  continuously  the  people 
on  their  volcanic  rock-heaps  or  palm-fringed  atolls  have  been 
learning  to  surrender  themselves  to  Jesus  Christ  as  Saviour, 
King  and  Guide,  until  now,  in  Micronesia,  Polynesia,  the 
New  Hebrides  and  Melanesia,  about  300,000  people  profess 
to  be  Christians,  and  every  year  adds  to  their  number. 
Many  of  them  are  very  simple  and  crude  and  faulty  speci- 
mens of  manhood,  but  many  of  them  are  strong  and  tested 
men  of  power;  and  about  3,000  of  them  are  teachers  and 
preachers  with  a  Christian  experience  that  shows  them  to 
have  received  the  Holy  Spirit  even  as  we. 


82  The  Blue  Book  op  Missions  for  1907 

Look  at  Africa,  the  home  of  unresponsive  muck-raking. 
Mohammedanism  is  most  secure,  most  aggressive,  and  dan- 
gerous to  the  last  degree  in  Africa.  Yet  in  Morocco,  Algiers, 
Tunis,  and  Egypt  there  have  been  converts  from  Moham- 
medanism during  the  past  year.  The  North  Africa  Mission 
has  a  score  of  converted  Mohammedans  as  evangelists.  The 
keeper  of  the  Bible  depot  at  Suez  is  an  earnest  Christian 
who  but  a  few  years  ago  was  a  Mohammedan  and  an  ex- 
pounder of  the  holy  law  in  Zanzibar.  All  along  the  north- 
em  coast  line  Mohammedan  youth  are  studying  in  mis- 
sionary schools;  and  by  the  grace  of  God  the  recent 
Conference  at  Cairo  of  missionaries  working  among  Mo- 
hammedans everywhere  is  a  step  forward  that  will  affect 
the  whole  Mohammedan  world.  As  to  the  central  and 
southern  portions  of  the  great  black  continent,  in  the  older 
mission  fields,  like  South  Africa,  Sierra  Leone,  and  the 
Lagos  protectorate,  now  merged  in  South  Nigeria,  Chris- 
tianity is  rooted  in  the  soil  of  the  land.  There  are  in  these 
lands  some  750,000  Christians,  many  of  them  of  the  third 
generation,  winning  additions  every  year  from  the  sur- 
rounding people.  In  Natal  the  past  year  has  seen  an  official 
government  investigation  into  the  quality  of  manhood 
fostered  by  the  native  Christian  church.  The  verdict  has 
been  that  it  is  good;  and  that  missions  ought  to  be  en- 
couraged by  Government  for  the  sake  of  their  fruits  in 
citizenship.  In  the  newer  fields,  like  Uganda,  Nyasaland, 
Angola,  Kameruu  and  British  and  German  East  Africa, 
the  reports  all  show  progress  in  spite  of  hindrances  and 
backward  eddyings  of  the  current.  In  the  Congo  region, 
notwithstanding  the  horrors  of  Belgian  commercial  greed, 
enquiry,  interest  and  conversions  appear  in  every  report. 
One  evening  at  nightfall  a  few  months  ago  a  missionary  on 
the  Congo  river  in  a  steam  launch,  seeking  a  place  to  moor 
the  boat  for  the  night,  was  startled  by  a  lusty  chorus  of 
men's  voices  singing  in  the  native  language  "All  hail  the 
power  of  Jesus'  Name."  The  missionary  had  found  his 
place  to  stop;  for  there  among  the  reeds  were  some  big 
canoes  full  of  young  Africans  on  a  fishing  excursion,  and 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  83 

there  were  Christians  among  them  with  Bibles  and  hymn 
books.  And  this  in  the  heart  of  the  Dark  Continent!  As 
the  missionary  joined  in  the  words  "and  crown  Him  Lord 
f  all/'  he  felt  somewhat  as  old  Simeon  did  in  the  temple, 
satisfied  because  he  had  seen  the  salvation  of  the  Lord. 

India  is  a  land  of  many  nations  strangely  inventive  in 
methods  of  debasing  religion.  It  is  estimated  that  since  the 
census  report  of  1901,  at  least  300,000  converts  have  been 
baptized,  largely  among  the  poorest  and  most  despised  of 
the  people,  thus  bringing  the  mission  work  there  into  vis- 
ible identity  with  that  of  Him  who  gave  as  one  of  the  marks 
of  his  mission  that  to  the  poor  the  gospel  was  preached. 
Converts  have  also  been  won  among  self-sufficient  Brah- 
mans  and  haughty  Mohammedans.  Some  idea  of  the  steady 
progress  may  be  derived  from  a  note  of  the  Census  Com- 
missioner on  South  India.  He  gives  as  a  net  result  in 
Travancore,  of  the  census  changes  of  the  last  25  years,  the 
fact  that  out  of  every  10,000  of  the  population  373  Hindus 
have  disappeared,  and  have  been  replaced  by  333  Chris- 
tians .and  40  Mohammedans.  Special  movements  of  prog- 
ress are  the  revivals  in  Assam,  in  several  places  in  North 
India,  and  in  the  Bombay  Presidency;  and  the  strange 
evangelistic  campaign  in  Burma,  conducted  by  Ko-san-ye, 
which  has  brought  pagans  literally  by  thousands  into  rela- 
tions with  the  Christian  churches  among  the  Karens,  and 
an  equally  remarkable  turning  to  Christ  among  the  wild 
tribes  in  the  north  of  Burma  bordering  on  Chinese  terri- 
tory. We  cannot  pause  to  describe  the  fraternizing  of 
Christians  of  different  races  seen  in  the  visit  to  India  in 
March,  1906,  of  two  well  known  Japanese  Christian  pastors 
who  addressed  large  audiences  with  great  acceptance  in 
several  of  the  great  cities,  with  the  object  of  stirring  the 
people  to  Christ-like  activity  in  evangelization. 

In  China,  where  distrust  of  God  makes  every  man  try  to 
be  his  own  providence,  the  centenary  of  Protestant  missions 
is  to  be  celebrated  next  year.  During  the  first  35  years  of 
the  century  little  visible  impression  was  made  upon  the 
Chinese.    According  to  tables  just  compiled,  the  number  of 


84  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Chinese  Christian  communicants  has  doubled  every  seven 
years  since  1842.  At  the  end  of  1905  the  number  of  com- 
municants was  about  150,000.  When  Dr.  Griffith  John  of 
the  London  Misionary  Society,  prepared  to  return  to  Eng- 
land on  furlough,  a  few  months  ago,  he  called  attention  to 
a  fact  full  of  significance.  He  entered  Hankow,  in  central 
China,  45  years  ago.  Then  there  was  not  a  single  Chris- 
tian convert  in  all  that  great  city.  When  he  left  the  city 
he  went  with  the  joyful  reflection  that  the  gospel  is  per- 
manently established  there  in  the  hearts  of  8,000  believers. 
The  tale  of  increase  in  China  is  but  just  commencing  and 
the  gospel  now  shows  its  power  in  almost  every  district. 

A  few  steps  take  one  over  the  boundary  into  Korea,  long 
held  by  China  in  a  seclusion  where  self-satisfaction  has  had 
time  to  become  profound.  The  Christian  churches  have 
about  20,000  members  with  about  20,000  candidates  for 
baptism.  Close  and  intelligent  study  of  the  Bible  and  ap- 
plication of  its  principles  of  life  are  characteristics  of  the 
Korean  Christians.  During  the  past  year  interest  in  Chris- 
tianity has  been  marked,  even  in  the  southern  parts  of  the 
country,  long  callous  to  the  gospel  message.  This  year, 
among  the  nobility,  the  most  impervious  class  of  Koreans, 
seekers  after  light  are  studying  the  New  Testament  with 
emotion.  The  changed  life  of  converts  strikes  the  con- 
sciences of  their  neighbors.  Recently  a  highway  robber  in 
Korea,  like  the  men  moved  to  repentance  under  the  preach- 
ing of  John  the  Baptist,  was  no  sooner  converted  than 
he  asked,  "What  must  I  do  f  On  being  satisfied  that  Jesus 
Christ  expected  him  to  confess  his  crimes,  he  gave  hi  .self 
up  to  the  authorities.  The  Governor  of  the  province  said 
that  never  before  in  all  Korean  history  had  a  criminal  made 
voluntary  confession.  Therefore  this  ex-highwayman  should 
not  be  beheaded  as  the  law  required.  He  pardoned  and  dis- 
missed the  new  convert  with  commendation  of  his  wisdom 
in  adopting  a  religion  that  can  change  the  heart. 

From  Korea  we  pass  into  Japan,  where  a  sturdy  nation 
stands  at  the  parting  of  the  ways,  having  to  choose  between 
life  and  death,  blessing  and  cursing,  but  being  in  great 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  85 

measure  insensible  to  the  far-reaching  consequences  of  the 
choice  now  to  be  made.  The  war  has  brought  some  •  f  the 
people  in  closer  contact  with  Christianity,  but  has  not  so 
thoroughly  abolished  indifference  as  was  hoped.  Yet  there 
is  growth.  At  the  close  of  1905  the  number  of  Christians 
in  Japan  was  abouc  350,000,  including  Roman  Catholics, 
with  about  450  ordained  Japanese  Christian  ministers  and 
some  600  unordained  Christian  teachers  and  evangelists. 
The  gospel  is  regularly  preached  in  about  1,000  towns  and 
villages  and  the  Protestant  communicants  are  more  than 
50,000.  One  notable  fact  as  to  the  Christians  of  Japan  is 
the  influence  which  they  have  in  the  affairs  of  the  nation. 
There  seems  to  be  little  bigotry  to  exclude  Christians  from 
participation  according  to  their  ability  in  political  and 
national  affairs.  The  editors  of  four  out  of  twelve  leading 
newspapers  in  Japan  are  Christian  men.  The  Christians 
are  recognized  pioneers  in  reform  and  in  general  benevolent 
work.  For  this  reason  the  influence  of  the  Christians  of 
Japan  is  found  to  be  many  fold  out  of  proportion  to  their 
numerical  strength. 

Time  will  not  allow  more  than  mention  of  the  increase  of 
the  number  of  Christians  in  lesser  fields.  In  Sumatra,  for 
instance,  the  report  of  the  German  Rhenish  mission  showed 
last  year  4,712  pagans  and  136  Mohammedans  baptized. 
There  is  increase  wrung  out  of  rocky  soil  in  Ceylon,  in 
Persia,  in  the  border  lands  of  Tibet,  and  even  in  Arabia 
the  neglected  and  the  well-fortified  against  the  message  of 
Jesus  Christ.  In  all  fields  missionary  work  has  transformed 
multitudes  of  men  and  women  into  cross-bearing,  self- 
denying  and  light-giving  followers  of  Jesus  Christ.  This 
salient  fact  of  steady  increase  of  Christian  believers  recalls 
once  more  the  fitness  of  the  gospel  to  meet  the  need  of 
peoples  the  most  different  in  race,  social  customs,  habits 
of  thought,  and  religious  belief.  The  Bible  Societies,  which 
everywhere  supply  the  preacher  with  the  book  that  he 
expounds,  report  a  great  increase  of  their  issues  during  the 
past  year.  The  British  and  Foreign  Bible  Society  issued 
during  1905  more  than  six  million,  the  American  Bible 


86  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Society  more  than  two  million  two  hundred  thousand,  and 
the  Scottish  National  Bible  Society  nearly  two  million 
volumes  of  Bibles,  Testaments,  and  lesser  portions  of  Scrip- 
ture. These  figures  show  in  each  ease  a  gain  of  about 
twenty  per  cent  over  the  issues  of  1904.  Single  stations 
may  stand  still  or  lose  ground,  but  in  each  country  the 
missionaries  praise  God  for  tangible  increase  that  shows 
His  use  of  missions  to  work  His  will  among  the  nations. 

2.  Increase  of  Evangelistic  Effort  by  Converts. 

Increase  has  no  meaning  if  confined  to  figures.  Increase 
of  numbers  here,  however,  represents  an  increase  of  force. 
Converts  separated  by  vast  distances,  by  language,  and  by 
divergent  interests  and  aims,  and  taught  by  many  different 
denominations,  nevertheless  attain  a  recognizable  likeness 
to  one  another,  through  growth  toward  likeness  to  the  great 
Head  of  the  Church.  It  is  evident  that  the  root  of  the 
matter  is  in  these  growing  bodies  of  Christians  because  they 
voluntarily  take  up  the  work  for  others  which  Christ  did, 
and  which  He  made  a  mark  of  His  followers.  This  has  been 
noteworthy  in  the  revivals  in  Madagascar.  Glimpses  of  the 
same  activity  are  seen  in  India.  Even  native  officials  who 
are  Christians,  in  some  cases  Mohammedans  in  origin,  are 
giving  their  time  outside  of  office  hours  to  true  evangelistic 
work.  In  Korea  this  activity  is  a  regularly  understood 
responsibility  undertaken  along  with  membership  in  the 
Christian  Church.  Christian  officers  in  the  Japanese  army 
have  been  found  teaching  Christ  to  Chinese  in  Manchuria. 
Little  societies  of  Japanese  Christians  maintain  mission- 
aries to  people  of  their  own  race  in  Formosa,  in  Manchuria, 
in  Korea,  and  in  China.  In  Oceania,  Samoans  and  Fijians 
are  missionaries  in  New  Guinea,  and  Christians  of  the 
Loyalty  Islands  are  giving  their  lives  to  teaching  the  pagans 
of  New  Caledonia.  In  the  first  days  of  this  year  a  man 
died  in  a  village  of  southern  Nigeria  in  West  Africa  who 
used  to  be  a  famous  fetish  priest.  He  became  a  Christian. 
He  had  no  scientific  education,  but  as  he  lived  on  his  farm, 
he  told  his  neighbors  how  "xeat  things  the  Lord  had  done 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  87 

for  him,  and  he  read  to  them  the  Bible.  Before  his  life 
reached  its  peaceful  close  that  former  priest  of  Satan  had 
led  fully  one  thousand  pagans  to  confess  faith  in  Jesus 
Christ.  In  Borneo  and  in  Java  there  are  new  missionary 
stations  whose  foundations  were  laid  by  Chinese  Christian 
business  men  who  brought  their  countrymen  together  for 
Bible  study,  and  persuaded  them  to  let  the  Bible  mold 
their  lives.  Chinese  Christians  in  America  are  building 
chapels  for  little  Christian  congregations  in  China,  and  in 
China  itself  more  people  are  won  by  native  Christians  to 
the  first  steps  in  faith  than  by  missionaries.  In  India  the 
National  Missionary  Society  was  formed  in  the  last  days 
of  1905.  What  it  will  accomplish  is  yet  uncertain.  But  the 
plan  has  the  support  of  hundreds  of  thousands  of  Indian 
Christiaris  throughout  the  length  and  breadth  of  the  Em- 
pire. Innumerable  instances  of  the  growth  of  activity 
among  members  of  the  mission  churches  prove  that  Christ 
is  in  the  hearts  of  these  converts  and  illustrate  the  rule  that 
a  passion  to  save  men  overcomes  all  obstacles.  We  did  not 
know  that  we  were  calling  out  this  immense  volume  of 
latent  power  when  we  obeyed  the  command  to  teach  all 
nations.    But  God  knew  it. 

3.  Changes  that  Facilitate  Missions, 

This  is  not  all  that  a  survey  reveals  as  to  progress  in 
missions.  In  the  mission  field,  unconnected  directly  with 
efforts  of  missionaries,  are  discovered  sudden  changes  in 
surroundings,  unforeseen  and  unheard-of  removals  of  ob- 
stacles, welcome  but  unhoped-for  facilities  for  extending 
the  sphere  of  missionary  operations — inviting,  yes,  com- 
manding opportunities.  "You  cannot  imagine  the  enthu- 
siasm," says  a  missionary  on  the  Congo,  "with  which  we  were 
received  p^I  pI^^^it  the  river  bolow  Yakusu.  Dozens  of  boats 
surrounded  the  steamer  filled  with  people  shouting  welcome 
and  all  calling  out,  'Have  you  books?  Books!  we  want 
more  books  !* "  The  people  knew  their  own  insufficiency 
and  called  for  light.  Like  occurrences  show  the  temper  of 
the  people  in  Kamenin,  the  Gold  Coast  Colony,  Uganda, 
and  other  African  fields.    India,  the  abode  of  all  extrava- 


88  The  Blub  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

gances  in  philosophy  and  religion,  is  now  in  a  religious 
and  social  ferment ;  the  hoary  system  of  Hindu  observances 
is  being  doctored  over  to  bring  it  into  harmony  with  mod- 
ern, that  is  to  say,  with  Christian  requirements,  for  other- 
wise it  cannot  retain  the  respect  of  the  educated.  In  a  less 
degree  the  same  is  true  of  educated  Mohammedans.  Some 
of  these  in  India  are  trying  to  purge  their  religion  of 
blemishes  revealed  to  them  by  the  light  of  the  gospel.  Th(3y 
fail  to  see  that  after  such  cleansing  the  residue  ceases  to 
be  Mohammedanism. 

A  similar  general  sense  of  dissatisfaction  with  the  old 
religions  appears  in  Japan.  Since  the  war,  Shintoism  is 
not  a  religion;  people  even  question  whether  it  is  a  worthy 
sentiment.  Leading  Buddhists  educated  above  the  level 
of  the  priests,  mournfully  admit  that  a  revival  of  their 
religion  in  Japan  seems  impossible.  We  have  the  strange 
spectacle  of  Buddhists  adopting  the  methods  of  Christians — 
issuing  tracts,  organizing  Endeavor  Societies  and  Sunday 
schools,  preaching  on  the  street  corners  to  the  accompani- 
ment of  a  baby  organ,  etc.  But  while  the  philosophy  of 
Buddhism  is  not  easily  to  be  displaced,  the  religion  of  the 
system  is  wedded  to  ignorance.  The  four  million  students 
in  the  Government  schools  of  Japan  will  soon  be  four  mil- 
lion judges  to  declare  that  as  a  religion  Buddhism  is  weighed 
and  found  wanting.  In  China  the  new  theories  of  education, 
and  the  new  determination  to  find  and  use  che  principles 
that  have  given  nations  power,  caused  the  suppression  of 
the  old  classics  in  the  schools,  and  this  has  smitten  Con- 
fucianism in  its  vitals.  In  some  parts  of  the  empire 
temples  have  been  transformed  into  school  houses,  the  idols, 
by  Government  order,  being  cast  out  to  make  room.  Some 
of  the  idols  were  burned  unregretted,  some  like  Aaron's 
golden  calf  were  broken  up  and  cast  into  the  river  to  be 
carried  by  the  floods  where  none  can  find  them  again,  and 
so  gods  in  whom  the  people  trusted  have  met  their  predes- 
tined end  by  being  '^cast  to  the  moles  and  the  bats." 

Even  in  some  Roman  Catholic  countries  changes  of  this 
same  class  are  to  be  noted.  The  publication  by  the  Church 
of  the  Scriptures  for  the  common  people  is  one  of  these 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missiojfs  for  1907  89 

changes.  Think  of  this  event,  my  brethren !  Some  years  ago 
the  circulation  of  the  Bible  by  Protestants  forced  Roman 
Catholics  in  Syria  to  bring  out  an  "authorized"  version  of 
the  New  Testament  in  Arabic.  Two  or  three  years  ago  the 
Pope  authorized  and  blessed  a  cheap  edition  of  the  New 
Testament  in  Italian.  Last  year  the  Roman  Catholic  Arch- 
bishop of  Rio  de  Janeiro  in  Brazil  urged  his  people,  whether 
educated  or  not,  to  study  a  new  Portuguese  translation  of 
the  Gospels;  and  now,  this  year,  a  Roman  Catholic  priest 
in  France  has  made  a  translation  of  the  New  Testament 
into  French,  and  eminent  Jesuit  authorities  have  pro- 
nounced it  very  good.  The  character  of  the  notes  with 
which  all  of  these  new  Roman  Catholic  versions  are  sup- 
plied, with  a  view  to  combating  Protestant  interpretations 
of  Scripture,  does  not  in  the  least  take  from  the  importance 
of  a  movement  which  loosens  the  chains  that  sought  to  bind 
the  written  word  in  that  great  church. 

The  very  Governments  facilitate  the  work  of  missions, 
Britain  during  the  year  has  invited  the  establishment  of 
another  new  mission  in  the  Egyptian  Sudan.  In  Africa 
European  Governments  within  twenty  years  have  made 
great  expanses  of  territory  safe  for  missionary  tours.  In 
East  Africa  and  South  Africa  and  French  West  Africa, 
railroads,  and  on  the  upper  Nile,  the  Niger,  the  Congo,  and 
the  Senegal,  steamers  speed  the  touring  missionary  on  his 
way.  The  French  Government  within  the  last  year  has 
begun  to  put  into  effect  a  uniform  system  of  common  school 
education  in  all  that  enormous  territory  lying  in  the  north- 
ern part  of  the  African  continent  between  Algeria  and 
"^unis  on  the  north,  and  Dahomey  and  the  Niger  on  the 
south.  This  region  is  a  vast  hotbed  and  nursery  for  Mo- 
hammedan fanatics.  But  the  one  thing  that  surely  cuts  the 
nerve  of  Mohammedan  fanaticism,  and  reduces  the  Moham- 
medan religious  system  to  its  common-place  level,  is  the 
popularization  of  science.  In  taking  steps  for  the  edu- 
cation of  millions  of  Mohammedans  in  Africa,  France 
unwittingly  is  preparing  the  way  for  the  Kingdom  of 
Light  in  which  there  is  no  darkness  at  all.  The  Japanese 
Coverament  during  the  past  year  has  risen  to  leadership 


90  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

of  the  far  East,  deposing  China  from  that  high  position. 
It  is  a  liberal  Government  from  whose  administration  every 
trace  of  bigotry  against  Christianity  has  disappeared.  This 
momentous  change  of  equilibrium,  too,  is  in  the  line  of 
missionary  progress.  All  these  changes  are  of  one  nature; 
they  prepare  a  way  for  the  rule  of  the  Kingdom  of  Christ. 

THE  MEANING  OF  PROGRESS  IN  MISSIONS 

Our  sui'vey  of  the  progress  of  missions  gives  a  basis  for 
classifying  ihe  enterprise.  Some  still  call  it  a  pitiable  waste 
of  energy,  money  and  talent.  But  we  have  a  right  to  claim 
that  it  is  a  factor  in  the  destiny  of  our  race,  of  superlative 
importance  to  mankind  and  to  every  individual.  The  per- 
sistence of  the  undertaking,  the  steady  increase  in  numbers 
of  the  Christians  of  the  missionary  field;  their  notable 
growth  in  fulfilling  the  Christian's  duty  toward  those  yet 
unmoved;  the  vague  dissatisfaction  that  is  suggesting  im- 
provements in  the  national  or  tribal  religions,  and,  further- 
more, the  unintended  helps  to  missions  yielded  by  Gov- 
ernments which  are  seeking  their  own  ends,  are  cumulative 
evidences  for  this  claim.  All  these  work  together  with  a 
uniform  trend  that  fortifies  our  claim  of  one  Great  Cause, 
even  the  Almighty  Himself. 

Immeasurable  opportunities  are  before  those  who  live  in 
this  age.  In  a  grand,  imperialistic  sense  the  Kingdom  is 
at  hand.  It  is  the  same  Kingdom  for  which  Jesus  Christ 
in  visible  presence  used  to  urge  his  followers  to  prepare. 
He  used  to  say  that  the  Kingdom  was  at  hand,  because 
forces  already  in  slow,  silent  operation  would  overturn  and 
overturn  until  He  should  come  to  His  throne.  Christians 
in  this  age  must  seek  His  Kingdom  and  His  righteousness 
fii-st  above  all  things.  Let  this  simple  truth  be  to  each  one 
of  us  a  permanent  acquisition  of  motive  from  any  \dsion 
given  us  of  the  fact  that  God  is  using  missions  as  a  chosen 
instrument  for  hastening  the  coming  of  the  day  when  He 
whose  right  it  is  shall  reign.  For  when  all  things  shall 
have  been  put  under  His  feet  then  the  King  Himself  will 
come  in  His  glory. 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 


91 


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62 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 


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The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 


93 


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94  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

ASIA 


Christians 

1 

1 
1 
1 

5 
1 

«2 

3J 
66 

1 

Afghanistan 

Baluchistanf... 

Bokhara 

Ceylon 

China 

75,000 
150,003 

1,078,000 
58,000 

35.000 
3,000 

8,000 
20,000 
15.000 

100,000 

283,000 
900,000 
208,000 
932,000 
1,595,000 
65,000 

32,000 
20,000 

14,000 
477,000 

1,000 
858,000 

250,000 
27,000 

1,000 

60,000 
7,256,000 

9,550,000 

20,000 
18,000 

35,000 
30,000 

379,000 

4,000,000 

230,000 

1,250,000 

248,000 

33,000,000 

6,000 

60,000 

62,458,000 

800,000 

490,000 

9,373,000 
10,847,000 

100,000 
18,594,000 

2.140.000 
83.000.000 

French  India... 
Frenchld-China 

10,000,000 
9,447.000 
19.858,000 

Jap.&  Formosa. 
Khiva 

Korea. 

1,500,000 

180,000 

2.500,000 

Mal.St.AStr.Set 
Nepal 

Persia 

Russia 

1,645,000 
3,600,000 
4,000,000 

Tibet 

Turkey* 

1.542,000 

5,385,000 

17,144,000 

482,000 

141.456.000 

137,900,000 

ASIA 


5 

a 
W 

|.l 

6^ 

i 
1 

li 

o 

Total 

Afghanistan 

Baluchistan  t. . . 

Bokhara  

Cevlon 

China 

French  India. . . 
French  Id-China 

India 

Jap.  &  Formosa 

Khiva 

Korea. 

10,000 

828,000 

59,000 

207,146,000 

109,000 
1,000,000 

284,000,000 

528,000 

100,000 

6,000,000 
402,000 

24,900,000 

4,000 
17,000,000 

7.000,000 
8.584.000 
2,000,000 

432,000 

37,000 

500,000 

2,000,000 
1,600.000 
2,279,000 

1.930.000 

30.000 
3.627.000 

9,000 

10,000 
48.000 

20,000 
19,000 

4,000,000 

240,000 

1,250.000 

3.578.000 

420,000.000 

273.000 

18.550.000 

294,233,000 

47.008.000 

800.000 

8.000.000 

1.250.000 

4.000.000 

9,500,000 

22,323,000 

5,215,000 

6,400,000 

29.500,000 

Mal.St.<feStr.Set 
Nepal 

Persia 

Russia 

Siam 

Tibet 

Turkey* 

209,152,000 

291,030,000 

24,900,000 

41,436,000 

5,693,000 

876,120,000 

*  Both  Europe  and  Asia.  t  Outside  of  British  Territory. 

X  Followers  of  Confucianism  in  China  and  Shintoism  in  Japan  are  distinguished  from 
Buddhista  by  linea  too  vague  to  permit  confident  eaumeratioo. 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 


95 


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96 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907' 


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The  Blue  Book  op  Missions  for  1907  97 


STATISTICS    OF    THE    GREAT    RELIGIONS    OF 
THE   WORLD 

The  material  from  which  these  tables  has  been  compiled  consists,  for 
the  British  Colonies,  of  census  reports  of  1901  (wherever  a  census  of  that  date 
was  taken)  as  summarized  in  the  India  List,  Colonial  List,  or  the  States- 
man's Year  Book  of  1904.  As  an  exception,  summaries  (unofl&cial)  of  the 
census  of  1904  have  been  used  in  dealing  with  South  Africa.  For  Russia, 
the  census  of  1897  is  the  basis,  the  unofficial  "estimates"  of  increase  since 
that  date  being  also  considered.  In  China,  the  official  "estimate"  of  1901 
has  been  adopted.  The  Missionary  reports  published  during  1904  have 
aided  in  compiling  the  statistics  of  Christianity.  The  method  followed  has 
been  in  each  case  to  establish  by  use  of  the  best  available  material  the 
population  and  religious  statistics  of  each  country  or  colony  and  then  build 
up  the  statistics  of  the  continent  by  addition  of  these.  For  instance,  the 
figures  given  for  Africa  represent  the  aggregate  of  the  statistics  of  43  differ- 
ent countries,  colonies,  or  spheres  of  influence.  The  method  though  labor- 
ious, would  lead  to  valuable  results  were  all  the  countries  subject  to  census. 
In  actual  fact,  however,  the  population  of  great  territories  in  Asia  and 
Africa  and  in  islands  like  New  Guinea  is  known  by  estimate  (or  guess)  only. 
Moreover  in  China  religious  statistics  are  of  the  most  uncertain  quality, 
because  so  many  of  the  people  are  at  the  same  time  Buddhists  and  Taoists 
and  Confucianists.  These  tables,  therefore,  are  put  forth  as  a  careful  esti- 
mate, which  may,  however,  be  changed  when  the  progress  of  civilization 
produces  more  precise  data,  but  which  are  proper  and  convenient  to  use  as 
a  working  hypothesis  for  a  time.  We  should  explain,  perhaps,  the  column 
in  these  statistics  beaded  Animists,  Fetishists,  etc.  It  includes  a  type  rather 
than  any  one  species  of  belief — Shamanists  of  Asia,  as  well  as  Juju-men 
of  Africa. 


Africa 

America,  N.. 
America,  S... 

Aaia 

Australasia.. 

Europe 

Malaysia — 

Oceania 

Aggregate.. . 


Christians 


2.665.000 

64,488.000 

362,000 

1.542.000 

3.424,000 

92.922.000 

416.500 

247,000 


2,493,000 

36,693,000 

36,125,000 

5,385,000 

964,000 

183.754,000 

7.095.500 

129,000 


166,06  ;,500  272,638,50(^120, 157,000 


3.799,000 
1,000,000 

17,144,000 

1,000 

98.213.000 


3^1,000 

1.069,000 

22,000 

482,000 

17,000 

9,247.000 

3.000 

1.000 


11,222,000 


50,810,000 

15,000 

10,000 

141,456,000 

3,000 

3,576,000 

20,760,000 


216,630,000 


11,000 
5.000 


137,900.000 
4,000 


15,000 


137.935.000 


09 

11 

i1 

1 

Total 

Africa 

277.000 

94,000 

108,000 

209,152,000 

1,000 

27.000 

31,000 

85.000 

4,000 

291,030,000 

31.000 

570,000 
65,000 

24,900.000 

97.179.500 

200.000 

1.262,000 

41,436,000 

40.000 

16.445.000 
507.000 

125.500 
8.002.000 

63.000 
5.693.000 

70.000 
1.319.000 

62.000 

18.000 

157  772  000 

Amwica,  N 

America,  S 

Asia 

Australaaia. 

Europe 

Malayaia 

Oceania 

111.651.000 

37.956.000 

876.120.000 

i555.000 

389,031.000 

45,379.000 

982.000 

Aggregate 

209,659.000 

291.816,000 

24.900.000 

157.069.500 

15.352,50d 

1,623,446,000 

PART  II 
THE  SOCIETIES 


"And  I  heard  the  voice  of  the  Lord  saying,  Whom  shall 
I  send  and  who  will  go  for  us?  Then  I  said,  Here  am  I, 
send  me." — Isaiah  6:8. 


100 


SOCIETIES  IN  THE  UNITED  STATES 

Note:— For  Women's  Missionary  Societies,  see  section  headed  "  Woman's 
Work." 

AFRICAN     METHODIST     EPISCOPAL     CHURCH 

(1847)  :  Parent  Home  and  Foreign  Missionaiy  Society  of 
the '.Headquarters:  61  Bible  House,  New  York;  President: 
Bishop  C.  T.  Schaffer;  Secretary  and  Treasurer:  Rev.  H. 
B.  Parks,  D.D.;  Fields:  Canada,  British  West  Indies,  Haiti 
and  San  Domingo,  Cuba,  Sierra  Leone,  Liberia,  Cape  Col- 
ony, Transvaal,  Orange  River  Colony;  Income  and  Expen- 
diture: No  information;  Organ:  Voice  of  Missions,  month- 
ly. General  Notes:  The  Society  is  deeply  interested  in  the 
Ethiopian  movement  in  South  Africa.  It  is  desirous  of  cor- 
recting any  impression  that  its  aim,  however,  is  in  any  way 
political. 

AMERICAN  METHODIST  EPISCOPAL  ZION 
CHURCH:  Home  and  Frontier  Missionary  Society  of  the: 
Headquarters:  Birmingham,  Alabama;  Secretary:  Rev.  A. 
J.  Warner. 

AMERICAN  ADVENT  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY 
(1866):  Headquarters:  160  Warren  street,  Boston,  Mass.; 
Secretary:  Rev.  A.  H.  Davis,  Boston,  Mass.;  Treasurer: 
Elder  J.  W.  Evans,  same  address;  Fields:  Home:  East  of 
the  western  Pennsylvania  line  and  North  and  South.  For- 
eign: China,  Cape  Verde  Islands.  Income,  year  ending 
September  30,  1906:  About  $16,000;  Expenditures :  About 
$15,000;  Organ:  Prophetic  and  Mission  Record.  General 
Notes:  The  Society  reports  10  missionaries,  men  and 
women,  in  the  foreign  field,  with  400  Communicants. 

Advent  Christian  Woman^s  Home  and  Foreign  Mis- 
sionary Society:  See  Woman's  Work  Section. 

Am.  Advent  Western  Home  Mission  Board:  Secretafy 
lOJ 


102         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

and  Treasurer,  Elder  J.  August  Smith,  1121  No.  Church 
street,  Rockford,  111. 

Am.  Advent  Southern  Home  Mission  Board:  Secretary 
and  Treasurer,  George  H.  James,  Wilmington,  N.  C. 

Woman's  Missionary  Union,  auxiliary  to  the  Southern 
Home  Mission  Board. 

Helpers*  Union  and  Central  Mission  Branch:  See  Wom- 
an's Work  Section. 

AMERICAN  BAPTIST  MISSIONARY  UNION 
(1814) :  Headquarters:  Ford  Building,  Boston,  Mass.;  Cor. 
Secretaries:  Rev.  H.  C.  Mabie,  Rev.  T.  S.  Barbour,  Rev., 
F.  P.  Haggard;  Treasurer:  C.  W.  Perkins;  Fields:  Burma, 
Assam,  South  India;  China,  Japan,  Congo  Independent 
State,  Philippine  Islands;  France,  Germany,  Austria- 
Hungary,  Bulgaria,  Sweden,  Spain,  Russia,  Denmark,  Nor- 
way; Income,  year  ending  March  31,  1906:  $883,160.34; 
Expenditures:  $926,197.55;  Organ:  Baptist  Misssionary 
Magazine,  monthly;  General  Notes:  The  whole  number  of 
its  missionaries,  not  including  those  in  Europe,  is  549,  with 
4,345  native  workers,  and  130,902  baptized  communicants. 
Baptisms  in  1905  in  pagan  lands  numbered  15,626,  and  in' 
Europe,  6,965. 

Large  ingatherings  have  marked  the  work,  particularly 
in  the  Philippine  Islands  and  among  the  tribes  around 
Kengtung,  Burma.  Educational  work  in  China  and  Japan 
is  emphasized  in  view  of  present  opportunities.  For  the 
strengthening  of  all  its  educational  work  the  society  hss 
taken  steps  for  raising  a  fund  of  $500,000  for  education, 
partly  for  endowment,  partly  for  building,  and  partly  as 
a  reserve  for  advance.  Special  efforts  have  been  made  for 
informing  the  home  constituency  by  bright,  up-to-date  liter- 
ature and  by  study  classes.  A  forward  movement  is  being 
carried  on  among  Sunday  schools. 

Woman's  Baptist  Foreign  Missionary  Society;  Woman's 
Baptist  Foreign  Missionary  Society  of  the  West:  See 
Woman's  Work  Section. 

AHEEJCAN  BAPTIST  HOME  MISSION  SOCIETY; 


Thb  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         103 

Headquarters:  Metropolitan  Building,  312  Fourth  avenue, 
New  York  City;  Corresponding  Secretary:  Rev.  H.  L. 
Morehouse,  D.D. ;  Assistant  Corresponding  Secretary:  Rev. 
A.  Turnbull;  Editorial  Secretary:  Rev.  H.  B.  Grose;  Field 
Secretary:  Rev.  E.  E.  Chivers,  D.D.;  Treasurer:  Frank  T. 
Moulton,  Esq.;  Fields:  United  States,  North  Western 
Canada,  Mexico,  Cuba,  Porto  Rico;  Income,  year  ending 
March  31,  1906:  $805,403.57;  Organ:  Baptist  Home  Mis- 
sion Monthly;  General  Notes:  The  Society  has  (1905)'  1,552 
missionaries;  has  maintained  44  schools  for  colored  people 
and  Indians;  has  aided  in  erecting  114  church  edifices;  has 
had  312  missionaries  among  the  foreign  population;  reports 
375  baptisms  in  Cuba  and  270  in  Porto  Rico  during  the 
year,  and  in  the  two  islands  together  51  churches  with 
3,734  members;  altogether  it  reports  8,432  baptisms  during 
the  year  and  a  total  church  membership  of  72,453. 

Woman's  American  Baptist  Home  Mission  Society; 
Women's  Baptist  Home  Mission  Society:  See  Woman's 
Work  Section. 

AMERICAN  BOARD  OF  COMMISSIONERS  FOR 
FOREIGN  MISSIONS  (1810):  Headquarters:  Congrega- 
tional House,  14  Beacon  street,  Boston,  Mass.;  Denomina- 
tion: Congregational;  Secretaries:  Rev.  James  L.  Barton, 
Rev.  Cornelius  H.  Patton;  Editorial  Secretary:  Rev.  E.  E. 
Strong;  Treasurer:  F.  H.  Wiggin;  Fields:  Angola,  West 
Africa,  Natal,  Portuguese  East  Africa,  Rhodesia,  Turkey, 
India,  Ceylon,  China,  Mexico,  Japan,  Philippine  Islands, 
Micronesia,  Austria,  Spain ;  Income,  year  ending  August  31, 
1906:  $913,159.64;  Expenditures:  $853,680.58;  Organ: 
Missionary  Herald,  monthly;  General  Notes:  In  Angola, 
West  Africa,  the  Society  has  met  with  opposition  from 
the  Portuguese  officials — an  opposition  that  is  seemingly 
the  tribute  of  narrow-minded  men  to  success  that  they  can- 
not understand.  In  Turkey  it  has  had  more  hope  of  being 
granted  the  same  rights  as  to  education  as  are  allowed  by 
Turkey  to  European  Missionary  enterprises.  In  China  the 
ruins  left  b^  the  outbreaks  of  1900  have  been  reconstructed, 


104         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

and  the  awakening  of  interest  in  Western  civilization  shows 
itself  in  large  attendance  at  mission  services,  crowding  of 
schools,  and  demand  for  expansion  in  all  lines  of  effort 
that  the  opportunities  calling  for  attention  may  be  used. 
In  the  Philippine  Islands  the  missionary  in  Mindanao  is 
making  steady  progress  and  finding  ready  access  to  pagans. 
In  India  and  Ceylon,  the  missions  continue  to  make  steady 
progress,  with  fresh  emphasis  laid  on  the  fruitfulness  of 
educational  and  medical  work  used  as  truly  evangelistic 
agencies.  In  Japan  the  war  with  Russia  has  opened  larger 
opportunities  and  has  also  developed  independence  among 
the  "Kumiai"  churches.  Twenty-one  churches  have  become 
entirely  independent,  as  self-supporting  or  aided  by  the 
Japanese  Home  Missionary  Society.  The  Society's  mis- 
sionaries, men  and  women,  number  580.  It  has  4,185  native 
workers,  and  about  164,000  professing  Christians,  of  whom 
61,178  are  communicants. 

Woman's  Board  of  Missions,  auxiliary  toABCFM:  See 
Woman's  Work  Section. 

AMERICAN  CHURCH  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY 
(1860)  :  Merged  into  Board  of  Missions  of  Protestant  Epis- 
copal Church  in  the  U.  S.  A.  which  see. 

AMERICAN  CHRISTIAN  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY 
(Disciples)  :  Headquarters :  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Building,  Cin- 
cinnati, 0. ;  Corresponding  Secretary :  Rev.  Wm.  J.  Wright ; 
Treasurer:  Clarence  J.  Neare;  Income,  year  ending  Sept. 
30,  1905 :  $100,323.03.  In  addition  to  this  about  $169,463.35 
was  received  during  the  year  by  the  State  boards  for  local 
work;   Organ:  American  Home  Missionary,  monthly. 

AMERICAN  FRIENDS  BOARD  OF  FOREIGN  MIS- 
SIONS (1894)  :  Headquarters :  Richmond,  Indiana;  Su^ 
perintendent  of  Missions:  Zenas  L.  Martin;  Secretary: 
Mrs.  Mahalah  Jay;  Treasurer:  James  Carey,  Jr.,  119  E. 
Lombard  street,  Baltimore,  Md.;  Fields:  Cuba;  it  presents 
also  the  work  of  the  Yearly  Meetings,  with  fields  in  Mexico, 
Jamaica,  Japan,  Alaska,  Palestine,  India,  China,  British 
East  Africa^  and  Central  America^  Income^  year  ending 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         105 

March  31,  1905,  including  the  Home  contributions  of  the 
various  yearly  meetings:  $69,073;  Organ:  The  American 
Friend. 

AMERICAN  MISSIONARY  ASSOCIATION  (1846) : 
Headquarters:  287  Fourth  avenue,  New  York;  Denomina- 
tion: Congregational;  Secretaries:  Rev.  J.  W.  Cooper, 
Rev.  C.  J.  Ryder;  Treasurer:  H.  W.  Hubbard;  Fields: 
Special  populations  in  the  United  States,  Indians, 
Japanese,  Chinese;  white  and  colored  in  Southern  States; 
Hawaii,  Porto  Rico;  Income,  year  ending  September  30, 
1905:  $342,172.22;  Expenditure:  $363,509.13;  Organ: 
American  Missionary. 

American  Bamabai  Association:  See  Woman's  Work 
Section. 

AMERICAN  UNITARIAN  ASSOCIATION  (1825): 
Headquarters:  25  Beacon  street,  Boston,  Mass.;  President: 
Rev.  Samuel  A.  Eliot,  D.D.;  Secretary:  Rev.  Charles  E. 
St.  John;  Assistant  Secretary:  Mr.  Geo.  W.  Fox;  Treas- 
urer: Francis  H.  Lincoln;  Fields:  The  United  States, 
Japan;  Income,  year  ending  April  30,  1906:  $285,000; 
Expenditure:  For  Home  Missions,  $124,583.17;  Foreign 
Missions,  $3,200. 

ASSOCIATE  REFORMED  PRESBYTERIAN  SYNOD 
OF  THE  SOUTH  (1875)  :  Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of 
the;  Headquarters :  Due  West,  South  Carolina;  Secretary: 
Rev.  W.  L.  Pressly,  D.D. 

BRETHREN  IN  CHRIST  (River  Brethren)  :  Foreign 
Missionary  Board  of  the  (1896)  :  Headquarters:  LfOuis- 
ville,  Ohio;  Secretary:  Elder  0.  Baker. 

CENTRAL  AMERICA  MISSION  (1890)  :  Headquar- 
ters: Dallas,  Texas;  Denomination:  Interdenominational; 
Secretary:  Rev.  C.  I.  Scofield;  Treasurer:  D.  H.  Scott, 
Paris,  Texas;  Fields:  Guatemala,  Nicaragua,  Honduras, 
Salvador,  Costa  Rica;  Iticome:  About  $5,000;  Organ:  Cen- 
tral American  Bulletin ;  General  Notes :  The  Society  reports 
28  missionaries  and  1,050  communicants. 


106  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

CHRISTIAN  CHURCH  (1880)  :  Mission  Board  of  the: 
Headquarters:  C.  P.  A.  Building,  Dayton,  Ohio;  General 
Secretary  and  Treasurer:  Rev.  J.  G.  Bishop,  D.D.;  Fields: 
Japan,  Porto  Rico,  Canada,  Colorado,  North  Dakota,  Wash- 
ington, Montana,  North  Carolina,  Virginia,  and  eight  other 
States;  Income,  year  ending  September  30,  1905:  $23,- 
468.16;  Expenditure:  $24,011.58;  Organ:  Christian  Mis- 
sionary; General  Notes:  The  Society  reports  in  the  foreign 
field  14  missionaries  and  617  communicant  members.  In 
Tokyo,  Japan,  it  has  a  Bible  Training  School  with  15 
students. 

Christian  Church  Woman's  Board  of  Foreign  Missions: 
See  Woman's  Work  Section. 

Christian  Church  Woman's  Board  for  Home  Missions: 
See  Woman's  Work  Section. 

CHRISTIAN      AND      MISSIONARY      ALLIANCE 

(1887)  :  Headquarters:  690  Eighth  avenue,  New  York; 
Denomination:  Interdenominational;  Secretary :  Rev.  A.  E. 
Funk;  Treasurer:  Mr.  David  Crear;  Fields:  United  States, 
Canada,  Chile,  Ecuador,  Venezuela,  Argentina,  Porto  Rico, 
Jamaica,  San  Domingo,  Africa,  China,  India,  Japan,  Pales- 
tine; Income,  year  ending  March  31,  1906:  $244,638.81; 
Expenditure:  $244,638.81;  Organ:  Christian  and  Mission- 
ary Alliance,  weekly.  Living  Truths,  monthly;  General 
Notes:  The  Society  reports  285  missionaries,  men  and 
women,  in  the  foreign  field  and  an  increase  of  about  1,100 
in  membership  during  1905. 

Christian  Women's  Board  of  Missions:  See  Woman's 
Work  Section. 

CONGREGATIONAL  HOME  MISSIONARY  SO- 
CIETY (1826):  Headquarters:  287  Fourth  avenue,  New 
York;  Secretaries:  Rev.  J.  B.  Clark,  Rev.  Washington 
Choate;  Associate  Secretary:  Don  0.  Shelton;  Treasurer: 
W.  B.  Howland;  Fields:  The  United  States  (including 
Alaska  and  special  classes  of  people),  Cuba;  Income,  year 
ending  March  31,  1906  (including  net  receipts  of  auxilia- 
ries) :  $494^329,73;  Expenditure  (including  $240;894.18  ex- 


The  Blue  Book  op  Missions  for  1907         107 

pended  by  auxiliaries  in  their  own  fields)  :  $497,601.99; 
Organ:  Home  Missionary;  Congregational  Work;  General 
Notes:  The  Society  employs  1,641  missionaries  in  46  States 
and  Territories,  and  7  in  Cuba.  The  missionaries  preaching 
in  foreign  languages  number  193.  Additions  to  the  church 
on  confession  of  faith  have  been  4,7D8  during  the  year. 

CUMBERLAND  PRESBYTERIAN  BOARD  OF  FOR- 
EIGN MISSIONS  AND  CHURCH  ERECTION  (1852) : 
Headquarters:  Holland  Building  Annex,  St.  Louis,  Mo.; 
Cor.  Secretary:  Mr.  J.  M.  Patterson;  Treasurer:  Mr.  J.  C. 
Cobb;  Fields:  Japan,  China,  Mexico;  Home  Missions; 
Church  erection;  Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1905:  $173,- 
488.80;  receipts  of  Woman's  Board,  $48,340.05,  and  re- 
ceipts of  Synodical  Missions,  $36,573;  Expenditure:  $165,- 
813.33,  including  Foreign  Missions,  $36,836.73;  expendi- 
tures of  Woman's  Board,  $40,282.25,  and  expenditures  of 
Synodical  Missions,  $36,573;  Organ:  Missionary  Record; 
General  Notes:  Consistent  with  the  terms  of  organic  union 
between  the  Cumberland  Presbyterian  Church  and  the 
Presbyterian  Church  in  the  United  States,  the  Boards  will 
make  separate  reports  to  the  General  Assembly  in  May, 
1907.  It  will  be  the  policy  of  the  United  Church  to  com- 
bine the  Boards  as  soon  thereafter  as  practicable. 

Cumberland  Presbyterian  Woman^s  Board  of  Missions: 
See  Woman's  Work  Section. 

DANISH  (UNITED)  EVANGELICAL  LUTHERAN 
CHURCH  IN  AMERICA  (1896):  Headquarters:  Blair, 
Nebraska;  Secretary:  Rev.  L.  Johnsen,  Wapaca,  Wis.; 
Fields:  Indian  Territory,  Utah,  Danish  Immigrants  in 
New  York  and  Boston;   Japan. 

EVANGELICAL  ASSOCIATION  (1876):  Missionary 
Society  of  the:  Headquarters:  265  Woodland  avenue, 
Cleveland,  Ohio;  Secretaries:  S.  P.  Spreng,  Rev.  T.  C. 
Meckel;  Treasurer:  Rev.  Yost;  Fields:  United  States, 
Europe,  Japan,  China;  Organ:  Evangelischer  Missions- 
bote;  The  Missionary  Messenger;  General  Notes:  The  So- 
ciety has  SL  large  number  of  missionaries  in  the  UoitetJ 


108         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

States,  Canada,  Grermany  and  Switzerland.  Its  work  in 
Japan  and  China  employs  15  foreign  and  20  native  mis- 
sionaries. 

Evangelical  Association  Women's  Missionary  Society: 
See  Woman's  Work  Section. 

FOREIGN  CHRISTIAN  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY 
(1875):  Headquarters:  222  West  Fourth  street,  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio;  Denomination:  Disciples  of  Christ;  President: 
Rev.  A.  McLean;  Secretaries:  Rev.  F.  M.  Rains,  Rev.  S. 
J.  Corey;  Treasurer:  S.  M.  Cooper;  Fields:  China,  Japan, 
India,  Turkey,  Scandinavia,  Africa,  England,  Cuba, 
Hawaii,  Philippines,  Tibet  (in  Chinese  province  of 
Szechwan) ;  Income,  year  ending  Sept.  30,  1905:  $255,922; 
Expenditure:  $251,783;  Organ:  Missionary  Intelligencer; 
General  Notes:  The  year  has  been  one  of  great  success,  and 
has  fostered  enthusiasm  for  important  extension;  16  new 
missionaries  were  sent  out.  The  whole  number  of  its 
missionaries,  men  and  women,  is  152,  with  312  native 
workers,  40  schools,  2,388  pupils,  and  about  15,000  pro- 
fessing Christians,  of  whom  7,499  are  communicants.  The 
missions  in  England  and  other  parts  of  Europe  are  in- 
cluded in  this  report. 

FREE  BAPTISTS  (1833):  General  Conference  of; 
Secretaries:  Rev.  Arthur  Given,  Providence,  R.  I.;  Rev. 
H.  M.  Ford,  Hillsdale,  Mich.;  Treasurer:  Rev.  Arthur 
Given,  Providence,  R.  I.;  Fields:  India;  General  Notes: 
The  Society  has  25  missionaries  in  the  foreign  field,  in- 
cluding those  supported  by  the  Woman's  Missionary  So- 
ciety. 

Free  Baptist  Woman's  Missionary  Society:  See  Wo- 
man's Work  Section. 

FREE  METHODIST  CHURCH  OF  NORTH  AMER- 
ICA (1882):  General  Missionary  Board  of  the;  Head- 
quarters: 14-16  North  May  street,  Chicago,  111.;  Secretary: 
Rev.  Benjamin  Winget;  Treasurer:  S.  K.  J.  Chesbro; 
Fields:  Africa,  India,  Japan,  China,  San  Domingo,  United 
States;   Income^  year   ending   Oct>    1,   1905^    for   foreign 


The  Blue  Book  op  Missions  for  1907         109 

missions:  $31,803.85,  and  for  home  missions,  $4,306.16; 
Expenditure:  Foreign  missions,  $32,977.31;  home  mis- 
sions, $4,495. 

Free  Methodist  Woman's  Missionary  Society:  See  Wom- 
an^s  Work  Section. 

GERMAN  BAPTIST  BRETHREN  CHURCH  (1884) : 
General  Mission  and  Tract  Committee;  Headquarters:  El- 
gin, 111.;  Denomination:  Dunkers;  Secretary  and  Treas- 
urer: Galen  B.  Royer;  Fields:  India,  Sweden,  France, 
Switzerland,  Turkey,  United  States;  Income,  1905: 
$69,142.17;  Expenditure:  $53,920.84;  Organ:  The  Mis- 
sionary Visitor;  General  Notes:  The  nimiber  of  mission- 
aries in  the  foreign  field  is  25.  There  is  a  mission  to  the 
Italians  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.;  a  colored  mission  in  Arkansas. 

GERMAN  EVANGELICAL  SYNOD  OF  NORTH 
AMERICA:  Foreig-n  Mission  Board  of  (1867):  Head- 
quarters: St.  Louis,  Mo.;  Gen.  Secretary:  Rev.  E.  Schmidt, 
97  Huntington  avenue,  Buffalo,  N.  Y.;  Recording  Secre- 
tary: Rev.  Paul  A.  Menzel,  1920  G  street,  N.  W.,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C;  Treasurer:  Mr.  Th.  Speyser,  390  Genesee 
street,  Buffalo,  N.  Y.;  Fields:  Central  Provinces  of  India; 
Income,  year  ending  Feb.  1,  1906  (besides  balance 
$8,466.61):  $24,635.96;  Expenditure:  $28,643.81;  Organ: 
Fliegende  Missions-Blatter,  quarterly;  Deutscher  Missions 
Freund,  monthly;  General  Notes:  The  number  of  mission- 
aries, men  and  women,  is  16. 

GOSPEL  MISSIONARY  UNION  (1891):  Headquar- 
ters: 711  Forest  avenue,  Kansas  City,  Mo.;  Undenomina- 
tional; President:  Mr.  George  S.  Fisher;  Fields:  Morocco, 
Ecuador,  Indians  of  the  U.  S.  (Navajos) ;  Income  (1905) : 
$9,660.74;  Expenditure:  $9,000.31;  Organ:  The  Gospel 
Message,  monthly. 

HAUGE'S  SYNOD  CHINA  MISSION  (Hauges  Syn- 
odes  China  Mission,  1891)  :  Headquarters :  Redwing,  Minn.; 
Secretary:  Rev.  M.  0.  M.  Wee,  Jackson,  Minn.;  Fields: 
Provinces  of  Hupeh  and  Honan,   China. 

HARVARD  MISSION  (1904):  Headquarters:  Harvard 


110         The  Blue  Book  op  Missions  for  1907 

University,  Cambridge,  Mass.;  Chairman:  Prof.  E.  C. 
Moore ;  Secretary :  Mr.  Ralph  H.  Bollard ;  Fields :  All  fields 
where  Harvard  graduates  are  in  Missionary  service.  General 
Notes:  The  Society  is  composed  of  students  and  alumni  of 
Harvard  University  and  its  aim  is  to  unite  all  Harvard  men 
serving  under  any  foreign  Missionary  board  and  of  any 
communion  by  a  closer  tie  to  one  another  and  to  the  Univer- 
sity; to  secure  and  disseminate  information  about  the  work 
of  such  missionaries;  to  raise  money  for  the  support  in 
India  of  the  representative  of  the  Harvard  Christian  As- 
sociation, and  also  for  aiding  in  the  support  of  Harvard 
men  hereafter  sent  to  the  foreign  field;  to  send  out  men 
who  will  represent  the  University  in  foreign  fields  and  will 
be  sustained  by  the  sentiment  of  the  University  community, 
and  finally  by  all  these  means  to  foster  the  spirit  of  Mis- 
sions within  Harvard  University. 

HAWAIIAN  EVANGELICAL  ASSOCIATION  (1823) : 
Headquarters:  Honolulu,  Hawaiian  Islands;  Denomination: 
Congregational;  Secretary:  Rev.  D.  Scudder;  Treasurer: 
Theodore  Richards;  Field:  Hawaii;  Organ:  The  Friend; 
General  Notes:  The  Association  is  in  affiliation  with  the 
American  Missionary  Association.  Its  work  is  among 
Hawaiians,  Portuguese,  Chinese,  Japanese  and  English- 
speaking  people  throughout  the  Territory.  Its  workers, 
men  and  women,  number  146.  It  has  93  churches  with 
6,517  members. 

Woman^s  Board  of  Missions  for  the  Pacific  Islands: 
See  Congregational  division  of  Woman's  Work  Section. 

HEPZIBAH  FAITH  MISSIONARY  ASSOCIATION 
(1892)  :  Headquarters :  Tabor,  Iowa;  Secretary:  Mrs.  H. 
W.  Kelley;  Fields:  Japan,  India,  China,  Natal,  Transvaal; 
Income:  No  information;  Organ:  Sent  of  God;  John  Three 
Sixteen    (Young  people),   fortnightly. 

INTERNATIONAL  MEDICAL  MISSIONARY  SO- 
CIETY (1881)  :  Headquarters :  288  Lexington  avenue.  New 
York;  Denomination:  Interdenominational;  Secretary: 
George  D.  Dowkontt;  Treasurer:  J.  E.  Giles,  M.D.;  Object: 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         111 

Training  of  Medical  Missionaries  by  aid  to  students  who  are 
preparing  for  sei'vice  as  Medical  Missionaries. 

LUTHERAN:  FOREIGN  MISSIONS  COMMITTEE 
OF  THE  EVANGELICAL  LUTHERAN  JOINT  SYNOD 
OF  OHIO  AND  OTHER  STATES  (1884) ;  Headquarters: 
48  E.  Frankfort  street,  Columbus,  Ohio;  Secretary:  Rev. 
J.  H.  Schneider;  Treasurer:  J.  G.  Butz;  Fields:  The  fields 
of  the  Hermannsburg  Missionary  Society  of  Germany; 
Income,  from  July  16,  1902,  to  August  6,  1904:  $9,580.44; 
Expenditure,  during  the  same  time:  $9,499.84;  Organ: 
Lutheran  Standard. 

LUTHERAN:  BOARD  OF  FOREIGN  MISSIONS  OF 
THE  LUTHERAN  FREE  CHURCH  (1895);  Head- 
quarters:  Augsburg  Seminary,  Minneapolis,  Minn.;  Sec- 
retary:  Prof.  Geo.  Sverdrup;  Treasurer:  J.  H.  Blegen; 
Field:  Madagascar;  Income,  year  ending  May  31,  1906: 
$13,993.44;  Expenditure:  $13,666.47;  Organ:  Gasseren 
(in  Norwegian),  fortnightly. 

LUTHERAN:  BOARD  OF  FOREIGN  MISSIONS  OF 
THE  GENERAL  COUNCIL  OF  THE  EVANGELICAL 
LUTHERAN  CHURCH  IN  NORTH  AMERICA  (1867) ; 
Headquarters:  1§22- Arch  street,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  Cor. 
Secretary:  Rev.  W.  Ashmead  Schaeffer,  D.D.,  137  W. 
School  House  Lane,  Station  G.,  Philadelphia;  General 
Secretary:  Rev.  George  Drach,  29  E.  Mt.  Pleasant  avenue, 
Philadelphia;  Treasurer:  Philip  S.  Zieber,  Esq.,  Reading, 
Pa.;  Field:  Godaveri  district,  India;  Income,  1903-1905: 
$68,718.29;  Expenditure:  $57,919.09;  Organ:  Missions- 
Bote;  Foreign  Missionary.  General  Notes:  The  Society 
has  16  missionaries,  300  native  workers,  304  schools,  5,275 
scholars  and  6,135  communicants,  and  a  baptized  member- 
ship of  12,822. 

Evangelical  Lutheran  General  Council  Woman's  Mission- 
ary Society,  Home  and  Foreign:  See  Woman's  Work 
Section. 

LUTHERAN:  BOARD  OF  FOREIGN  MISSIONS  OF 
THE   GENERAL   SYNOD    OF   THE    EVANGELICAL 


112  The  Blue  Book  of  Missioxs  for  1907 

LUTHERAN  CHURCH  IN  THE  U.  S.  (1841);  Head- 
quarters: 21  W.  Saratoga  street,  Baltimore,  Md.;  Secre- 
tary: Rev.  Marion  J.  Kline,  D.D.;  Treasurer:  0.  F.  Lantz; 
Fields:  India,  Africa;  Income,  for  the  two  years  ending 
April  30,  1905:  $137,208.13;  Expenditure:  $131,095.31; 
Organ:  Lutheran  Missionary  Journal.  General  Notes: 
The  Society  has  35  missionaries,  607  native  workers,  291 
schools,  8,578  scholars,  and  11,820  communicants. 

LUTHERAN:  BOARD  OF  FOREIGN  MISSIONS 
AND  CHURCH  EXTENSION  OF  THE  UNITED 
SYNOD  OF  THE  EVANGELICAL  LUTHERAN 
CHURCH,  SOUTH  (1886);  Headquarters:  408  N.  Tryon 
street,  Charlotte,  N.  C. ;  President:  Rev.  R.  C.  Holland; 
Rec.  Secretary:  Rev.  W.  L.  Seabrook;  Treasurer:  John  A. 
Cline;  Field:  Japan;  Income,  for  two  years  ending  July  1. 
1904:  Home  Missions,  $17,000;  Foreign  Missions,  $11,945; 
Expenditure:  Home  Missions,  $17,000;  Foreign  Missions, 
$11,945:  Total,  $28,945.  General  Notes:  The  Society  is  to 
begin  theological  education  of  natives  at  an  early  day, 

MENNONITE  MISSION  BOARD  (1882)  :  Headquar- 
ters: Quakertown,  Pa.;  Secretary:  Rev.  A.  B.  Shelly; 
Treasurer:  Rev.  G.  Harder,  Whitewater,  Kansas;  Fields: 
India,  United  States  (Indians  in  Montana,  Arizona,  and 
Oklahoma) . 

METHODIST  EPISCOPAL  CHURCH:  Missionary 
Society  of  the  (1819)  :  Headquarters :  150  Fifth  avenue. 
New  York;  Secretaries:  Rev.  A.  B.  Leonard,  Rev.  H.  K. 
Carroll;  Missionary  Editor:  Charles  H.  Fahs;  Treasurer: 
Homer  Eaton;  Fields:  Liberia,  Rhodesia,  Angola,  Madeira 
Is.,  India,  China,  Japan,  Korea,  Borneo,  Java,  Straits 
Settlements,  Philippine  Islands,  Argentina,  Uruguay,  Para- 
guay, Peru,  Ecuador,  Panama,  Chile,  Bolivia,  Mexico, 
Germany,  Switzerland,  Norway,  Sweden,  Denmark,  Fin- 
land, Russia,  Austria-Hungary,  Italy,  Bulgaria;  Income, 
1905,  including  Women's  Societies  and  domestic  missions: 
$2,692,008.53;  Expenditure,  foreign  missions:  $1,822,- 
$268.64;    Organ:  World  Wide   Missions.     General  Notes: 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         113 

The  Society  has  in  the  foreign  field,  including  missions  in 
Europe,  810  missionaries,  8,689  native  workers,  1,987 
schools,  62,598  scholars,  and  248,378  professing  Christians 
of  whom  131,566  are  full  members.  The  fields  occupied 
by  the  Society  are  steadily  increasing.  Borneo  has  been 
entered,  also  Bolivia  and  Patagonia.  The  number  of  points 
occupied  in  China,  in  Korea,  and  in  the  Philippines  has 
been  largely  increased.  The  increase  is  noticeable  in  siuns 
contributed  by  native  churches  toward  the  support  of  their 
church  and  school  institutions.  This  increase  was  76  per 
cent,  in  the  six  years  1900-1905  over  the  amount  of  such 
contributions  in  the  preceding  six  years  (1894-1899, 
$1,219,965;  1900-1905,  $2,151,623).  The  appointment  of 
new  missionary  bishops  indicates  a  purpose  of  energetically 
pressing  forward  missionary   enterprises. 

Methodist  Episcopal  Woman's  Foreign  Missionary  So- 
ciety:  See  Woman's  Work  Section. 

Methodist  Episcopal  Woman's  Some  Missionary  Society: 
See  Woman's  Work  Section. 

METHODIST  EPISCOPAL  CHURCH  (SOUTH): 
BOARD  OF  MISSIONS  (1846):  Headquarters:  Nash- 
ville, Tennessee;  Secretaries:  Rev.  Walter  R.  Lambuth, 
Rev.  W.  W.  Pinson,  Rev.  J.  R.  Nelson;  Treasurer:  J.  D. 
Hamilton;  Sec.  of  Young  People's  Dep't:  Rev.  E.  F.  Cook; 
Fields:  China,  Korea,  Japan,  Brazil,  Mexico,  Cuba,  United 
States  (including  Indians,  immigrants,  and  Jews) ;  Income 
for  foreign  work:  $467,846  besides  the  receipts  of  the 
Woman's  Board  ($155,909);  Organ:  Go  Forward.  Gen- 
eral Notes:  The  Board  has  in  its  foreign  fields  251  mission- 
aries, men  and  women,  including  the  69  under  the  Woman's 
Foreign  Missionary  Society;  40  schools,  3,691  scholars,  and 
17,633  church  members,  of  whom  1,973  were  added  in  1905. 
In  every  direction  the  work  has  made  great  strides  forward. 

The  collections  for  Domestic  Missions  are  $228,240;  for 
Church  Extension,  $101,552;  Woman's  Home  Missionary 
Society,  $101,728,  making  an  aggregate,  when  added  to 
the  collections  of  the  two  Foredgn  Boards,  of  $1,055,275. 


114  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Methodist  Episcopal  (South)  Woman's  Board  of  Mis- 
sions: See  Woman^s  Work  Section. 

METHODIST    PROTESTANT    CHURCH:    Board  of 

Foreign  Missions  of  the  (1S88)  :  Headquarters :  Springfield, 
Ohio;  Secretary  and  Treasurer:  Rev.  T.  J.  Ogbum,  Greens- 
boro, N.  C. ;  Field:  Japan;  Income,  year  ending  April  30, 
1902:  $14,295.47;  Expenditure:  $15,248.47;  Organ:  Metho- 
dist Recorder. 

Woman's  Foreign  Missionary  Society:  See  Woman^s 
Work  Section. 

MORAVIAN  CHURCH  (Northern  Province  of  Amer- 
ica) SOCIETY  FOR  PROPAGATING  THE  GOSPEL 
AMONG  THE  HEATHEN  (1787):  Headquarters:  Beth- 
lehem, Pennsylvania;  President:  Rt.  Rev.  J.  Mortimer 
Levering;  Secretary  and  Treasurer  of  Missions:  Rev.  Paul 
de  Schweinitz;  Fields:  The  Missionary  Society  formed  to 
support  Moravian  Missions  everywhere  and  specifically  to 
care  for  work  among  the  Indians,  since  1885,  in  addition, 
has  superintended  the  Moravian  Mission  in  Alaska.  It  is 
auxiliary  to  the  general  Mora\dan  Missions,  which  see  in 
"Germany"  list  of  Societies. 

NATIONAL  BAPTIST  CONVENTION:  Foreign  Mis- 
sion Board  of  the  (1880)  :  Headquarters:  726  W.  Walnut 
street,  Louisville,  Ky. ;  Secretary:  Rev.  L.  G.  Jordan; 
Treasurer:  Rev.  C.  H.  Parrish;  Fields:  Africa  (West, 
South,  and  East  Central),  West  Indies,  South  America; 
Income,  1905:   $13,000;   Organ:  Mission   Herald,  monthly. 

NATIONAL  BAPTIST  CONVENTION:  Home  Mis- 
sion Board  of  the  (1880)  :  Headquarters :  Little  Rock,  Ark.; 
Cor.  Secretary:  Rev.  R.  H.  Boyd,  D.D.,  Nashville,  Tenn.; 
Treasurer:  P.  A.  Knowles,  Little  Rock,  Ark. 

NEW  JERUSALEM  IN  U.  S.  A. :  Board  of  Home  and 
Foreign  Missions  of  the  General  Convention  of:  Headquar- 
ters: 16  Arlington  street,  Boston,  Mass.;  Denomination: 
Swedenhorgian ;  Secretary:  Rev.  Willard  H.  Hinkley; 
Treasurer:  Dr.   E.   A.   Whiston;    Fields:   United   States, 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         115 

Sweden,  Denmark,  Germany,  Switzerland,  Italy,  Brazil; 
Income,  year  ending  May  1,  1906 :  $5,182.18 ;  Expenditure : 
$4,843.89. 

NORTH  INDIA  SCHOOL  OF  MEDICINE  FOR 
CHRISTIAN  WOMEN:  American  Committee  for  the: 
Chairman:  Rev.  C.  C.  Hall,  D.D.,  Union  Theological  Sem- 
inary, New  York  City;  Field  Secretary:  Miss  A.  R.  Lee,  7 
Perry  st.,  Morristown,  N.  J. ;  Acting  Treasurer :  Rev.  F.  B. 
Dwight,  Convent  Station,  N.  J.     See  India  Section. 

NORWEGIAN  LUTHERAN  CHURCH  IN  AMER- 
ICA :  Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  United  (1858)  : 
Denomination:  Lutheran;  Secretary:  Rev.  M.  Saeterlie, 
Stanley,  Wis.;  Fields:  Madagascar,  China. 

PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH  IN  THE  U.  S. 
(NORTH):  Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  (1837): 
Headquarters:  156  Fifth  avenue,  New  York;  Secretaries: 
Rev.  F.  F.  Ellinwood,  D.D.,  Mr.  R.  E.  Speer,  Rev.  A.  J. 
Brown,  D.D.,  Rev.  A.  W.  Halsey,  D.D.;  Treasurer:  Mr. 
Dwight  H.  Day;  Fields:  Kamerun,  Spanish  W.  Africa, 
China,  India,  Japan,  Korea,  Mexico,  Persia,  Siam,  Philip- 
pine Islands,  Guatemala,  Brazil,  Chile,  Colombia,  Turkey 
(Syria);  Income,  year  ending  April  30,  1906:  $1,171,- 
867.76;  Expenditure:  $1,241,821.20;  Organ:  Assembly 
Herald;  General  Notes:  The  Society  reports  889  mission- 
aries, men  and  women,  2,611  native  workers,  995  schools, 
32,430  scholars,  and  63,480  communicants. 

During  1905  a  great  revival  in  India  had  fruit  in  prayer, 
confession  of  sin  and  witness  bearing  for  Christ.  In  Korea 
a  revival  added  large  numbers  to  the  church,  and  there  is  a 
remarkable  advance  in  self-support.  In  the  Philippines 
progress  has  exceeded  the  most  sanguine  expectations,  the 
number  of  church  members  there  now  numbering  4,000.  In 
China  political  unrest  is  accompanied  by  opportunities 
which  are  unsurpassed  and  which  the  missionaries  are  alert 
to  improve.  Progress  in  the  missions  includes  more  than 
increase  in  numbers;  the  schools  and  the  great  presses  of 


116  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

the  Society  (iii  Syria,  China,  and  elsewhere)   extend  their 
area  of  effectiveness  with  every  year. 

Presbyterian  (North)  Woman's  Board  of  Missions:  See 
Woman's  Work  Section. 

PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH  IN  THE  U.  S.  A. 
(NORTH),  BOARD  OF  HOME  MISSIONS:  Headquar- 
ters: 156  Fifth  avenue,  New  York  City;  Secretary:  Rev. 
Charles  L.  Thompson,  D.D.;  Associate  Secretaries:  Rev. 
John  Dixon,  D.D.,  Mr.  Joseph  Ernest  McAfee;  Treasurer: 
Mr.  Harvey  C.  Olin;  Superintendent  of  School  Work:  Rev. 
R.  M.  Craig;  Superintendent  of  Department  of  Church  and 
Labor:  Rev.  C.  Stelzle;  Field  Secretary:  Rev.  B.  P.  Ful- 
lerton,  D.D. ;  Fields:  The  United  States,  including  Alaska, 
Porto  Rico  and  16  nationalities  of  foreign  immigrants;  In- 
come, year  ending  March  31,  1906:  $911,793.72;  Expendi- 
ture: $913,390.06  (The  receipts  and  expenditures  of  the 
Woman's  Board  are  included  in  these  figures.);  Organ: 
Assembly  Herald,  Over  Sea  and  Land;  General  Notes:  A 
feature  of  growing  interest  and  importance  is  the  special 
mission  to  workingmen,  which  is  leading  to  the  appoint- 
ment of  representatives  of  ministers'  associations  to  be 
members  of  labor  organizations. 

For  Woman's  Board  of  Home  Missions:  See  Woman's 
Work  Section. 

PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH  IN  THE  U.  S.  (SOUTH) : 
Executive  Committee  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  (1861)  : 
Headquarters:  Chamber  of  Commerce  Building,  Nashville, 
Tennessee;  Co-ordinate  Secretaries:  Rev.  S.  H.  Chester  and 
Rev.  J.  0.  Reavis;  Editor:  Rev.  H.  F.  Williams;  Fields: 
Congo  Free  State,  China,  Japan,  Korea,  Mexico,  Cuba, 
Brazil;  Income,  year  ending  March  31,  1906:  $266,317; 
Expenditure:  $274,344;  Organ:  The  Missionary,  The  Chil- 
dren's Missionary,  both  monthly;  General  Notes:  The  So- 
ciety reports  206  misionaries,  men  and  women,  293  native 
workers,  10,824  communicants,  of  whom  2,182  were  received 
during  the  last  year-. 

PRIMITIVE  METHODIST  CHURCH  IN  U.  S.  (1896)  : 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  117 

Secretary:  Rev.  Daniel  Savage,  Plymouth,  Luzerne  Co., 
Penn.:  Fields:  Auxiliary  to  the  Primitive  Methodist  Mis- 
sionary Society  of  Great  Britain. 

PROTESTANT  EPISCOPAL  CHURCH  IN  U.  S.  A.; 
Domestic  and  Foreign  Missionary  Society  of  the  (1835)  : 
Headquarters:  281  Fourth  avenue.  New  York;  Gen.  Secre- 
tary: Rev.  A.  S.  Lloyd;  Associate  Secretary:  Rev.  J.  Kim- 
ber;  Corresponding  Secretary:  Mr.  John  W.  Wood;  Treas- 
urer: George  C.  Thomas;  Fields:  Foreign — Liberia,  China, 
Japan,  Haiti,  Mexico;  Domestic — United  States,  including 
Alaska,  Porto  Rico,  Hawaii  and  the  Philippine  Islands; 
Income,  year  ending  Aug.  31,  1906:  $566,137.59  for  For- 
eign Missions,  and  $729,374.18  for  Domestic  Missions;  Ex- 
penditure, Domestic  Missions,  $733,086.37;  Foreign  Mis- 
sions, $545,786.76;  Organ:'  Spirit  of  Missions,  monthly; 
The  Young  Christian  Soldier,  weekly,  and  also  monthly; 
General  Notes:  In  April,  1905,  the  American  Church  Mis- 
sionary Society  transferred  to  the  Board  of  Missions  its 
work  in  Cuba.  The  Society  maintains  its  corporate  exist- 
ence to  administer  its  trust  funds.  The  income  of  these 
except  where  specially  directed  is  now  used  for  the  domestic 
work.  In  Brazil  there  are  twenty-one  stations  and  out- 
stations  in  charge  of  nine  clergymen,  and  in  Cuba  eighteen 
stations  and  out-stations  with  nine  clergymen.  The  plan  of 
apportioning  missionary  expenditures  upon  the  different 
congregations  has  resulted  in  largely  increasing  the  amount 
given  in  each  year.  In  1905  the  number  of  congregations 
making  offerings  for  missions  was  4,179  as  against  2,226 
giving  congregations  in  1901.  The  Society  reports  in  its 
foreign  missions  175  missionaries,  men  and  women,  565 
native  workers,  146  schools,  6,177  scholars,  and  6,307  com- 
municants. 

Protestant  Episcopal  Woman's  Auxiliary  to  the  Board  of 
Missions:  See  Woman's  Work  Section. 

REFORMED  CHURCH  IN  AMERICA:  Board  of  For- 
eign Missions  of  the  (1832)  :  Headquarters:  25  E.  22d  St., 
New     York;     Denomination:     Reformed     (Dutch);     Cor- 


V 


118         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

responding  Secretary:  Rev.  H.  N.  Cobb;  Field  Secretary: 
Rev.  J.  W.  Conklin;  Treasurer:  W.  H.  Van  Steenburgh; 
Assistant  Treasurer:  Rev.  J.  L.  Amerman;  Fields:  China, 
India,  Japan,  Arabia;  Income,  year  ending  May  1,  1906: 
$174,464.74  (including  Arabian  Mission);  Expenditure: 
$157,328.82  (including  Arabian  Mission);  Organ:  Mission 
Field,  Neglected  Arabia;  General  Notes:  The  Society  re- 
ports 100  missionaries,  men  and  women,  550  native  workers, 
193  schools,  7,881  scholars,  and  5,062  communicants. 

Reformed  Church  in  America  Woman's  Board  of  Mis- 
sions:  See  Woman's  Work  Section. 

REFORMED  CHURCH  IN  AMERICA:  Board  of 
Domestic  Missions:  Headquaretrs :  25  East  Twenty- 
second  street.  New  York  City;  Denomination:  Reformed 
Dutch;  Acting  Secretary:  Rev.  W.  H.  Vroom,  D.D.; 
Treasurer:  W.  T.  Demarest;  Income,  year  ending  April  30, 
1906:  $115,085.32;  Organ:  Mission  Field,  monthly;  Day 
Star  (for  children),  monthly. 

Reformed  Church  in  America  Women's  Executive  Com- 
mittee for  Domestic  Missions:  See  Woman's  Work  Section. 

REFORMED  CHURCH  IN  U.  S.  (GERMAN)  :  Board 
of  Commissioners  for  Foreign  Missions  of  the  (1879) : 
Headquarters:  1306  Arch  street,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  Sec- 
retary: Rev.  Allen  R.  Bartholomew;  Treasurer:  Dr.  J.  L. 
Lemberger;  Fields:  Japan,  China;  Income,  for  three 
years.  May  1,  1904,  Dec.  31,  1906:  $219,466;  Expendi- 
ture, three  years:  $274,000;  General  Notes:  The  Society 
reports  47  missionaries,  men  and  women,  100  native  work- 
ers, 50  schools,  and  2,650  communicants. 

REFORMED  EPISCOPAL  CHURCH  IN  THE 
UNITED  STATES:  Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the 
(1894):  Headquarters:  Philadelphia,  Pa.:  Denomination: 
Reformed  Episcopal;  President:  Bishop  H.  S.  Hoffman, 
D.D.,  1317  North  Broad  street;  Secretary:  Mr.  H.  H.  Sin- 
amon,  2067  East  Cumberland  street;  Treasurer:  Rev.  C. 
F.  Hendricks,  B.D.,  2630  North  12th  street. 

REFORMED  PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH  IN  NORTH 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  119 

AMERICA:  Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  Synod  of 
the  (1856):  Headquarters:  325  West  Fifty-sixth  street, 
N.  Y. ;  Secretary:  R.  M.  Somraerville ;  Fields:  Turkey 
(Syria,  Asia  Minor,  Cyprus),  China;  Income:  $31,893;  Ex- 
penditure: $20,215;   Organ:  Olive  Trees,  monthly. 

SCANDINAVIAN  ALLIANCE  OF  NORTH  AMER- 
ICA (1891):  Headquarters:  81  Ashland  Boulevard,  Chi- 
cago, 111.;  Denomination:  Interdenominational;  Secretary: 
Rev.  C.  T.  Dyrness;  Treasurer:  Prof.  F.  Risberg;  Fields: 
China,  Mongolia,  East  Africa,  South  Africa,  Japan,  and 
South  America. 

SEVENTH  DAY  ADVENTIST  GENERAL  CONFER- 
ENCE :  Foreign  Mission  Committee  of  the  (1887)  :  Head- 
quarters: Takoma  Park,  Washington,  D.  C. ;  Secretary: 
W.  A.  Spicer;  Treasurer:  I.  H.  Evans;  Fields:  United 
States,  Canada,  Newfoundland,  Alaska,  Hawaii,  West 
Indies,  Mexico,  Central  America,  South  America,  Europe, 
Turkey,  Japan,  China,  Korea,  Straits  Settlements,  Philip- 
pine Islands,  Samoa,  Fiji  Islands,  Cook  Islands,  Friendly 
Islands,  Society  Islands,  Australia,  India,  Africa;  Income: 
Not  reported;  Organ:  Advent  Review  and  Sabbath  Herald. 

SEVENTH  DAY  BAPTIST  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY 
(1842):  Secretary:  Rev.  0.  U.  Whitford,  Alfred,  N.  Y.; 
Treasurer:  George  A.  Utter;  Fields:  China,  England,  Hol- 
land, the  LTnited  States ;  Income,  year  ending  July  31,  1901 : 
$14,576.66;  Expenditure:  $14,60i.70  (of  which  for  foreign 
missions,  $3,694.08) ;  Organ:  Sabbath  Recorder. 

SOUTELERN  BAPTIST  CONVENTION  (1845)  :  For- 
eign Mission  Board  of  the:  Headquarters:  1103  Main 
street,  Richmond,  Va. ;  Secretary:  Rev.  R.  J.  Willingham; 
Ass't  Secretary:  W.  H.  Smith;  Treasurer:  J.  C.  Williams; 
Fields:  China,  Japan,  Lagos  (W.  Africa),  Mexico,  Brazil, 
Italy,  Argentina;  Income,  year  ending  May  1,  1906:  $324,- 
009;  Expenditure:  $343,072;  Organ:  Foreig-n  Mission 
Journal;  General  Notes:  The  Society  has  an  income  larger 
than  ever  before.     The  number  of  baptisms  in  the  field  is 


120  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

larger  the  past  year  (2,445)  than  ever  before.  The  Society 
is  giving  great  attention  to  educating  native  workers. 

Souihern  Baptist  Convention  Women's  Missionary  Union: 
See  Woman's  Work  Section. 

SUDAN  UNITED  MISSION:  United  States  Council  of 
the:  Headquarters:  329  East  Walnut  Lane,  Germantown, 
Philadelphia,  Pa.;  Secretary  for  the  V.  S.:  Charles  Kurz- 
halz.    See  British  Section,  also  Canadian  Section. 

SWEDISH  EVANGELICAL  MISSION  COVENANT 
OF  AMERICA  (1SS5)  :  Headquarters:  North  Park  Col- 
lege, Chicago,  111.;  Denomination:  Lutheran;  Secretaries: 
Prof.  D.  Nyvall,  A.  Mellander;  Fields:  Swedish  immigrants 
in  the  United  States,  Alaska,  China;  Income,  year  ending 
April  30,  1902:  $67,138.75;  Expenditure:  $66,578.22;  Or- 
gan: Missionaren. 

UNITED  BRETHREN  IN  CHRIST :  Foreign  Mission- 
ary Society  of  the  (1853)  :  Headquarters :  Cor.  Main  and 
Fourth  streets,  Dayton,  Ohio;  Treasurer:  Rev.  W.  McKee; 
Fields:  Japan,  Sierra  Leone,  W.  Africa,  Greraiany,  Porto 
Rico ;  Income :  Home  Frontier  and  Foreign  Missions :  $111,- 
688.52;  Expenditure  (foreign  missions),  year  ending 
March  31,  1904:  $16,304.46;  Organ:  The  Searchlight. 

UNITED  BRETHREN  IN  CHRIST :  Home  Missionary 
Society  of  the  (1905)  :  Headquarters:  904  U.  B.  Building, 
Dayton,  Ohio;  Gen.  Secretary:  Rev.  C.  Whitney;  Educa- 
tional Secretary:  Lyda  B.  Wiggim;  Field  Secretary:  Rev. 
L.  0.  Burtner;  Field:  The  United  States;  Income,  1905: 
$19,638.63;  Expenditure:  $23,838.03;  Organ:  Missionary 
Advance;  General  Notes:  The  Society  has  90  missionaries 
in  19  States;  the  church  membership  on  the  mission  field  is 
6,913,  and  additions  during  1905  were  1,773.  The  figures 
indicating  income  and  expenditure  are  in  addition  to  sums 
locally  applied  to  Home  Mission  work  by  the  various  annual 
Conferences. 

Woman's  Missionary  Association  of  the  United  Brethren 
in  Christ.     See  Woman's  Work  Section. 

UNITED  EVANGELICAL  CHURCH  BOARD  OF 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         121 

HOME  AND  FOREIGN  MISSIONS  (1899)  :  Correspond- 
ing Secretary:  Rev.  B.  H.  Niebel,  Le  Mars,  Iowa; 
Treasurer:  J.  G.  Mohn;  Field:  China;  Income,  1905-06  (for 
both  Home  and  Foreign  Missions):  $98,110.74;  General 
Notes:  The  Society  has  4  men  and  4  women  missionaries  in 
the  foreign  field. 

United  Evangelical  Church  Woman^s  Missionary  Society: 
See  Woman's  Work  Section. 

UNITED  PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH  OF  NORTH 
AMERICA  (1859):  Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the: 
Headquarters:  921  Wilherspoon  Building,  Philadelphia, 
Pa.;  Cor.  Secretary:  R^v.  Chas.  R.  Watson;  Treasurer:  Mr. 
R.  L.  Latimer;  Fields:  Egypt,  India,  the  Egyptian  Sudan; 
Income,  year  ending  April  30,  1906:  $262,369.43;  Expendi- 
ture :  $295,900.05 ;  General  Notes :  The  United  Presbyterian 
Church  of  North  America  came  into  existence  in  1858 
through  the  union  of  the  Associate  Refonned  and  the  As- 
sociate Presbyterian  Churches.  The  missions  in  Egypt  and 
India  were  founded  four  and  three  years  respectively  before 
this  union.  In  India  the  fiftieth  anniversary  of  the 
founding  of  the  mission  was  celebrated  with  impress- 
sive  exercises  in  the  Spring  of  1905.  A  remarkable 
revival  at  Sialkot  influenced  every  part  of  the  field  of  the 
mission  and  remains  on  record  as  the  most  important  event 
of  the  fii'st  fifty  years  of  the  history  of  the  mission.  The 
mission  in  the  Egyptian  Sudan  is  making  slow  but  steady 
progress.  In  Egypt  a  new  evangelistic  purpose  appears  in 
the  native  church  organization.  The  increase  in  churcli 
membership  during  the  year  in  Egypt  was  844 — more  than 
the  increase  in  any  previous  year.  Great  unrest  is  evident 
among  the  Mohammedans  of  Egypt  and  there  is  a  tendency 
to  resort  to  violence  because  Christianity  is  sure  to  have  a 
power  that  cannot  be  checked.  The  number  of  missionaries, 
men  and  women,  is  172,  with  1,140  native  workers,  357 
schools,  24,359  scholars,  and  50,612  professing  Christians, 
of  whom  19,798  are  communicants. 

United  Presbyterian  Women's  General  Missionary  Society : 
See  Woman's  Work  Section. 


122  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

WESLEYAN  METHODIST  CONNECTION  OF 
AMERICA:  Missionary  Society  of  the  (1880)  :  Headquar- 
ters: 316-318  East  Onondaga  street,  Syracuse,  New  York; 
Secretary:  Rev.  E.  Teter;  Income:  About  $12,000;  Organ: 
Wesleyan  Methodist. 

YALE  FOREIGN  MISSIONAY  SOCIETY  (1902): 
Headquarters:  233  Durfee  Hall,  Yale  University,  New 
Haven,  Connecticut;  Denomination:  Interdenominational; 
Secretary:  Prof.  E.  B.  Reed,  Ph.D.;  Treasurer:  Pierce  N. 
Welch;  Field:  China;  General  Notes:  Has  7  missionaries, 
men  and  women,  in  the  field.  A  College  is  about  to  be 
opened  at  Chang'sha. 

Woman's  Union  Missionary  Society:  See  Woman^s  Work 
Section. 

SOCIETIES  IN  GREAT   BRITAIN  AND  IRELAND 

AFRICAN  TRAINING  INSTITUTE  (1889):  Head- 
quarters:  African  Institute,  Colwyn  Bay,  North  Wales; 
Denomination:  Undenominational;  Director:  Rev.  W. 
Hughes;  Field:  West  Africa;  Income:  No  information 
received;  Expenditure:  No  information  received;  General 
Notes:  This  establishment  is  designed  to  train  young  Afri- 
cans for  religious  or  industrial  work  among  their  own  peo- 
ple, especially  in  the  Congo  region. 

ALL  NATIONS  MISSIONARY  UNION:  A  continuar 
tion  of  the  Missionary  Pence  Association  (1892)  and  Infor- 
mation Bureau  (1886)  :  Headquarters:  Rooms  21  and  22, 
Exeter  Hall,  Strand,  London,  W.  C;  Denomination:  Inter- 
denominational; Secretary:  W.  Rogers  Jones;  Hon.  Trea<i- 
urer:  John  Jackson,  Esq.;  Fields:  Assists  missions  of  all 
the  Churches;  Income:  No  information;  Organ:  All  Na- 
tions. 

ARCHBISHOP^S  MISSION  TO  ASSYRIAN  CHRIS- 
TIANS (1884):  Headquarters:  Church  House,  Dean's 
Yard,  Westminster  Abbey,  London,  S.  W.,  England;  De- 
nomination: Church  of  England;  Secretary:  Rev.  A.  H. 
Lang;    Fields:    The  regions  inhabited  by  the  Nestorians,. 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         123 

both  in  Turkey  and  in  Persia;  Income:  No  information 
received;  Expenditure:  No  information  received;  General 
Notes :  This  organization  aims  to  educate  young  men  for  the 
priesthood  of  the  Nestorian  Church,  without  interference 
with  the  independence  or  the  doctrinal  teaching  of  the 
Church.  In  receives  aid  from  a  committee  of  the  American 
Protestant  Episcopal  Church. 

BAPTIST  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY:  Headquarters: 
19  Furnival  street,  Holborn,  London,  E.  C,  England;  Sec- 
retaries: Rev.  C.  E.  Wilson,  B.A.,  Rev.  J.  B.  Myers;  Treas- 
urer: Edward  Robinson,  J.P.;  Field:  India  (Bengal,  Orissa, 
United  Provinces),  Ceylon,  China,  Congo  Free  State,  West 
Indies;  Income,  year  ending  March  31,  1906:  $431,414.41 
(£88,657  15s.  9d.) ;  Expenditure:  $476,943.90  (£98,013  9s. 
lOd.) ;  Organs  Baptist  Missionary  Herald,  Juvenile  Mission- 
ary Herald,  both  monthly;  General  Notes:  This  Society  has 
(January,  1906)  276  missionaries,  men  and  women;  2,795 
native  workers  (including  day  school  teachers) ;  1,008  sta- 
tions and  sub-stations;  21,120  scholars  under  instruction; 
56,456  church  members,  of  whom  1,778  were  baptized  in 
1905.  Eleven  new  missionaries  were  accepted  during  the 
year.  There  are  larger  additions  to  the  native  churches 
than  in  several  years  past,  and  among  these  churches  there 
is  a  marked  growth  in  evangelistic  aggressiveness.  The  new 
Mission  in  the  Chittagong  and  South  Lushai  Hill  country 
(India)  is  remarkably  prosperous.  The  same  is  true  of  some 
of  the  Congo  stations. 

BIBLE  LANDS  MISSIONS'  AID  SOCIETY  (1854) : 
Headquarters :  7  Adam  street.  Strand,  London,  W.  C,  Eng- 
land; Secretary:  Rev.  S.  W.  Gentle-Cackett ;  Treasurer: 
Lord  Kinnaird;  Fields:  Greece,  Macedonia,  Asia  Minor, 
Persia,  Arabia,  Egypt,  Syria,  Palestine  and  Cyprus;  In- 
come, year  ending  March  31,  1906:  $12,000;  Expenditure: 
$11,900;  Organ:  Star  in  the  East.  The  Society  sends  out  no 
missionaries,  but  aids  with  grants  of  money  the  establish- 
ments of  different  denominations  which  exist  in  the  coun- 
tries named  above. 


124  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

BRITISH  SOCIETY  FOB  THE  PROPAGATION  OF 
THE  GOSPEL  AMONG  THE  JEWS  (1842)  :  Headquar- 
ters: 9  Great  James  street,  Bedford  Row,  London,  W.  C; 
Denomination:  Interdenominational;  Secretary:  Rev.  Isaac 
Levinson;  Treasurer:  Robert  Greer,  Esq.,  J.P.;  Fields:  Eng- 
land, Scotland,  Ireland,  Austria,  Germany,  Italy,  Russia 
and  Turkey ;  Income,  year  ending  April  15, 1905 :  $24,575.32 
(£5,050);  Expenditure:  $25,645.95  (£5,270);  Organ: 
Jewish  Missionary  Herald. 

CENTRAL  MOROCCO  MISSION  (1886)  :  Headquar- 
ters: Rabat,  Morocco;  Denomination:  Undenominational; 
Director:  Dr.  R.  Kerr,  Rabat,  Morocco;  Secretary  and 
Treasurer:  Mr.  Grahame  Wilson,  191  Meadowpark  street, 
Dennistoun,  Glasgow,  Scotland;  Field:  Morocco;  Income, 
year  ending  September,  1902 :  $2,264.76. 

CEYLON  AND  INDIA  GENERAL  MISSION  (1893) : 
Headquarters:  India,  Hindupur;  England,  London;  De- 
nomination: Interdenominational;  Director:  Mr.  B.  David- 
son, Hindupur;  Secretary:  Mr.  David  Gardiner,  46  Beres- 
ford  Road,  Highbury,  London;  Treasurer:  Mr.  Gardiner; 
Fields:  South  India  and  Ceylon;  Income,  year  ending 
December  31,  1905:  $9,815.72  (£2,107);  Expenditure: 
$8,720.76;  Organ:  Darkness  and  Li^t. 

CHINA  INLAND  MISSION  (1865):  Headquarters: 
Newington  Green,  Mildmay,  London,  N.,  England;  Mission 
offices  in  the  U.  S,,  702  Witherspoon  Building,  Philadelphia, 
Pa.;  in  Canada,  507  Church  street,  Tononto,  Ont. ;  Denom- 
ination: Interdenominational;  Director:  D.  E.  Hoste; 
Secretary:  F.  Marcus  Wood;  Editorial  Secretary:  Mar- 
shall Broomhall;  Treasurer:  Robert  Scott;  Secretary  and 
Treasurer  for  the  U.  S.,  Henry  W.  Frost;  Secretary  and 
Treasurer  for  Canada,  J.  S.  Helmer;  Fields:  China;  In- 
come: $354,887;  Organ:  China's  Millions,  monthly;  Gen- 
eral Notes:  The  Society  reports  849  missionaries,  men  and 
women,  890  native  workers,  837  stations  and  outstations, 
and  14,078  communicants,  of  whom  2,541  were  added  in 
1905. 


The  Blue  Book  op  Missions  for  1907         125 

CHINA:  MURRAY'S  MISSION  TO  THE  BLIND  AND 
ILLITERATE  IN  (1S87)  :  Headquarters:  Peking;  De- 
nomination: L'^ndenominational ;  Secretary:  John  Grant, 
Esq.  (Grant  &  Wylie,  Solicitors),  204  St.  Vincent  street, 
Glasgow,  Scotland;  Field:  China;  Income,  1905:  $8,487 
(£1,744). 

CHRISTIAN  FAITH:  Society  for  Advancing  the 
(1691)  :  Headquarters :  No.  1,  The  Broad  Sanctuarj', 
Westminster,  London,  England;  Denomination:  Church  of 
England;  Secretary:  Harry  W.  Lee,  Esq.;  Fields:  West 
Indies,  Mauritius:  Income:  Wholly  from  invested  funds. 

CHRISTIAN  MISSIONS  IN  MANY  LANDS  (Eng- 
land, Mission  of  the  Brethren,  1827):  Treasurers:  J.  L. 
Maclean,  M.D.,  W.  H.  Bennet,  R.  E.  Sparks,  B.A.,  10  Wid- 
combe  Crescent,  Bath,  England;  Fields:  India,  Malaysia, 
China,  Japan,  Siam,  Laos,  North,  Central,  and  South 
Africa,  Mexico,  Central  America,  West  Indies,  South 
America,  France,  Spain,  Italy  and  other  European 
Countries;  Organ:  Echoes  of  Service,  fortnightly;  General 
Notes:  No  statistics  are  published  by  this  body.  The  num- 
ber of  its  missionaries,  men  and  women,  is  about  470. 

CHURCH  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  FOR  AFRICA 
AND  THE  EAST  (1799):  Headquarters:  Church  Mis- 
sionary House,  Salisbury  Square,  London,  E.  C,  England; 
Denomination:  Church  of  England;  Secretaries:  Rev. 
Henry  Elliot  Fox,  M.A.;  Mr.  Eugene  Stock;  Foreign  Dep't, 
Rev.  B.  Baring-Gould,  M.A.;  Rev.  F.  Baylis,  M.A.;  Rev.  G. 
B.  Durrant,  M.A.;  Candidates'  Dep't,  Rev.  D.  H.  D.  Wilkin- 
son, M.A.;  Home  Organization  Dep't,  Rt.  Rev.  E.  G.  Ing- 
ham, D.D.;  Mr.  H.  Lankester,  M.D.;  Editorial  Dep't,  Rev. 
G.  Furness  Smith;  Lay  Dep't,  Mr.  D.  Marshall  Lang;  Treas- 
urer-. Col.  Robert  Wiliams,  M.P.;  Physician,  Mr.  C.  F.  Har- 
ford, M.D.;  Fields:  Africa  (Sierra  Leone,  Lagos,  Nigeria, 
British  East  Africa,  German  East  Africa,  Uganda,  Sudan, 
Egypt),  Palestine,  Turkish  Arabia,  Persia,  India,  Ceylon, 
Mauritius,  China,  Japan,  N.  W.  Canada,  British  Columbia; 
Income:  $1,907,254.82   (£391,911);  Expenditure:  $1,916,- 


126  The  Blue  Book  op  Missions  for  1907 

865.68  (£393,890);  Organ:  Church  Missionary  Intelli- 
gencer, Church  Missionai-y  Gleaner,  Mercy  and  Truth  (Medi- 
cal Missions) ;  General  Notes:  The  Society  reports,  June  1, 
1906,  534  stations;  1,397  missionaries,  men  and  women; 
134,737  pupils  in  school,  of  all  grades,  and  311,802  pro- 
fessed Christians,  of  whom  22,364  were  baptized  during 
1905,  and  90,107  are  communicants. 

The  Society,  in  1804,  sent  its  tirst  two  missionaries  to  the 
Rio  Pongas  in  Western  Africa.  Twelve  years  later  it  con- 
centrated effort  upon  Sierra  Leone,  whence  it  advanced  into 
Yorubaland  and  the  Niger  Districts,  and  has  reached  the 
Hausa  speaking  and  pagan  tribes  in  the  far  interior.  In  East- 
ern Africa  its  first  missionaries  were  Dr.  Krapf  and  Rev.  J. 
Rebmann,  whose  remarkable  journeys  had  fruit  in  subse- 
quent geographical  and  missionary  enterprises.  Wonderful 
success  has  attended  the  Uganda  Mission,  commenced  in 
1876,  and  of  which  the  stations  extend  to  the  southern 
limits  of  the  Sudan.  In  1906  a  pioneer  party  of  six  mis- 
sionaries was  established  among  the  pagan  tribes  of  the 
southern  Sudan.  In  1813  the  Society  began  labor  in  India, 
where  more  than  one-third  of  its  stations  and  nearly  the 
same  proportion  of  its  missionaries  are  now  found.  The 
Ceylon  Mission  was  commenced  in  1817.  Work  in  China 
began  at  Shanghai  in  1844,  and  now  reaches  seven  provinces 
of  the  empire.  Both  there  and  in  Japan,  as  in  other  fields, 
the  Society  makes  great  use  of  the  ministry  of  single  women. 
In  N.  W.  Canada  and  British  Columbia  most  of  the  Indians 
have  embraced  Christianity,  and  grants  in  aid  of  work 
among  them  are  gradually  being  diminished.  In  all  of  its 
fields  the  Society  pays  special  attention  to  work  among  Mo- 
hammedans. Its  medical  work  is  on  a  large  scale;  and  of 
its  79  fully  qualified  doctors,  21  are  women. 

COLONIAL  AND  CONTINENTAL  CHURCH  SO- 
CIETY (1823):  Headquarters:  9  Serjeants  Inn,  Fleet 
street,  London,  E.  C,  England;  Denomination:  Church  of 
England;  Secretary:  Rev.  J.  D.  MuUins,  M.A.;  Fields:  The 
colonies  of  the  British  Empire,  and  the  continent  of  Eu- 
rope, 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         127 

COLONIAL  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  (1836)  :  Head- 
quarters: 22  Memorial  Hall,  Farringdon  street,  London,  E. 
C,  England;  Denomination:  Congregational;  Secretarjj : 
Rev.  R.  Burford  Hooke;  Fields:  The  British  Colonies;  Or- 
gan: The  British  Missionary  (supplement  to  the  Evangelical 
Magazine). 

DUBLIN  UNIVERSITY  MISSION  TO  CHOTA  NAG- 
PUR  (1891)  :  In  connection  with  the  SPG. 

EDINBURGH  MEDICAL  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY 
(1841)  :  Headquarters :  Mission  House,  56  George  Square, 
Edinburgh,  Scotland:  Secretary:  E.  Sargood  Fry;  Treas- 
urer: H.  Rainy,  16  Great  Stuart  street,  Edinburgh; 
Fields:  Scotland,  Turkey  (Syria),  India;  Income  (1902): 
$22,049.82  (£4,537) ;  Expenditure:  $24,256  (£4,991) ;  Or- 
gan :  Quarterly  Paper. 

EGYPT:  ASSOCIATION  FOR  FURTHERANCE  OP 
CHRISTIANITY  IN  (1883):  Headquarters:  7  Dean's 
Yard,  Westminster  Abbey,  London,  S.  W.,  England;  De- 
nomination: Church  of  England;  Secretary:  Rev.  R.  Mil- 
bum  Blakiston ;  Fields :  The  Coptic  Church,  Egypt. 

EGYPT  GENERAL  MISSION  (1898):  Headquarters: 
6  Randolph  Road,  London,  W.;  Secretary  and  Treasurer: 
J.  Martin  Cleaver;  Secretary  to  Field  Council:  J.  Gordon 
Logan,  Belbeis,  Egypt;  Fields:  Egypt,  Sudan;  Organ:  E. 
G.  M.  News,  bi-monthly. 

ENGLAND:  FOREIGN  MISSIONS  COMMITTEE  OF 
THE  PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH  OF  (1847):  Head- 
quarters: 7  East  India  avenue,  London,  E.  C,  England; 
Secretary :  Rev.  W.  M.  Dale ;  Financial  Secretary :  Mr.  John 
Leggat;  Fields:  China,  Japan  (Formosa),  Straits  Settle- 
ments, India  (Bengal) ;  Income,  year  ending  December  31, 
1905:  $134,962.53  (£27,733);  Expenditure:  $159,436.29 
(£32,762);  Organ:  Monthly  Messenger. 

Presbyterian  Church  of  England  Woman's  Missionary  So- 
ciety: See  Woman's  Work  Section. 

ENGLAND:  PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH  OF  ENG- 


128         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

LAND  MISSION  TO  THE  JEWS:  Headquarters:  7  East 
India  avenue,  London,  E.  C,  England;  Secretary:  (vacant) ; 
Financial  Secretary:  Mr.  John  Leggat;  Fields:  England, 
Turkey  (North  Syria);  Income  to  December,  1905: 
$8,589.37  (£1,765). 

FRIENDS'  FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  ASSOCIATION 
(1886):  Headquarters:  15  Devonshire  street,  Bishopsgate 
Without,  London,  E.  C,  England;  Secretary:  Dr.  William 
Wilson;  Hon.  Secretary:  Henry  Stanley  Newman;  Treas- 
urer: Joseph  Storrs  Fry;  Fields:  India,  Madagascar, 
Svria,  China,  Ceylon;  Income  for  1903:  $106,496 
(£21,912  13s.  lid,;;  Expenditure:  $129,859  (£26,720); 
Organ:  Our  Missions;  General  Notes:  The  Society  reports 
239  stations  and  outstations;  103  missionaries  (including 
wives  and  unmarried  women);  850  native  workers;  16,047 
pupils,  and  2,848  church  members,  of  whom  243  were  added 
last  year.  Eleven  additional  missionaries  have  been  sent  out 
during  the  year.  Plague  has  ravaged  some  of  the  India  sta- 
tions, giving  special  occasion  for  good  works  that  cause 
wonder  to  non-Christian  bystanders.  For  the  first  time  in 
its  history  the  Society  has  had  to  apply  retrenchment  to  its 
whole  field  owing  to  falling  off  in  contributions. 

IKWEZI  LAMACI  MISSION  (1877) :  See  Young  Men\s 
Foreign  Mission  Society. 

IRELAND:  FOREIGN  MISSIONS  OF  THE  PRES- 
BYTERIAN CHURCH  IN  (1840)  :  Headquarters:  12  May 
street,  Belfast,  Ireland;  Secretary:  Rev.  George  McFar- 
land;  Fields:  India  and  China;  Income:  $95,644  (£19,- 
679  lis.)  ;  Expenditure:  No  information. 

IRELAND:  FOREIGN  MISSIONS  COMMITTEE  OF 
THE  REFORMED  PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH  IN 
(1871):  Secretary:  Rev.  Wm.  Russell,  Reformed  Presby- 
terian Manse,  Balla,  Ireland. 

IRELAND :  JEWISH  MISSIONS  OF  THE  PRESBY- 
TERIAN  CHURCH  IN  (1841):  Secretary:  Rev.  George 
R.  Buick,  Culleybackey,  County  Antrim,  Ireland;  Income 
(1903)  :  $22,15i. 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         12d 

JAFFA     MEDICAL     MISSION    AND    HOSPITAL 

(1878)  :  Secretary:  C.  E.  Newtown,  Esq.,  Mickleover,  Derby, 
England;  Field:  Jaffa,  Syria;  Income  (1903-1904):  $8,991 
(  £1,847  10s.) ;  Expenditure:  $8,672  ( £1,781  18s.) ;  General 
Notes :  The  Society  has  one  hospital  with  46  beds,  an  orphan- 
age, and,  as  a  new  feature,  a  Bible  reader  to  follow  up  pa- 
tients who  are  cured. 

JERUSALEM  AND  EAST  MISSION  (1888) :  Denomi- 
nation:  Church  of  England;  Secretary:  Rev.  W.  Sadler, 
Dembleby  Rectory,  Folkingham,  England;  Fields:  Syria 
and  Egypt. 

KURKU  AND  CENTRAL  INDIAN  HILL  MISSION 

(1890)  :  Headquarters:  Beechwood,  Highgate,  London,  N.; 
Denomination:  Interdenominational;  Secretary:  F.  W. 
Howard  Piper;  Treasurer:  Mr.  James  Brodie;  Field:  Cen- 
tral India,  with  chief  station  at  Ellichpur,  Berar;  Income, 
year  ending  Dec.  31,  1903:  $12,868.17  (£2,647  15s.);  Ex- 
penditure: $11,346.24  (£2,334  14s.) ;  Organ:  Circular  Leaf- 
let, occasional. 

LEBANON  HOSPITAL  FOR  THE  INSANE  (1896) : 
Head  Offices :  35  Queen  Victoria  street,  London,  E.  C,  Eng- 
land; Secretary:  Mr.  Francis  C.  Brading;  Treasurer:  Sir 
Richard  Tangye;  Field:  The  Hospital  is  at  Asfuriyeh,  near 
Beirut,  Syria;  Income,  1905:  about  $20,000;  General  Notes: 
There  is  an  office  of  the  Hospital  Committee  in  Philadel- 
phia (701  Provident  Building). 

LONDON  SOCIETY  FOR  PROMOTING  CHRISTIAN- 
ITY AMONGST  THE  JEWS  (1809):  Headquarters:  16 
Lincoln's  Inn  Fields,  London,  W.  C,  Eng. ;  Denomination: 
Church  of  England;  Secretaries:  Rev.  W.  T.  Gidney,  M.A., 
Rev.  F.  L.  Denman,  M.A.;  Treasurer:  J.  F.  W.  Deacon, 
Esq.;  Fields:  United  Kingdom,  Austria,  France,  Germany, 
Holland,  Italy,  Roumania,  Russia,  Turkey,  Persia,  Abyssinia, 
Egypt.  Morocco,  Tunis,  Canada ;  Income,  year  ending  March 
31,  1906:  $199,375.63  (£40,969);  Organ:  Jewish  Mis- 
sionary Intelligence,  Jewish  Missionary  Advocate,  both 
monthly,  the  last  named  for  young  people;  General  Nots9: 


130         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

The  Society  has  47  stations,   221   missionary   agents,   and 
1,817  pupils  in  its  schools. 

LONDON  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  (1795):  Head- 
quarters: 16  New  Bridge  street,  London,  E.  C. ;  Denomina- 
tion: Interdenominational,  but  chiefly  supported  by  Congre- 
gational Churches;  Secretaries:  Rev.  R.  Wardlaw  Thomp- 
son, Rev.  George  Cousins;  Home  Secretary:  Rev.  A.  N. 
Johnson ;  Editor :  Rev.  L.  H.  Oaunt ;  Treasurers :  Sir  Albert 
Spieer,  Bart.  M.P.;  J.  Compton  Rickett,  Esq.,  M.P.;  In- 
come (1905-06)  $957,070.22  (  £196,665).  There  was  a  deficit 
of  $56,178.87  (£11,544);  Fields:  Cape  Colony,  Bechuana- 
land,  Rhodesia,  Madagascar,  British  Central  Africa,  China, 
India,  British  Guiana,  Polynesia;  Orgari:  Chronicle;  News 
from  Afar  (for  children).  General  Notes:  The  Society 
reports  277  missionaries;  7,155  native  workers;  2,147 
schools;  89,105  scholars:  38  hospitals,  38  dispensaries;  8 
printing  houses;  292,945  professed  Christians,  and  80,006 
communicants. 

In  China,  the  Society  testifies,  the  moment  has  arrived 
for  a  great  forward  movement  of  the  forces  of  evangeliza- 
tion. In  India  growth  is  seen  in  all  departments  of  work ;  the 
native  churches  are  rising  in  character,  awakening  to  their 
responsibilities,  and  Christianity  is  seen  to  exert  an  influ- 
ence, both  practical  and  powerful,  far  beyond  the  limits  of 
the  Christian  comunity. 

MEDICAL  MISSIONARY  ASSOCIATION,  LONDON 
(1878):  Headquarters:  49  Highbury  Park,  London,  N.; 
Denomination:  Undenominational;  Gen.  Secretary  and 
Sup't;  Henry  Soltau,  L.R.C.P.&S.E.;  Editorial  Secretary: 
James  L.  MaxweU,  M.D.;  Hon  Treasurer:  Maj.-Gen.  C.  G. 
Robinson;  Income,  year  ending  March  31,  1906)  :  $8,949.48 
(  £1,839) ;  Expenditure:  $8,895.62  (  £1,827) ;  Organ:  Medi- 
cal Missions  at  Home  and  Abroad ;  General  Notes :  The  As- 
sociation promotes  Medical  Mission  work,  training  medical 
missionaries  for  service  at  home  and  abroad,  and  super- 
intending two  medical  missions  in  London. 

MELANESIAN  MISSION:  London  Committee  of  the: 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         131 

Head  Offices:  Church  House,  Westminster,  London,  S.  W., 
England;  Hon.  Treasurer:  Rev.  C.  Hamerton  Gould;  Office 
Secretary:  C.  Clarke,  Esq.;  Denomination :  Church  of  Eng- 
land; Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1905:  $80,345.85 
(£16,510);  Expenditure:  $71,600.74;  Organ:  Southern 
Cross  Log;  Chips  (for  children),  both  monthly. 

METHODIST  NEW  CONNEXION  MISSIONARY  SO- 
CIETY (1859):  Headquarters:  Leeds,  England;  Secre- 
tary: Rev.  George  Packer,  3  St.  John's  Terrace,  Belle  Vue 
Road,  Leeds,  England;  Treasurer:  Mr.  J.  Hepworth,  J.  P., 
Claypit  Lane,  Leeds;  Field:  China;  Income:  $26,910.51 
(£5,529);  Expenditure:  $28,556.55  (£5,868);  Organ: 
Gleanings  in  the  Harvest  Field; 

Methodist  New  Connexion  Women's  Missionary  Society: 
See  Woman's  Work  Section. 

MILDMAY  INSTITUTIONS  AND  MISSIONS  (1856) : 
Headquarters:  The  Conference  Hall,  Mildmay  Park,  Lon- 
don, N.,  England;  Denomination:  Interdenominational; 
Treasurer  and  Sup't:  Capt.  F.  L.  Tottenham;  Fields:  Lon- 
don, the  Provinces,  Malta,  Palestine,  Jamaica;  Income,  1905: 
$90,268.70  (£18,549);  Orjan:  Service  for  the  King, 
monthly;  General  Notes:  These  Institutions  are  largely  due 
to  the  initiative  of  the  Rev.  W.  Pennef attier,  who  came  to  St. 
Jude's,  Mildmay  Park,  in  1864.  They  include  the  Confer- 
ence Hall  with  its  Open  Air  Mission  and  active  Evangelistic 
work;  a  Deaconess  House,  Probation  and  Students'  House 
for  training  candidates;  a  Home  for  invalid  Deaconesses; 
a  training  house,  known  as  "The  Willows,"  which  prepares 
women  for  Home  and  Foreign  Mission  work;  a  Creche  or 
Day  Nursery;  an  Orphanage  for  little  girls;  a  Hostel  for 
ladies;  an  Employment  Bureau;  a  Rescue  Home;  two 
Hospitals  for  the  very  poor,  and  a  Nurses'  House  whence 
50  nurses  go  out  to  care  for  the  sick.  The  Deaconesses  con- 
duct missions  in  12  parishes  in  London,  and  have  gone  for 
similar  work  to  several  towns  in  England,  to  Malta  and  to 
Jamaica. 

MORAVIAN  MISSIONS    (British    Provincial   Confer- 


132         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

enc^)  SOCIETY  FOR  FURTHERING  THE  GOSPEL 
AMONG  THE  HEATHEN  (1741):  Headquarters:  32 
Fetter  Lane,  London,  E.  C;  Secretary:  Rev.  C.  J.  Klesel; 
Fields:  Auxiliary  to  the  Moravian  Missions  of  Berthelsdorf 
Herrnhut;  which  see  in  the  "Germany"  section.  The  Brit- 
ish Society  especially  cares  for  the  Moravian  Missions  in 
Labrador. 

NEW  ENGLAND  COMPANY  (1649)  :  Headquarters: 
1  Hatton  Garden,  Holborn,  London,  E.  C,  England;  De- 
nomination: Church  of  England;  Secretary:  C.  Augustus 
Webb,  Esq.;  Treasurer:  Ernest  Mathews,  B.A. ;  Field: 
Indians  of  the  Grand  River  Indian  Reserve  and  Mohawk  In- 
stitution, Brantford,  Ontario;  Income:  $20,000;  Expendi- 
ture: $20,000. 

NORTH  AFRICA  MISSION  (1881)  :  Headquarters:  34 
Paternoster  Row,  London,  E.  C. :  Denomination:  Inter- 
denominational; Chairman  of  Council  and  Hon.  Secretary: 
Pastor  W.  Fuller  Gooch;  Secretary:  Dr.  C.  L.  Terry;  Hon. 
Treasurer:  R.  C.  Morgan,  Esq.;  Fields:  Morocco,  Algeria, 
Tunis,  Tripoli,  Egypt;  Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1905: 
$43,496.77  (£8,938);  Expenditure:  $40,017.22  (£8,223); 
Organ :  North  Africa,  monthly ;  Ge?ieral  Notes :  The  Mission 
has  ten  auxiliaries  in  England,  Ireland  and  Scotland,  which 
support  missionaries  or  contribute  to  the  General  Fund. 
It  also  has  a  Prayer  and  Helpers'  Union  with  40  branches. 
Fifteen  converts  from  Mohammedanism  are  employed  by 
the  Mission  as  evangelists.  Besides  Mohammedans,  Jews 
and  Roman  Catholics  are  reached  by  the  Mission. 

NORTH  CHINA  MISSION  (1974):  Denomination: 
Church  of  England;  Secretary:  Rev.  Mackwood  Stevens, 
Addington  Rectory,  Winslow,  Bucks,  Eng.;  Fields:  The 
Anglican  diocese  of  North  China,  including  Chi-li  and  part 
of  Manchuria,  China;  Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1903: 
$22,424  (£4,614);  Expenditure:  $22,812  (£4,694);  Organ: 
"The  Land  of  Sinim,"  quarterly. 

-    NORTH    INDIA    SCHOOL    OF    MEDICINE    FOR 
CHRISTIAN  WOMEN;  London  Committee  for  (1894): 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         133 

Hon.  Secretary:  Miss  Mabel  W.  Brown,  91  College  Road, 
Bromley,  Kent,  England;  Field:  Ludhiana,  Punjab,  India. 
See  Woman's  Work  Section,  India  Division. 

NYASSA  INDUSTRIAL  MISSION  (1893) :  Headquar- 
ters: 6  Old  Jewry,  London,  E.  C,  England;  Denomination: 
Baptist,  but  not  under  any  ecclesiastical  organization; 
Secretary:  Rev.  Alfred  Walker,  Sandrock,  Sevenoaks, 
Kent;  Treasurer:  B.  I.  Greenwood,  Esq.;  Fields:  British 
Central  Africa;  Income:  About  $7,598  (£1,543);  Expendi- 
ture: $7,644  (£1,571). 

Palestine  and  Lebanon  Nurses'  Mission:  See  Woman's 
Work  Section. 

PRIMITIVE  METHODIST  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY 
(1842):  Secretary:  Rev.  James  Pickett,  18  Ridge  Road, 
Hornsey,  London,  N.;  Treasurer:  T.  Lawrence,  Esq.,  Hum- 
berstone  Gate,  Leicester,  England;  Fields:  Africa;  In- 
come, 1905-1906:  $48,074;  Organ:  Primitive  Methodist  Mis- 
sionary Herald. 

QUA  IBOE  MISSION  (1887)  :  Headquarters:  128  Scot- 
tish Provident  Buildings,  Belfast,  Ireland;  Gen.  Secretary: 
R.  L.  McKeown;  Hon.  Secretary:  Mr.  James  Hamilton; 
Hon.  Treasurer:  William  Strain;  Field:  Nigeria,  Africa; 
Organ:  Qua  Iboe  Mission  Quarterly. 

REGIONS  BEYOND  MISSIONARY  UNION  (1873) : 
Headquarters:  Harley  House,  Bow  Road,  London,  E.,  Eng- 
land; Denomination:  Interdenominational;  Acting  Direc- 
tor: Rev.  H.  Grattan  Guiness,  D.D.,  F.R.A.S.;  Hon.  Secre- 
tary: Mrs.  H.  Grattan  Guiness;  Hon.  Treasurer:  Theodore 
Howard,  Esq. ;  Fields :  Congo  Free  State,  Berar,  India,  Peru, 
Argentina;  Income  (1905)  and  Expenditure:  Not  given,  but 
the  Society  considers  $117,000  (£24,000)  to  be  the  average 
total  annual  receipts  and  expenditure;  Organ:  Regions  Be- 
yond; General  Notes:  The  Society  has  three  missionary 
training  colleges  in  London  which  have  sent  out  over  1,200 
men  and  women,  the  majority  of  whom  are  engaged  in  for- 
eign work  under  some  forty  Missionary  Societies. 

SCOTLAND,  CHURCH  OF;    Conversion  of  the  Jews 


134         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Committee  (1340) :  Headquarters :  22  Queen  street,  Edin- 
burgh, Scotland;  Fields:  Egypt,  Turkey,  Scotland;  In- 
come, Dec.  31,  1905:  $26,468  (£5,438  16s.). 

Scotland,  Church  of,  Women's  Association  for  the  Christ- 
ian Education  of  Jewesses :    See  Woman's  Work  Section. 

SCOTLAND,  CHURCH  OF:  Committee  for  the  Prop- 
agation of  the  Gospel  in  Foreign  Parts:  Headquarters: 
22  Queen  street,  Edinburgh,  Scotland;  Convener:  The  Very 
Rev.  John  M'Murtrie,  D.D.;  Hon.  Treasurer:  James  Pater- 
son;  Fields:  India,  British  Central  Africa,  British  East 
Africa,  China;  Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1905:  $192,- 
071.02  (£39,468)  besides  $75,664.82  (£15,544)  income  of 
Women's  Association;  Expenditure:  $210,358.82  (£43,226); 
Organ:  Quarterly  Paper;  Outposts. 

Church  of  Scotland  Women's  Association  for  Foreign 
Missions:  See  Woman's  Work  Section. 

SCOTLAND:  Foreign  Missions  Committee  of  the  Re- 
formed Presbyterian  Church  of  (1871)  :  Secretary:  Rev. 
John  McKee,  Wishaw,  Scotland;  Field:  Syria;  Income: 
No  information. 

SCOTLAND:  FOREIGN  MISSIONS  COMMITTEE 
OF  THE  UNITED  FREE  CHURCH  OF  (1000)  :  Head- 
quarters: 15  North  Bank  street,  Edinburgh,  Scotland;  Sec- 
retaries: Rev.  James  Buchanan,  Dr.  George  Smith,  C.I.E.; 
Treasurer:  A.  Ellison  Ross,  Esq.;  Fields:  India,  Arabia, 
China,  South  Africa,  South  Nigeria  (Old  Calabar),  British 
Central  Africa,  New  Hebrides,  Jamaica,  Trinidad;  Income, 
year  ending  Dec.  31,  1905:  $979,006.53  (£201,173) ;  Organ: 
Monthly  Record;  General  Notes:  The  Missionaries  in  Man- 
churia are  finding  the  country  open  to  their  efforts  as  their 
work,  somewhat  disorganized  by  the  war,  is  taken  up.  The 
splendid  service  rendered  during  the  war  to  Chinese  sick 
and  wounded,  brought  to  the  Missionary  physicians  the 
thanks  of  the  Chinese  Government  and  aroused  in  the  peo- 
ple gratitude  and  respect  toward  the  Christian  religion.  The 
time  seems  to  have  come  for  taking  possession  of  the  whole 
of  Mapcbufia  for  Jesus  Christ,     The  Livingstonia  Missjoo 


1  Bo 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         135 

on  Lake  Nyassa,  in  British  Central  Africa,  has  extented  its 
labors  300  miles  west  df  the  Lake,  and  it  now  extends  to 
Chitambo,  where  Livingstone  died. 

United  Free  Church  Women's  Foreign  Missions:  See 
Woman's  Work  Section. 

SCOTLAND:  FOREIGN  MISSION  BOARD  OF  THE 
EPISCOPAL  CHURCH  IN  (1872)  :  Convener:  Mr.  John 
R.  Andeison;  Secretaries  and  Treasurers:  Mr.  R.  T.  Norfor, 
C.A.,  and  Mr.  W.  W.  Farqiiharson,  13  Queen  street,  Edin- 
burgh, Scotland;  Fields:  South  Africa,  India;  Income,  year 
ending  December,  1905:  $24,674  (£5,070);  Organ:  Foreign 
Mission  Chronicle. 

SIERRA  LEONE  MISSION  (1842):  Denomination: 
Countess  of  Huntingdon's  Connexion;  Secretary:  Rev.  Jo- 
seph Bainton,  Ashbourne,  Derbyshire,  England;  Treasurer: 
M.  E.  Dolby  Shelton,  38  Eldon"^ street,  London,  E.  C,  Eng- 
land; Fields:  Sierra  Leone,  W.  Africa;  Income:  $4,914.90 
(£1,010). 

SOCIETY  FOR  THE  PROPAGATION  OF  THE  GOS- 
PEL IN  FOREIGN  PARTS  (1701):  Headquarters:  19 
Delahay  street,  Westminster,  London,  S.  W.,  England; 
Denomination:  Church  of  England;  Secretary:  Rt.  Rev. 
H.  H.  Montgomery,  D.D. ;  Assistant  Secretaries:  Rev.  E.  P. 
Sketchley,  Rev.  R.  Fairfax  Scott;  Editorial  Secretary: 
Rev.  Canon  C.  H.  Robinson;  Fields:  India,  Ceylon,  Straits 
Settlements,  Borneo,  Siam,  China,  Korea,  Japan,  Mauritius, 
Cape  de  Verde  Is.,  Madagascar,  South  Africa,  Rhodesia, 
Portuguese  East  Africa,  Egypt,  French  Guinea  (Rio  Pon- 
gas).  Gold  Coast  Colony,  Australia,  New  Guinea,  New  Zea- 
land, Norfolk  Island,  Fiji  Islands,  Canada,  West  Indies, 
Honduras,  British  Guiana,  British  in  Europe;  Income,  year 
ending  Dec.  31,  1905:  $934,159.73  (£191,957) ;  Expenditure: 
$1,185,975.73  (£243,702)  Organs:  The  Mission  Field, 
monthly;  The  East  and  The  West,  quarterly;  The  King's 
Messengers,  monthly;  The  Church  Abroad,  monthly;  General 
Notes:  The  Society  carries  on  Missionary  work  among  Brit- 
ish subjects  in  foreign  lands  and  in  the  Colonies,  as  well  as 
^jnong  heathen,    Tb?  Wojnm^s  Association  auxiliaiy  to  thp 


136         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Society,  in  1904  was  constituted  the  "Committee  of  "Women's 
Work/'  It  is  now  a  consultative  committee  of  women  sub- 
scribers appointed  by  the  Standing  Committee  of  the  So- 
ciety. 

SOUTH  AFRICA  GENERAL  MISSION  (1889): 
Headquarters:  17  Homefield  Road,  Wimbledon,  London,  S. 
W.;  Denomination:  Undenominational;  Secretary  and 
Treasurer:  Arthur  Mercer,  Esq.,  17  Homefield  Road,  Wim- 
bledon, London,  S.  W. ;  Fields:  South  Africa,  British  Cen- 
tral Africa,  and  soldiers  and  sailors  in  British  service  in 
Africa;  Income,  year  ending  March  31,  1903:  $137,640.81 
(£28,321);  Expenditure:  $132,993.90  (£27,365);  Organ: 
South  African  Pioneer. 

SOUTH  AMERICAN  EVANGELICAL  MISSION 
(1895) :  Headquarters:  60  Mount  Pleasant,  Liverpool,  Eng- 
land; Denomination:  Interdenominational;  Director:  Bryce 
W.  Ranken;  Secretary:  Mr.  John  Law;  Hon.  Treasurer: 
Frank  J.  Casse;  Fields:  South  America;  Income,  year  end- 
ing Feb.  28,  1906:  $4,530.70  (£931) ;  Expenditure:  No  more 
spent  than  is  received,  $4,496.64  (£924) ;  General  Notes:  The 
mission  is  an  association  of  those  interested  in  working  for 
the  evangelization  of  South  America. 

SOUTH  AMERICAN  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY 
(1884) :  Headquarters :  20  John  street,  Bedford  Row,  Lon- 
don, W.  C,  England;  Denomination:  Church  of  England; 
Clerical  Secretary:  Rev.  E.  P.  Cachemaille;  Lay  Secretary: 
Capt.  Edward  Poulden;  Treasurer:  F.  A.  Bevan;  Esq.; 
Fields:  Brazil,  Argentina,  Urusruay,  Keppel  Id.,  Paraguay, 
Chile,  Panama;  Income:  $118,178  (£24,284) ;  Organ:  South 
American  Missionary  Magazine. 

SOUTHERN  MOROCCO  MISSION  (1888) ;  Headquar- 
ters: 64  Bothwell  street,  Glasgow,  Scotland;  Denomination: 
Interdenominational;  Secretary:  Mr.  John  Anderson;  Field: 
Southern  Morocco;  Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1903: 
$7,785;  Organ:  The  Reaper. 

STRICT  BAPTIST  MISSION  (1860):  Headquarters: 
Jjondon,  England;  Hon.  Corresponding  Secretary^  Mr.  S, 


% 

The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  137 

T.  Belcher,  45  Groombridge  Road,  South  Hackney,  London, 
S.  E. ;  Hon.  Financial  Secretary :  Mr.  A.  J.  Robbins,  Vicar- 
age Farm,  Hounslow;  Fields:  Madras,  India;  Income,  year 
ending  October  21, 1904:  $3,395.68  (£904  9s) ;  Expenditure: 
$3,433.66  (£706  10s);  Orgcm:  The  Strict  Baptist  Mission 
Herald. 

SUDAN  UNITED  MISSION  (1904):  Headquarters: 
Castleton,  via  Sheffield,  England;  General  Secretary:  Karl 
W.  Kumm,  Ph.D.;  Denomination:  Interdenominational;  In- 
come, 1905:  $12,793.67;  Organ:  Light  Bearer;  General 
Notes:  The  Society  was  formed  to  meet  the  crisis  in  Nigeria 
where  Mohammedan  teachers  are  overrunning  pagan  tribes 
and  the  demand  for  Christian  missionaries  is  pressing.  It 
has  affiliated  councils  in  the  United  States,  Canada,  and 
South  Africa.  In  Nigeria  it  has  five  stations  and  20  mis- 
sionaries. 

TABEETHA  MISSION:  See  Woman's  Work  Section 
under  Great  Britain. 

L^NITARIAN  ASSOCIATION,  British  and  Foreign 
(1825);  Headquarters:  Essex  Hall,  Essex  street.  Strand, 
London,  England;  Secretary:  Rev.  W.  Copeland  Bowie; 
Treasurer:  Mr.  Oswald  Nettlefold;  Fields:  Great  Britain, 
Belgium,  Norway,  Denmark,  Hungary,  India,  Japan, 
Australia,  New  Zealand;  General  Notes:  The  Association 
aids  the  dissemination  of  literature  by  small  grants  to  resi- 
dents of  these  countries. 

UNITED  METHODIST  FREE  CHURCHES:  Home 
and  Foreign  Mission  (1857)  :  Secretary:  Rev.  H.  T.  Chap- 
man, 4  Newton  Grove,  Leeds,  England;  Treasurer:  R. 
Bird;  Fields:  China,  British  East  Africa,  Sierra  Leone; 
Income,  year  ending  May,  1906:  $64,005.66  (£13.379); 
Expenditure:  $66,778.39  (£13.649);  Organ:  Missionary 
Echo,  monthly;  General  Notes:  The  Society  is  coming  into 
touch  with  the  Gallas  in  British  East  Africa,  which  has 
been  no  easy  matter  hitherto.  It  has  a  fine  estate  where 
it  will  teach  natives  to  raise  cotton.  An  educated  agricul- 
tural missionary  has  been  sent  to  East  Africa, 


138  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

UNIVERSITIES  MISSION  TO  CENTRAL  AFRICA 
(1858)  :  Headquarters :  9  Dartmouth  street,  London,  S.  W., 
England;  Denomination:  Church  of  England;  Secretary: 
Rev.  Duncan  Travers ;  Treasurer :  H.  Longden ;  Fields :  Zan- 
zibar, German  East  Africa,  British  Central  Africa;  Income, 
year  ending  Dec.  31,  1903:  $161,882  (£33,309). 

WELSH  CALVINISTIC  METHODIST  FOREIGN 
MISSIONS  (1840)  :  Headquarters:  16  Falkner  street,  Liv- 
erpool, England;  Secretary:  Rev.  R.  J.  Williams;  Treas- 
urer: William  Yenmore;  Fields:  Assam,  India;  Brittany, 
France;  Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1905:  $75,901.38 
(£15,596);  Expenditure:  $75,206.88  (£15.454);  General 
Notes:  The  mission  in  Assam  has  been  the  scene  of  a  revival 
of  extraordinary  power.  The  additions  to  the  churches  in 
1905  were  4,258  or  more  than  23  per  cent. 

WESLEYAN  METHODIST  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY 
(1813)  :  Headquarters :  Wesleyan  Centenary  Hall,  17  Bish- 
opsgate  street  Within,  London,  E.  C,  Eng. ;  Secretaries: 
Rev.  W.  Perkins,  Rev.  J.  M.  Brown,  Rev.  M.  Hartley,  Rev. 
W.  H.  Findlay,  M.  A.;  Treasurer:  Rev.  James  H.  Rigg, 
D.D.,  Mr.  Williamson  Lamplough;  Fields:  Italy,  Spain, 
Portugal,  Ireland,  France,  Transvaal,  Rhodesia,  Ceylon, 
India,  China,  Sierra  Leone,  Gold  Coast,  Lagos,  Honduras, 
Pa,nama,  Bahamas,  Jamaica,  Haiti,  San  Domingo,  Bar- 
bados, Trinidad,  British  Guiana;  Income,  year  ending  Dec. 
31,  1905:  $835,397.98  (£171.663)  ;  Expenditure:  $872,576.87 
(£179,293);  Organ:  The  Foreign  Field;  At  Home  and 
Abroad  (Juvenile)  ;  General  Notes:  The  missions  originated 
by  the  Society  in  Canada,  Australia,  New  Zealand,  Fiji  Is., 
Friendly  Is.,  have  long  ago  been  passed  over  to  Colonial 
Conferences.  Missions  in  Cape  Colony,  Natal,  and  Orange 
River  Colony  are  directed  by  the  South  African  Conference, 
Avhich  received  in  1005  aid  from  the  Society  to  the  amount 
of  £3,108.  The  missions  established  by  the  Society  in  Ire- 
land are  administered .  by  local  Conferences  with  aid,  ex- 
pected to  cease  in  ten  yenrs.  Mi'^sions  in  France  are  carried 
on  iji  close  cooperation  with  local  Conferences,     The  work 


The  Blue  Book'oii'  Missions  for  1907         139 

of  the  Society  in  the  British  Army  and  Navy  extends  to 
Mediterranean  stations,  India,  Ceylon,  Burma,  Singapore, 
Hongkong,  South  Africa,  St.  Helena,  West  Indies, 
Australia  and  New  Zealand.  Medical  Missions  are  being 
largely  increased  in  the  various  fields  of  the  Society;  educa- 
tion is  showing  efficiency  as  an  evangelistic  agency,  and  in 
all  the  fields  there  is  increase  of  membership. 

Wesleyan  Methodist  Women's  Auxiliary:  See  Woman's 
Work  Section. 

YOUNO  MEN'S  FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY 
(Ikwezi  Lamaci,  1877)  :  Headquarters :  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Build- 
ing, Needless  Alley,  Birmingham,  England;  Treasurer:  Mr. 
Edwin  A.  Page;  Field:  Ikwezi  Lamaci  (Harding  Natal, 
South  Africa);  Income,  1905:  $3,080.02  (£632.  17s.); 
Expenditure:  $3,299.13  (£677.  18s.). 

ZAMBESI  INDUSTRIAL  MISSION  (1892):  Head- 
quarters: 6  Colonial  avenue,  Minories,  London,  England; 
Secretary:  Mr.  Robert  Caldwell;  Financial  Secretary:  F. 
G.  Toller;  Field:  British  Central  Africa;  Income,  year 
ending  Aug.  31,  1903:  $60,684  (£12,418  15s.);  Expendi- 
ture: $119,724  (£24,634  16s.);  Organ:  Zambesi  Industrial 
Union,  monthly. 

The  Society  owns  important  estates  in  British  Central 
Africa,  where  it  raises  cotton,  coffee,  rubber,  etc. 

Zenana  Bible  and  Medical  Mission:  See  Woman's  Work 
Section  under  Great  Britain. 

BRITISH  COLONIES 

Africa 

SOUTH  AFRICAN  DUTCH  REFORMED  CHURCH, 
GENERAL  MISSION  COMMITTEE  OF  THE  (1901)  : 
Headquarters:  Cape  Town,  South  Africa;  Chairman: 
Rev.  Andrew  MuiTay,  D.D.,  General  Secretary:  Rev. 
J.  du  Plessis,  P.  0.  Box  144,  Cape  Town;  Field:  Cape 
Colony,  Transvaal,  Bechuanaland,  Mashonaland,  Natal, 
N^ass^land;  Income,   1905;    $74,686    (£15;347);    GenerQl 


140         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Notes:  The  Dutch  Reformed  Church  of  Cape  Colony  num- 
bers about  110,000  members.  It  supports  Home  Missions  in 
Cape  Colony  with  45  missionaries  and  42,556  adherents, 
and  Foreign  Missions  in  Transvaal,  Bechuanaland,  Rhodesia 
and  Nyassaland,  with  45  missionaries,  660  native  workers 
and  7,700  church  members.  The  D.  R.  Ministers  Missionary 
Union  has  been  merged  in  the  General  Missionary  enter- 
prise. 

DUTCH  REFORMED  CHURCH  OF  THE  ORANGE 
RIVER  COLONY,  Missions  of  the:  The  mission  field  of 
this  church  lies  in  Northeast  Rhodesia  and  comprises  four 
stations,  occupied  by  five  missionaries. 

SOUTH  AFRICAN  WESLEYAN  METHODIST  MIS- 
SIONARY SOCIETY  (1882)  :  Headquarters:  Cape  Town; 
Secretary:  Rev.  J.  Robb,  Verulam,  Natal;  Treasurers:  Rev. 
R.  Lamplough,  Mr.  H.  R.  Wood;  Fields:  Cape  Colony, 
Natal;  Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1903:  $115,410.42 
(£23,747) ;  Expenditure  (including  balance  from  1902  of 
$24,368)  :  $126,606  (£26,050  13s.) ;  General  Notes:  The  So- 
ciety ministers  to  both  English  and  native  congregations  in 
South  Africa.  Including  both  English  and  natives,  it  reports 
282,132  adherents,  of  whom  73,866  are  full  church  members. 
No  statistics  have  been  received  since  the  year  1904.  The 
statistics  given  in  the  table  on  another  page  relate  to  natives 
alone.  The  Society  lays  great  stress  upon  educational  work 
as  an  efficient  method  of  evangelization  and  spiritual  culture. 
Its  field  is  of  great  extent,  it  embraces  many  races  and  classes 
of  men ;  and  the  enterprise  now  encounters,  besides  the  usual 
obstacles  of  the  ignorance  and  vice  of  heathenism,  the  errors 
growing  out  of  contact  with  partially  understood  civilization. 
Epidemics  and  famine  have  made  havoc  in  the  little  mission 
communities.  Yet  in  most  cases  the  native  Christians  have 
shown  patience  and  fortitude  and  surprising  self-denial  in 
contributing  to  church  institutions.  In  several  districts  there 
is  a  growing  observance  of  Christian  customs  among  the 
heathen  neighbors  of  the  Christians.  Government  regulations 
in  Natal  interfere  with  the  employment  of  native  pastojs 


The  Blue  Book  op  Missions  for  1907         141 

at  posts  where  there  is  no  European  oversight.  But  this  is  an 
injustice  that  will  certainly  be  remedied  in  time.  A  growing 
evangelistic  enterprise  has  been  begun  among  the  coolies 
from  India. 

Australia 

AUSTRALIAN  BOARD  OF  MISSIONS  (1850): 
Headquarters:  Sydney,  New  South  Wales;  Denomination: 
Church  of  England;  Secretary:  Rev.  John  Dixon,  St. 
Thomas'  Rectory,  Bahnain  West,  Sydney,  New  South 
Wales ;  Fields :  The  natives  of  Australia,  Melanesia,  Chinese 
immigrants.  New  Guinea. 

METHODIST  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  OF  AUS- 
TRALASIA (1855):  Headquarters:  381  George  street, 
Sydney,  New  South  Wales;  Secretary  and  Deputy  Treas- 
urer: Rev.  George  Brown,  D.D.;  Organizing  Secretary: 
Rev.  B.  Danks;  Gen.  Treasurers:  Rev.  B.  Sellors,  D.D., 
Hon.  W.  Robson,  M.L.C. ;  Fields:  Fiji  and  Friendly 
Islands,  New  Guinea,  New  Ireland,  New  Britain  and  New 
Georgia,  and  Chinese  coolies  in  Australia;  Income,  year  end- 
ing Dec.  31,  1905:  $110,527.94  (£22,712);  Expenditure: 
$116,873.85;  Organ:  Missionary  Review;  General  Notes: 
The  Society  was  an  auxiliary  of  the  WMS  for  33  years 
before  it  took  up  independent  work  in  1855.  It  has  auxili- 
aries in  each  of  the  Australian  states,  in  Tasmania  and  in 
New  Zealand. 

The  Society  carries  on  work  begun  by  the  Wesleyan  Meth- 
odist Missionary  Society,  and  has  vigorously  pressed  its  own 
enterprises  in  other  islands.  It  also  has  a  strong  mission 
among  the  Chinese  in  Australia  and  among  East  Indians 
resident  in  Fiji.  The  increase  of  European  population  in 
the  islands  longest  occupied,  and  the  aggression  of  Roman 
Catholics,  Mormons  and  others,  has  led  the  Society  to  con- 
tinue a  force  of  Missionaries  in  Fiji  and  Samoa,  although 
the  people  are  Christianized.  The  influence  of  unprincipled 
Europeans  tends  to  lead  the  unsophisticated  natives  into 
immorality,  gambling,  and  intemperance,  while  the  specious 
suggestions    of    emissaries  of  other  religious  organizations 


142         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

tends  to  divide  the  churches  and  to  lead  many  from 
Christianity  into  mere  sectarianism.  An  interesting  token 
of  ability  in  native  clergy  is  found  in  the  steady  grqjffth 
of  the  Christian  church  in  the  island  of  Rotuma,  where, 
during  20  years  the  entire  charge  of  the  work  has  been  in 
the  hands  of  a  Fijian  native  minister  and  teachers.  In  Fiji 
as  in  other  Christianized  fields,  the  Society  now  sees  the 
need  of  providing  a  more  extensive  literature  for  the  nurture 
of  the  Christian  community.  A  second  German  Methodist 
minister  has  joined  the  mission  during  the  year  for  service 
in  New  Britain,  where  he  has  been  welcomed  by  the  German 
authorities. 

BAPTIST  FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  OF 
NEW  SOUTH  WALES  (1892)  :  Secretary:  Rev.  F.  Hib- 
berd,  "Sarum"  Carlingford,  New  South  Wales;  Treasurer: 
Mr.  W.  Buckingham;  Field:   India. 

FURREEDPORE  MISSION  (1864)  :  (Also  called  the 
South  Australian  Missionary  Society) :  Headquarters :  King 
William  Road,  Hyde  Park,  South  Australia;  Denomination: 
Baptist;  Gen.  Secretary:  Rev.  John  Price;  Treasurer:  A.  S. 
Neill,  20  Nat.  Mutual  Buildings,  King  William  Street, 
Adelaide,  South  Australia;  Field:  Farridpur  and  Pabna 
Districts,  Bengal,  India:  Income,  to  July,  1903:  $5,608.44 
(£1,154);  Expenditure:  $5,759.10  (£1,185);  Organ:  Mis- 
sionary Echo;  General  Notes:  Has  8  missionaries  and  9 
native  workers,  10  schools. 

BOARD  OF  FOREIGN  MISSIONS  OF  THE  PRES- 
BYTERIAN CHURCH  OF  AUSTRALIA:  Headquarters: 
Sydney;  Convener:  Rev.  Alex.  Stewart;  Field:  New 
Hebrides,  Korea,  Australian  Aborigines,  Chinese  immi- 
grants; Income:  $45,000;   Organ:  Missionary  Record. 

Woman's  Missionary  Association:  Org.  Secretary:  Miss 
Forbes;  Field:  India;  Organ:  Ministering  Women. 

QUEENSLAND  BAPTIST  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY 
(1887)  :  Headquarters :  Brisbane,  Queensland;  Secretary: 
Mr.  Sidney  G.  Martin,  295  Queen  street,  Brisbane,  Queens- 
land, Australia;   Treasurer:  Mr.   W.  R.    Smith,   RT   and 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  143 

SS  Book  Depot,  Albert  street,  Brisbane,  Queensland,  Aus- 
tralia; Field:  Noakhali  District,  Bengal,  India. 

SOUTH  AUSTRALIAN  BAPTIST  MISSIONARY  SO- 
CIETY: See  Furreedpore  Mission,  above. 

VICTORIAN  BAPTIST  FOREIGN  MISSION  (1885) : 
Denomination:  Baptist;  Secretary:  Rev.  W.  H.  Holds- 
worth,  M.A.,  "Lynton,"  Edgevale  Road,  Kew,  Victoria, 
Australia;  Treasurer:  Mr.  H.  Holmes,  "Handsworth,"  Glen- 
ferrie  Road,  Victoria,  Australia;  Field:  Bengal,  India; 
General  Notes :  The  Society  has  eleven  missionaries  in  India. 

WESTERN  AUSTRALIAN  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY 
(1896)  :  Denomination:  Baptist;  Secretary:  Rev.  N.  L. 
Beurle,  South  Perth,  West  Australia;  Field:  Goalundo, 
Bengal. 

New  Zealand 

MELANESIAN  MISSION:  Headquarters:  Norfolk  Is- 
land; Denomination:  Church  of  England;  Bishop  of  Mel- 
anesia: The  Rt.  Rev.  Cecil  Wilson,  M.  A.;  Commissary  in 
New  Zealand:  Archdeacon  Calder,  of  Auckland,  New  Zea- 
land; Secretary  in  New  Zealand:  Mr.  G.  O'Halloran,  Jr., 
Auckland,  New  Zealand ;  Organising  Sec.  in  Australia :  Rev. 
R.  M.  Faithful  Davies,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W.;  Treasurer:  Mr. 
W.  S.  Cochrane,  Auckland,  New  Zealand;  Organ:  The 
Southern  Cross  Log;  Field:  The  northernmost  islands  of 
the  New  Hebrides,  the  Banks  Is.,  the  Torres  Is.,  Santa 
Cruz,  and  the  Solomon  Is.,  with  Norfolk  Island  as  a  center 
for  training  native  workers;  General  Notes:  Two  central 
schools,  one  in  the  Solomon  Is.  and  one  in  the  Banks  Is., 
serve  as  feeders  to  the  school  at  Norfolk  Island.  Woman's 
work  has  begun  (with  7  women  missionaries)  in  the  Solo- 
mon and  Banks  groups.  Three  natives  have  been  ordained 
and  3  more  are  to  be  ordained  shortly.  The  mission  has 
35  European  missionaries,  men  and  women,  and  665  native 
workers,  of  whom  15  are  native  clergy.  New  factors  in  the 
work  are  the  return  of  large  numbers  of  natives  from  work 
in  Queensland,  and  large  increase  of  white  traders.  For 
income,  see  British  section. 


144         The  Blue  Book  op  Missions  for  1907 

NEW  ZEALAND  BAPTIST  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY 
(1885,  1902):  Hon.  Secretary:  Rev.  J.  C.  Martin,  Sprey- 
don,  Christchiirch,  N.  Z.;  Hon.  Treasurer:  Mr.  A.  Hoby, 
Wellington;  Field:  India  (Bengal);  Receipts,  year  end- 
ing Sept.  30,  1905:  $10,453.24  (£2,148);  Expenditure: 
$10,039.58  (£2,063);  Organ:  Missionary  Messenger. 

PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH  OF  NEW  ZEALAND: 
Foreign  Missionary  Committee  of  the  (1869  and  1899) : 
Convener:  Rev.  Wm.  Hewitson,  Dunedin,  New  Zealand; 
Field:  Chinese  of  Otago  and  Southland,  Canton  villages, 
New  Hebrides,  and  Madras,  India. 

PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH  OF  NEW  ZEALAND: 
Maori  Missions  of  the ;  Convener :  Rev.  R.  M.  Ryburn,  M.A., 
AVanganui,  N.  Z. ;  Fields:  Taupo,  Taumaranui  and  Stewart 
Is.,  New  Zealand,  with  a  school  for  Maori  girls,  at  Tura- 
hina,  N.  Z. 

TASMANIAN  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY:  Headquar- 
ters: Latrobe,  Tasmania;  Denomination:  Baptist;  Secre- 
tary: Miss  E.  A.  Broomby,  Launeeston,  Tasmania;  Treas- 
urer:  Mr.  G.  D.  Gould,  Latrobe,  Tasmania. 

Canada 

AFRICA  INDUSTRIAL  MISSION  (1898):  Amalga- 
mated with  the  Sudan  United  Mission,  which  see  below,  and 
in  British  Section. 

BAPTIST  CONVENTION  OF  THE  MARITIME 
PROVINCES  (1846):  Foreign  Mission  Board  of  the 
Headquarters:  85  Germain  street,  St.  John,  New  Bruns- 
wick ;  Secretary  and  Treasurer :  Rev.  J.  W.  Manning ;  Field : 
India  (Telugus) ;  Income,  year  ending  Aug,  1906:  $25,- 
465.49;  Expenditure:  $23,863.79. 

Baptist  Convention  of  the  Maritime  Provinces,  Women's 
Missionary  Society:  See  Woman's  Work  Section. 

BAPTIST  CONVENTION  OF  ONTARIO  AND  QUE- 
BEC, Foreign  Mission  Board  of  the  (1873) :  Headquarters: 
17  Richmond  St.  West,  Toronto,  Ontario;  Secretary:  Rev. 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         145 

J.  G.  Brown;  Treasurer:  Rev.  E.  T.  Fox;  Field:  India, 
Bolivia;  Income,  1904-1905:  $47,630.77. 

Baptist  Convention  of  Ontario  and  Quebec,  Women's 
Missionary  Society :  See  Woman's  Work  Section. 

CHURCH  OF  ENGLAND  IN  CANADA,  Domestic  and 
Foreign  Missionary  Society  of  the  (1883)  :  Headquarters: 
Toronto,  Ontario;  Secretary:  Rev.  L.  Norman  Tucker;  As- 
sistant Secretary:  Rev.  J.  Cooper  Robinson;  Treasurer: 
C.  A.  Eliot,  Esq.,  240  Daly  avenue,  Ottawa,  Ontario;  Field: 
N.  W.  Provinces  of  Canada,  Japan,  China,  India,  South 
America,  Palestine,  Persia,  Central  and  Eastern  Africa;  Ir^- 
cor/ie,  year  ending  Dee.  31,  1903 :  $81,951.16,  of  which  $26,- 
644.11  was  for  Foreign  Missions;  Expenditure:  $78,003.29; 
General  Notes:  The  Society  has  an  auxiliary  in  the  Canadian 
Church  Missionary  Society.  Thei-e  is  also  a  Woman's  Auxil- 
iary. Of  its  Foreign  Missionaries,  21  are  working  in  connec- 
tion with  the  CMS  and  1  in  connection  with  SAMS.  Be- 
sides these  on  the  CMS  roll  the  Society  supports  8  mission- 
aries, men  and  women,  in  Japan. 

METHODIST  CHURCH  IN  CANADA,  Missionary  So- 
ciety of  the  (1824) ;  Headquarters :  33  Richmond  street,  W., 
Toronto;  Secretary:  Rev.  A.  Sutherland;  Associate  Secre- 
tary: Rev.  James  Henderson;  Treasurers:  H.  H.  Fudger, 
Esq.,  the  Rev.  A.  Sutherland;  Field:  Japan,  China,  Canada 
Indians,  Asiatics  and  Whites ;  Income,  year  ending  June  30, 
1904:  $343,835.90;  Expenditure:  $308,828.70,  of  which 
$36,809.76  was  appropriated  to  the  foreign  fields  directly; 
Organ :  Missionary  Outlook. 

Methodist  Church  in  Canada,  Women's  Missionary  So- 
ciety: See  AVoman's  Work  Section. 

PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH,  Foreign  Missionary  Com- 
mittee of  the  (1844)  :  Headquarters :  Eastern  Division:  103 
Granville  street,  Halifax,  N.  S.;  Western  Division:  89  Con- 
federation Life  Building,  Toronto,  Ontario ;  Secretary,  East- 
ern Division:  Rev.  E.  A.  McCurdy;  Westerti  Division:  Rev. 
R.  P.  Mackay;  Field,  Eastern  Division:  New  Hebrides, 
Trinidad,  British  Guiana,  Korea;  Western   Division:  For- 


146         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

mosa,  India,  China,  Chinese  in  Canada,  Indians  in  Canada; 
Income,  year  ending  March  1,  1906,  Eastern  Division :  $42,- 
192;  Western  Division:  $160,422;  Total  Income:  $212,- 
302;  Expenditure,  Eastern  Division:  $41,865;  Western 
Division:  $169,422;  Total,  $211,287;  Organ:  Presbyterian 
Record. 

Presbyterian  Women's  Foreign  Missionary  Society  (Can- 
ada) :  Eastern  Division,  also  Western  Division:  See 
Woman's  Work  Section. 

SUDAN  UNITED  MISSION:  (See  British  Section) 
Headquarters  North  American  Council :  262  Delaware  Ave., 
Toronto,  Canada:  Gen.  Secretary  for  North  America:  R. 
V.  Bingham;  Secretary  for  Canada:  J.  Galloway;  Organ: 
Missionary  Witness.  (See  also  U.  S.  Section.) 

India 

BALAGHAT  MISSION  (1893):  Headquarters:  Behir, 
Central  Provinces,  India ;  Denomination :  Undenominational ; 
Secretary:  Miss  Adelin  Lampard,  114  Clapham  Common, 
London,  N.  E.;  Field:  Four  stations  in  Behir  and  vicinity, 
Central  Provinces,  India;  Income:  Not  stated;  £800  (about 
$4,000)  was  called  for  in  1903. 

BETHEL  SANTAL  MISSION  (1875):  Merged  in 
Indian  Home  Mission  to  the  Santhals  1905. 

INDIAN  HOME  MISSION  TO  THE  SANTHALS 
(1867):  Headquarters:  Benagaria,  Bengal,  India;  Secre- 
tary and  Treasurer:  Rev.  L.  0.  Skrefsrud;  Treasurer:  In 
Denmark,  J.  Schroeder,  Copenhagen,  Denmark;  Field: 
Santal  Parganas  and  Assam,  India;  Income,  year  ending 
March  31,  1902;  $27,288.90  (including  sales  oi  tea);  Ex- 
penditure: (including  expense  of  tea-gardens)  $24,098.10; 
General  Notes:  The  Mission  is  of  Danish  origin  and  re- 
ceives contributions  from  England  and  Scotland.  It  has 
about  13,000  professed  Christians  connected  with  it. 

INDUSTRIAL  AND  EVANGELISTIC  MISSION  OF 
INDIA  (1903):  Headquarters:  Pilibhit,  United  Provinces, 


The  Blue  Book  op  Missions  for  1907         147 

India;  Denomination:  Interdenominational;  Superintendent: 
Rev.  J.  C.  Lawson;  Field:  Pilibhit,  Mussoorie,  Dehra  Dun; 
General  Notes:  Has  honorary  secretaries  in  Great  Britain, 
Canada,  Australia,  and  in  the  United  States,  Mr.  H.  F. 
Kletzling,  151  Washington  St.,  Chicago,  111. 

POONA  AND  INDIAN  VILLAGE  MISSION  (1895) : 
Headquarters :  Nasarapur,  Poona  District,  India;  Denomi- 
nation: Interdenominational;  Director:  Charles  F.  Reeve; 
Secretary  and  Treasurer:  appointed  yearly  by  the  execu- 
tive; Organ:  White  already  to  Harvest,  monthly;  Field: 
Villages  in  Poona  district,  Bombay;  General  Notes:  Obtains 
support  from  contributions  sent  without  personal  solicita- 
tion. It  has  medical  work,  under  a  lady  doctor  and 
European  dispenser  and  nurses. 

RANAGHAT  MEDICAL  MISSION  (1893):  Trans- 
ferred to  the  Church  Missionary  Society,  1905. 

Jamaica 

JAMAICA     BAPTIST       MISSIONARY     SOCIETY 

(1849)  :  Headquarters:  Kingston,  Jamaica;  Secretary: 
Rev.  E.  J.  Hewett,  Anchovy  P.  0.,  Jamaica;  Treasurer: 
Rev.  W.  Pratt,  Kingston,  Jamaica;  Fields:  Jamaica,  Haiti, 
Cayman  Is.,  Costa  Rica,  Panama,  Colombia;  Income  in 
1903:  $8,869.50  (£1,825);  Expenditure:  $9,894.26 ( £2,036 ) ; 
General  Notes:  The  Society  has  10  stations  in  Jamaica  and 
16  in  its  distinctively  foreign  work.  It  has  in  Calabar  Col- 
lege a  training  school  for  evangelists. 

JAMAICA  CHURCH  OF  ENGLAND :  Home  and  For- 
eign Missionary  Society  (1861):  Headquarters:  Kingston, 
Jamaica;  Secretary:  I.  R.  Latreille,  Esq.,  3  Duke  street, 
Kingston,  Jamaica;  Treasurer:  The  Colonial  Bank,  King- 
ston; Field:  Jamaica,  Africa,  and  fields  of  SPG  and  CMS; 
Income  in  1905:  $6,265  (£1,287);  General  Notes:  The  So- 
ciety carries  on  home  missions  in  Jamaica,  and  foreign  mis- 
sions in  the  Rio  Pongas  region.  West  Africa,  besides  sub- 
scribing to  the  general  work  of  the  SPG  and  the  CMS, 


148         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

VARIOUS  SPECIAL  MISSIONS 

CHRISTIAN  SCHOOL  OF  ARTS  AND  CRAFTS 
(1904) :  American  Committee  Headquarters:  New  York 
City;  Secretary:  Mrs.  Kiliaen  Van  Rensselaer;  Treasurer: 
Mrs.  Charles  Atwood  Edwards,  550  Park  avenue,  New  York 
City;  Field:  Industrial  Training  of  Women  in  the  region 
of  Bombay,  India. 

FRIENDS^  AFRICA  INDUSTRIAL  MISSION:  Field: 
Kaimosi,  British  East  Africa;  Income,  year  ending  March 
31,  1904:  $2,000,  included  under  American  Friends^  For- 
eign Missions. 

INDUSTRIAL  MISSIONS  AID  SOCIETY:  Head- 
quarters: 84  Portland  St.,  London;  Denomination:  Unde- 
nominational; Secretary:  Mr.  Fred  Toller;  Field:  India, 
East  Africa;  General  Notes:  Aids  Missions  by  relieving 
them  of  financial  responsibility  and  administration  of  in- 
dustries carried  on  for  the  advantage  of  native  converts. 

LEPERS  IN  INDIA  AND  THE  EAST:  Mission  to 
(1874);  Headquarters:  28  North  Bridge,  Edinburgh,  Scot- 
land; Denomination:  Interdenominational;  Superintendent: 
Wellesley  C.  Bailey;  Hon.  Secretary:  Miss  C.  E.  Pirn, 
Alma,  Monkstown,  Co.  Dublin,  Ireland;  Hon.  Treasurer: 
Col.  G.  C.  Dobbs,  8  Burlington  Road,  Dublin,  Ireland; 
Field:  India,  China,  Japan,  Malaysia;  Income,  year  ending 
Dec.  31,  1905:  $99,787.53  (£20,505);  Organ:  Without  the 
Camp,  quarterly;  General  Notes:  The  Society  aids  24  Brit- 
ish and  American  missionary  societies  in  supporting  work 
for  lepers,  and  maintains  49  asylums  of  its  own,  in  which 
are  3,511  lepers.  The  aided  asylums  number  25  and  in 
them  are  3,661  lepers. 

LEPERS  IN  JERUSALEM  AND  ELSEWHERE 
(1900)  :  Independent  Missionary:  Mrs.  Minerva  Ryerson, 
Jerusalem,  Palestine;  Treasurers:  Rev.  R.  H.  McCready, 
Chester,  N.  Y.:  D.  L.  Conkling,  Middletown,  N.  Y.;  Field: 
The  lepers  of  Jerusalem. 

NATIONAL  ARMENIA  AND  INDIA  RELIEF  ASSO- 
CIATION:  Headquarters:  New  York;    Treasurer:     John 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907          149 

Crosby  Brown  (Brown  Bros.  &  Co.),  59  Wall  Street,  New 
York;  Secretary:  Miss  E.  C.  Wheeler,  The  Albion,  Main 
Street,  Worcester,  Mass. ;  Organ :  The  Helping  Hand,  quar- 
terly; General  Notes:  Aids  in  support  of  orphans. 

PAPUAN  INDUSTRIES,  LIMITED  (1904):  Head- 
quarters:  120  Colraore  Row,  Birmingham,  England;  Secre- 
tary: Thomas  Elson;  Field:  New  Guinea  and  islands  in  the 
Torres  Straits ;  General  Notes :  The  object  of  the  company  is 
to  aid  in  the  material,  moral  and  spiritual  uplifting  of  the 
natives  of  New  Guinea  and  the  islands  of  the  Torres 
Straits.    The  capital  of  the  company  is  £50,000. 

The  central  station  is  on  Mulgrave  (Badue)  Island,  Torres 
Straits.  The  Managing  Director  in  the  field  is  Rev.  F.  W. 
Walker,  formerly  missionary  of  the  London  Missionary 
Society  in  New  Guinea. 

SOCIETIES  OF  THE  CONTINENT  OF  EUROPE 

Denmark 

DANISH  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  (1821)  (Danske 
Missionsselskab) :  Denomination:  Lutheran;  Secretary: 
Rev.  T.  Loegstrup,  Fredericia,  Denmark;  Treasurer:  Mr. 
Chr.  Sehlesch,  Dosseringen  81.2  Sal  Copenhagen  Q. ;  Fields : 
India,  China;  Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1905:  $49,864; 
Organ:  Danske  Mission-Blad ;  General  Notes:  Mission  work 
in  China  (Manchuria)  was  interrupted  by  the  Russo-Japan- 
ese war.  It  has  now  been  reestablished.  There  are  15 
missionaries  (3  of  whom  are  unmarried  women)  at  5 
stations  in  Manchuria;  one  of  the  missionaries  is  a  medical 
man.  In  India  there  are  19  missionaries  (6  being  unmar- 
ried women)  at  8  stations. 

INDIAN  HOME  MISSION  TO  THE  SANTALS:  See 
the  "British  Colonies"  section  for  this  Danish  Mission. 

LOVENTHAI/S  MISSION:  Denomination:  Undenomi- 
national; Secretary:  Rev.  P.  J.  St.  Riemann,  Faxe,  Praste- 
gaard,  Denmark;  Fields:  India. 


150  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Finland,  Russia 

FINNISH  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  (1859)  :  (Finska 
Missions-Selskapet) ;  Headquarters:  Observatoriigatan  18, 
Helsingfors,  Finland;  Mission-Director:  Rev.  Lector  Joos 
Mustakallio;  Secretary:  Pastor  H.  H.  Haaliti;  Treasurer: 
Victor  Jacobson;  Field:  German  S.  W.  Africa,  China;  In- 
come, year  ending  December  31,  1905,  $42,013.75  (Fmk. 
221,125);  Expenditure:  $39,211.44   (Fmk.  206,376). 

France 

PARIS    EVANGELICAL    MISSIONARY    SOCIETY 

(Societe  des  Missions  Evangeliques  chez  les  Peuples  non- 
Chretiens  etablie  a  Paris,  1882)  :  Headquarters :  Maison  des 
Missions,  102  Boulevard  Arago,  Paris;  Denomination: 
Evangelical  Protestant;  Director:  M.  le  Pasteur  A.  Boeg- 
ner;  Secretary:  M.  Jean  Bianquis;  Treasurer:  M.  Onesime 
Beigbeder;  Field:  Basutoland,  Senegal,  French  Congo,  and 
Rhodesia,  Africa,  Madagascar,  Polynesia;  Income,  year 
ending  March  31,  1906:  $144,537.86  (fcs.  748,901);  Ex- 
penditure: $193,791.11  (fcs.  1,004,099) ;  Organ:  he  Journal 
des  Missions  Evangeliques,  Petit  Messager,  L^Ami  des  Mis- 
sions ;  General  Notes :  The  Society  has  had  to  face  during  the 
year  many  difficulties  gi'owing  out  of  the  separation  of 
Church  and  State  in  France  which  throws  all  religious  bodies 
upon  their  own  resources  by  cutting  off  the  State  subsidy. 
A  deficit  of  about  $50,000  at  the  closing  of  its  fiscal  year 
has  been  removed  by  special  subscriptions.  The  Basuto- 
land  mission  is  steadily  growing.  The  work  of  the  Society 
in  New  Caledonia  (Melanesia)  is  gaining  in  interest. 

Germany 

BASEL  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY:  See  Switzerland. 

BERLIN  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  (Gesellschaft  zur 
Beforderung  der  evangelischen  Missionen  unter  den  Heiden 
zu  Berlin  (1824);  also  called  Berlin  L;  Headquarters: 
Georgenkirchstrasse  70,  Berlin,  N.  O.,  Germany;   Mission 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         151 

Director:  Past  Superintendent  Gensichen,  D.D.;  Mission  In- 
spectors: Pastor  I.  Wendland,  Past  Superintendent  A.  Mer- 
ensky,  D.D.,  Lie.  Th.  K.  Axenfeld;  Field:  Cape  Colony, 
Orange  River  Colony,  Transvaal,  Rhodesia,  Natal,  German 
East  Africa,  China;  Income,  year  ending  Dee.  31,  1905: 
$260,556.06  (mks.  1,094,773);  Expenditure:  $308,795.26 
(mks.  1,297,459);  Organ:  Berliner  Missionsberichte,  Mis- 
sionsfreund;  General  Notes:  Books  relating  to  the  Society 
and  its  field  which  can  be  consulted  with  advantage  are  the 
following:  Wangemann's  Ein  Reisejahr  in  Sud  Afrika; 
Ein  Zweiter  Reisejahr  in  Sud  Afrika;  Kratzenstein's 
Geschichte  der  Berliner  Missionsgesellschaft;  Gensichen's 
Bilder  on  Unserem  Missions f elde ;  Merensky's  Erinnerun- 
gen  aus  dem  Missionslehen  in  Transvaal;  Deutscher  Arbeit 
am  Nyassa;  and  Missions  Atlas  der  Berliner  Missionsgesell- 
schaft. 

Berlin  Women's  Missionary  Society  for  China:  See 
Woman's  Work  Section. 

Blind  Females  in  China,  German  Mission  to:  See 
Woman's  Work  Section. 

BREKLUM  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  ( Schleswig-Hol- 
steinische  evang.  luth.  Missionsgesellschaft  zu  Breklum, 
1877);  Headqiiarters :  Breklum,  Schleswig;  Denomination: 
Evangelical  Lutheran;  Inspector:  Pastor  R.  Bahnsen;  Field} 
India;  Income,  year  ending  March  31,  1906:  $41,318.94 
(mks.  173,609);^ Expenditure:  $39,772.41  (mks.  167,111); 
Organ:  Schleswig-Holstenisches  Missionblatt,  Frauen 
Missionsblatt,  Der  Kleine  Missionsherold,  (in  Danish)  Vort 
Missionsblad ;   all  monthly. 

Deaconess'  Institute  at  Kaiserswerth:  See  Woman's  Work 
Section. 

Women's  Society  for  the  Education  of  Women  in  the 
East:  See  Woman's  Work  Section. 

GERMAN  BAPTISTS  IN  BERLIN:  Missionary  Society 
of  the  (Missionsgesellschaft  der  Deutschen  Baptisten  in  Ber- 
lin, 1890) ;  Headquarters:  Filandastrasse,  4  Steglitz  bei 
Berlin,     Germany;     Inspector:  K.  Mascher;  Field:  Kam- 


152         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

erun,  W.  Africa;  Income,  year  ending  December,  1905: 
$27,694  (mks.  90,032.53);  Expenditure:  $27,675  (mks.  89,~ 
702.43);   Organ:  Unsere  Heidenmission,  monthly. 

GERMAN  EAST  AFRICA :  Evangelical  Missionary  So- 
ciety for  (Evangelische  Missionsgesellschaft  fiir  Deutsch- 
Ost-Afrika — Berlin  III. — 1886);  Headquarters:  Grosslich- 
terfelde  bei  Berlin,  Zehlendorferstrasse  55,  Germany;  In- 
spectors: Pastor  W.  Michaelis,  Pastor  W.  Trittelvitz; 
Field:  German  East  Africa;  Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31, 
1903:  $23,196  (mks.  97,461.86);  Expenditure:  $25,990 
(mks.  109,200.77);  Organ:  Nachrichten  aus  der  Ost-Afri- 
kanischen  Mission. 

GENERAL  EVANGELICAL  PROTESTANT  MIS- 
SIONARY SOCIETY  (Allgemeiner  Evangelisch-Protes- 
tantischer  Missionsverein,  1884)  :  Headquarters :  Berlin, 
Germany;  President:  Prediger  D.  Kind,  Kronenstrasse  70, 
Berlin,  W.  8.,  Germany;  Inspector:  Prediger  Dr.  Fobbe, 
Mohrenstresse  13-14,  Berlin,  W.  8. ;  Treasurer :  Max  Thieme, 
Charlottenburg ;  Field:  Japan,  China;  Income,  year  ending 
Dec.  31,  1905:  about  $25,000;  Expenditure:  About  $26,000; 
Organ:  Zeitschrift  flir  Missionskunde  und  Religionswiss- 
enschaft,  Missionsblatt  des  Allg.  Ev.-Prot.  Missionsverein. 

GOSSNER  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  (Gossnersche 
Mission — Berlin  II.,  1836)  :  Headquarters :  Handjeiystrasse 
19-20,  Friedenau-Berlin,  Germany;  President:  Gen.  Sup. 
Dr.  Braun;  Director  of  Missions:  Pastor  Kausch;  Inspec- 
tors: P.  Romer,  P.  Zernick;  Field:  India,  especially  the 
Kols  of  Chota  Nagpur ;  Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1904 : 
$55,919.52  (mks.  234,956) ;  Expenditure:  $79,007.53  (mks. 
332,132.52) ;  Organ:  Die  Biene  auf  dem  Missionsf elde ;  Die 
Kleine  Biene  fiir  Jung  und  Alt;  Mitteilungen  an  den 
Freundeskreis  der  Gossnersehen  Mission,  all  monthly;  Gen- 
eral Notes:  The  Society  employs  only  49  missionaries,  mis- 
sionaries* wives  not  included.  Its  work  is  scattered  through 
2,116  villages.  This  implies  that  its  force  of  native 
workers  is  large  and  well  trained.  Connected  with  the  mis- 
sion at  the  end  of  29   yearns   labor   were   19,355    baptized 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         153 

Christians,  and  22,551  adherents  of  all  classes.  At  the  end 
of  1904  the  baptized  Christians  numbered  64,145,  the  ad- 
herents 82,338  and  the  candidates  for  baptism  18,193.  The 
Kols  from  its  Churches  in  Chota  Nagpur  having  in  some 
number  found  work  in  Assam,  their  teachers  go  with  them. 
As  a  mle,  the  Kols  give  freely  to  Church  objects,  and  work 
well  for  the  evangelization  of  neighboring  pagans.  The 
mission  is  hampered  by  a  deficit  about  $23,000  (mks.  97,- 
176.74). 

HANNOVER  FREE  EVANGELICAL  LUTHERAN 
CHURCH  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  (Mission  der  Han- 
no  verischen  ev.-Luth.  Freikirche  in  Hermannsburg,  1892)  : 
Headquarters:  Nettelkamp,  Hanover,  Germany;  Presi- 
dent: Pastor  Hautze;  Treasurer:  E.  Bingmann;  Field: 
South  Africa:  Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1903:  about 
$5,000;  Organ:  Missionsblatt  der  Hannoverischen  ev.-Luth. 
Freikirche. 

HERMANNSBURG  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  (Her- 
mannsburger  Missionsgesellschaft,  1849)  :  Headquarters : 
Hermannsburg  Hanover,  Germany;  Director:  Egm.  Harms; 
Assoc.  Director:  Pastor  Dr.  George  Haccius;  Field:  Africa, 
India,  Persia;  Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1905:  $134,593 
(mks.  565,937);  Expenditure:  $140,144.90  (mks.  589,264); 
Organ:  Hermannsburger  Missionsblatt,  Das  Missionsblatt 
fur  unsere  liebe  Jugend,  both  fortnightly;  General  Notes: 
The  society  reports  183  stations  and  out-stations,  66  mission- 
aries, 672  native  workers  and  65,689  professing  Christians. 
It  also  reports  11  German  Lutheran  Churches  in  South 
Africa  as  affiliated  with  its  mission.  Its  Persian  Misson  is 
conducted  by  3  Nestorians  who  have  received  Lutheran  in- 
struction. Four-fifths  of  the  Society's  adherents  are  in 
the  Transvaal  Colony.  American  Lutherans  regularly  con- 
tribute to  the  Society's  funds. 

JERUSALEM  SOCIETY  (Jerusarem-verein  in  Berlin, 
1852):  Headquarters:  Berlin;  President:  Count,  on  Zieten 
Schwerin,  Wustrau,  Kreis  Ruppin;  Secretary:  Pastor  DJ 
Weser,  Bischofstrasse  4-5  Berlin,  C.  2,  Germany;  Field: 


154  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Syria;  Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1901:  $21,638;  Organ: 
Neuste  Nachrichten  aus  dem  Morgenlande. 

KIEL  CHINA  MISSION  (Kieler- China-Mission,  1879) : 
Headquarters:  Missionshaus,  Kiel,  Germany;  Conductor: 
Pastor  Witt;  Field:  China;  Organ:  Er  Kommt. 

LEIPZIG  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  ( Evangeliseh-Lu- 
thenisehe  Mission  zu  Leipzig,  1836)  :  Headquarters :  Carolin- 
nenstrasse  19,  Liepzig;  President:  Geh.  Oberkirchenrat  D. 
Bard;  Director  of  Institute:  D.  Schwartz;  Inspector  of 
Missions:  Dr.  Siedel;  Fields:  India,  English  East  Africa; 
German  East  Africa;  Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1905: 
$153,939.82  (mks.  646,806);  ^Expenditure:  $129,281.12 
(mks.  543,198);  Organ:  Missionsblatt ;  General  Notes:  In 
India  this  society  is  successor  to  the  old  Danish-Halle  mis- 
sion in  the  tranquebar  field  and  celebrated  in  1905  the 
200th  aniversary  of  its  establishment.  Including  unmarried 
women,  it  has  in  India  55  missionaries  with  47  stations  and 
out-stations  and  21,516  professing  Christians,  of  whom 
10,011  are  communicants.  In  Africa  its  mission  fields  are 
among  the  Chagga  tribes  on  the  slopes  of  Kilima  Njaro  (21 
missionaries),  and  among  the  Kamba  tribes  east  of  the  moun- 
tain (9  missionaries)  in  British  territory.  The  Society  has 
242  schools  in  India  and  44  in  its  Africa  missions. 

Leipzig  Missionary  Society's  Women's  Auxiliary:  See 
Woman^s  Work  Section. 

MEDICAL  MISSION  UNION  (Verein  fiir  artzHche 
Mission,  1898)  :  Headquarters:  Stuttgart,  Germany;  Man- 
ager: Mr.  Oberlehrer  Kammerer,  Alte  Weinsteige  26,  Stutt- 
gart, Germany;  Treasurer:  Mr.  Max  Hartenstein,  Cann- 
statt,  Germany;  Field:  China,  and  in  general  the  field  of 
the  Basel  Evang.  Missionary  Society;  General  Notes:  The 
Society  collects  funds  for  the  support  of  medical  missions, 
especially  those  of  the  Basel  Society ;  it  aids  medical  mission- 
aries in  the  field  with  donations  of  books  and  instruments, 
and  helps  young  men  to  gain  medical  education  for  service 
in  the  mission  fields. 

MORAVIAN  MISSIONS   ( Missions- Werk  der  Evange- 


The  Blue  Book  op  Missions  for  1907         155 

lischer  Briider  Unittit,  1732);  Headquarters:  Berthelsdorf, 
Hermhut,  Saxony;  President:  Rt.  Rev.  Dr.  Chas.  Buchner, 
Representative  of  the  German  Unity;  Rt.  Rev.  Benjamin 
Latrobe,  Representative  of  the  British  Unity;  Rt.  Rev.  Dr. 
Taylor  Hamilton,  Representative  of  the  American  Unity; 
Vice-Presidents:  Rev.  John  Ban,  Rt.  Rev.  Paul  Hennig; 
Secretaries:  (in  Berthelsdorf)  Rev.  Leonard  Tietzen;  Rev. 
Hermann  Tietzen;  (in  London)  Rev.  C.  J.  Klesel;  (in  Amer- 
ica, Bethlehem,  Pa.)  Rev.  Paul  de  Schweinitz;  Treasurer: 
George  Schammer;  Field:  Labrador,  Alaska,  California, 
West  Indies,  Nicaragua  (Moskito),  Brit.  Guiana,  Dutch  Gui- 
ana, Cape  Colony,  German  East  Africa,  India  (Himalayas), 
Australia;  Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1905:  $479,554 
(mks.  1,918,234);  Expenditure:' $483,535  (mks.  1,934,143); 
Organ:  Missionsblatt  der  Briidergemeine ;  General  Notes: 
The  Society  has  reached  a  point  of  growth  where  income 
each  year  falls  behind  expenditure.  This  implies  that  the 
little  Moravian  body  and  their  friends  must  make  greater 
sacrifices  since  they  cannoit  ignore  the  demands  of  new  work, 
especially  in  German  East  Africa.  The  deficit  has  been  re- 
duced to  $2,838;  stringent  economy  in  administration  is  be- 
ing adhered  to,  and  our  record  closes  in  the  midst  of  strenu- 
ous efforts  to  raise  the  funds  necessary  to  carry  on  the 
whole  work  laid  upon  the  Moravians  by  the  providence  of 
God. 

NEU  DETTELSAU  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  (Mis- 
sions-Anstalt  in  Neuen  Dettelsau;  also  called  Bayerische 
Missions-Gesellschaft,  1886);  Headquarters:  Neuen-Dettel- 
sau,  Bavaria;  Inspector  of  Missions:  Martin  Deinzer;  Field: 
New  Guinea,  Australia;  Income:  $15,000;  Organ:  Frei- 
mund's  Kirehliches  und  Politisches  Wochenblatt,  with  sup- 
plement on  Church  work  in  N.  America,  Australia,  and 
German  New  Guinea. 

NEUKIRCHEN  MISSIONARY  INSTITUTE  (Neukir- 
chener  Missions  Anstalt,  1881) :  Headquarters:  Neukirchen 
bd  More,  Dupseldorf,  Germany;  Inspector:  Pastor  Jul. 
Stursberg;  Treasurer:  Wilhehn  Kielmann;  Field:  Samar- 


156  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

ang  and  Rembang  districts  of  Java;  Lamu  and  Tana  dis- 
tricts in  British  E.  Africa;  Income,  year  ending  May  31, 
1904:  $22,752  (mks.  96,014);  Expenditure:  $22,666  (ml<s. 
95,234  mks;  Organ:  Der  Missions-und-Heid«ibote. 

NORTH  CxERMAN  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  (Nord- 

deiitsehe  Missions  Gesellschaft)  :  Headquarters :  EUhom- 
strasse  26,  Bremen,  Germany;  President:  I.  Schroeder; 
Inspector :  Aug.  W.  Schreiber ;  Treasurer :  G.  Henke ;  Field : 
Togoland,  W.  Africa;  Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1905: 
$52,555  (m.ks.  220,730.98);  Expenditure:  $45,758  (mks. 
181.58) ;  Organ:  Monatsblatt  der  Nordd.  Mis's.  Gesellschaft, 
monthly;  Missions-kinderfreund,  monthly. 

RHENISH  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  (Rheinische  Mis- 
sions Gesellschaft)  :  Headquarters:  Rudolf strasse  129,  Bar- 
men, Germany;  President:  F.  W.  Rohrig,  Barmen;  Inspect- 
ors: Pastor  Haussleiter,  Pastor  Spiecker,  Pastor  Kriele; 
Field:  Cape  Colony,  German  S.  W.  Africa,  Borneo,  Sumatra, 
Nias,  Mentawei  Is.,  China,  New  Guinea ;  Income,  year  ending 
Dec.  31,  1905;  $201,620.35  {mks.  84:7, US.d5)  ;  Expenditure: 
$213,962.95  (mks.  899,004);  Organs:  Berichte  der  Rheinis- 
chen  Missions  Gesellschaft,  Missionsblatt  Barmen,  Der 
Kleine  Missionsfreund,  all  monthly;  General  Notes:  The 
Society  is  almost  unique  in  the  experience  of  coming  face 
to  face  with  a  Mohammedan  propaganda  (in  Sumatra) 
among  pagans,  checking  it  and  winning  converts  from  the 
Mohammedans  themselves  in  some  nmnber.  In  1905  the 
number  of  Mohammedan  converts  baptized  was  155,  and 
767  were  under  instruction  for  baptism.  There  were  also 
1,533  Mohammedan  pupils  in  the  schools  of  the  mission. 

Following  the  native  rising  in  German  S.  W.  Africa,  11 
stations  out  of  16  in  the  north  and  7  out  of  11  in  the  south. 
(Great  Namaqualand)  are  in  operation  with  some  encour- 
agement. 

SUDAN  PIONEER  MISSION  (Sudan  Pionier  Mission, 
1900):  Headquarters:  Eisenach,  Germany;  President: 
Pastor  Ziemendorf,  Emserstrasse  12,  Wiesbaden,  Germany; 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         157 

Treasurer:  P.  Em.  Dammann,  Eisenach;  Field:  Egyptian 
Sudan;  Organ:  Der  Sudan  Pionier. 

The  Netherlands 

ERMELO  MISSIONARY  ASSOCIATION  (Ermelosche 
Zendingsgemeente,  1856):  Headquarters:  Ermelo,  Holland; 
Secretary:  Mr.  W.  H.  Mooij,  Ermelo,  Holland;  Field:  Af- 
rica ;  Organ :  Ermelosch  Zendingsblad,  monthly. 

JAVA  COMMITTEE  (Java  Comite,  1855)  :  Headquar- 
ters: Amsterdam,  Holland;  Secretary:  Rev.  L.  Kuperus, 
Prinzensgracht  303,  Amsterdam;  Treasurer:  J.  A.  Worm- 
ser;  Field:  Bataks  of  Sumatra;  Madura  Id.,  E.  of  Java,  and 
K^ngean  Islands;  Income,  year  ending  Oct.  31,  1905: 
$8,554;  Organ:  Het  Geillustreerd  Zendingsblad,  Java-Cent. 

MENNONITE  UNION  FOR  PROPAGATION  OF  THE 
GOSPEL  IN  THE  EAST  INDIAN  POSSESSIONS  OP 
HOLLAND  (1848)  :  Headquarters:  Amsterdam,  Holland; 
Secretary:  Rev.  K.  I.  Leendertz,  Keizersgracht  194,  Am- 
sterdam, Holland;  Treasurer:  J.  B.  Bierens  de  Haan;  Field: 
Java  and  Simfiatra;  Income,  vear  ending  Dec.  31,  1905: 
$18,941  (fl.  47,117). 

NETHERLANDS  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  (1797): 
(Nederlandsch  Zendeling-genootschap) ;  Headquarters: 
Rechter  Rottekade  59,  Rotterdam,  Holland;  Secretary:  Rev, 
J.  W.  Gunning,  Jr.;  Field:  Dutch  Easit  Indies;  Income, 
year  ending  Dec.  31,1905:  $21,979;  Expenditure:  $25,309; 
Organ:  Maandberichten,  Mededeelingen. 

UNION  FOR  THE  PROPAGATION  OF  THE  GOS- 
PEL IN  EGYPT  (Vereeniging  tot  Uitbreiding  van  het 
Evangelic  in  Egypt,  1886)  :  Headquarters:  Amsterdam; 
Secretary:  Rev.  J.  J.  Van  Noort,  Nassaukade  82,  Amster- 
dam, Holland;  Field:  Calioub,  Egypt. 

MISSION  OF  THE  REFORMED  CHURCHES  IN 
THE  NETHERLANDS  (Zending  van  de  Gerefermeerde 
Kerken  in  Nederland) :  Headquarters:  Smilde,  Holland; 
President:  Dr.  H.  Dykstra;  Secretary:  Dr.  J.  Hania,  Steeu- 


158         The  Blue  Book  op  Missions  for  1907 

wijk;  Field:  Java  and  Sumba;  General  Notes:  The  So- 
ciety has  a  fine  hospital  in  Java  and  10  stations  in  Java  and 
Sumba  together. 

NETHERLANDS  MISSIONARY  UNION  (Nederland- 
sche  Zendingsvereeniging,  1858);  Headquarters:  Rotterdam, 
Holland;  Secretary:  Rev.  F.  A.  van  der  Heijden,  Avenue 
Concordia,  97 ;  Treasurer :  H.  A.  Van  Baak,  Mathenesseriaan 
233 ;  Field :  West  Java ;  Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31, 1905 ; 
$28,086.06  (fl.  70,215.17);  Expenditure:  $26,901.40  (fl. 
67,253.51);  Organ:  Orgaan  der  Nederlendsche  Zendings- 
vereeniging, monthly. 

UTRECHT  MISSIONARY  UNION  (Utrechtsche  Zend- 
ingsvereeniging, 1859)  :  Headquarters:  Utrecht,  Holland; 
Director-Secretary :  Rev.  J.  W.  Gunning,  Jansveld,  Utrecht; 
Treasurer:  G.  L.  Baron  von  Boetzelaer;  Field:  New  Guinea, 
Halmaheira,  and  Burn,  Dutch  East  Indies;  Income,  year 
ending  Dec.  31,  1905:  $32,383.11  (fl.  80,555) ;  Expenditure: 
$28,678.27  (fl.  71,339). 

Norway 

NORWEGIAN  CHURCH  MISSION  OF  SCHREU- 
DER  (1377)  :  Headquarters :  Christiania,  Norway;  Secre- 
tary: Rev.  Paul  Vilhelm  Skaar,  Helgesensgo  44,  Christia- 
nia, Norway;  Field:  South  Africa;  Organ:  Zuluvennea 
Missionblad. 

NORWEGIAN  LUTHERAN  CHINA  MISSION  ASSO- 
CIATION (Det  Norske  lutherske  Kina  missions  forbund, 
1891):  Headqtiarters :  Bergen,  Norway;  Secretary:  Mr. 
Johannes  Brandtzaeg,  Framnes,  Norheimsund,  Norway; 
Treasurer:  A.  Erlandson,  Magnus  Barfods  Gade  11,  Ber- 
gen, Norway;  Field:  Hupeh  and  part  of  Honan,  China; 
Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1905:  $37,720  (Kr.  138,437) ; 
Expenditure:  $35,360  (Kr.  129,768);  Organ:  Kineseren, 
monthly;  General  Notes:  The  number  of  stations  is  11,  and 
of  baptized  Christians  204, 

NORWEGIAN  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  (Norske  Mis- 
sionsselskab,  1842):  Headquarters:     Stavanger,     Norway; 


The  Blue  Book  op  Missions  for  1907  ~       159 

Secretary:  Rev.  L.  Dahle,  Stavanger,  Norway;  Treasurer: 
H.  A.  Olsen;  Field:  Natal  and  Zulnland,  Madagascar;  In- 
come, year  ending  Dec.  31,  1903:  $160,751;  Organ:  Norsk 
Missions  tidende. 

Sweden- 
Sweden  :   EVANGELICAL  NATIONAL   SOCIETY 
IN  (Evangeliska  Fosterlands-Stiftelsens,  1856) ;  Headquar- 
ters:  Stockholm,    Sweden;   Secretary:   Rev.   J.   Montelius, 
Stockholm;     Inspector:     Prof.     Ad.     Kobnodin,     Upsala, 
Sweden;  Field:  India,  Eritrea,  East  Africa  (for  Abyssin- 
ians);  Income:  $149,625;  Organ:  Missionstidning;  General 
Notes:  The  Society  has  seamen's  missions  in  many  foreign 
Seaports. 
Female  Mission  Workers:  See  Woman's  Work  Section. 
HOLINESS   UNION     (Hegelsetorbundet,    1890):    Sec- 
retary: Rev.  A.  Kihlstedt,  Kulma,  Sweden;  Field:  Auxil- 
iary to  the  CIM  in  China. 

SWEDISH  CHURCH  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY 
(Svenska  Kyrkans  Missionsstyrelse,  1874) :  Headquarters: 
Upsala,  Sweden;  Secretary:  Rev.  A.  Ihrmark;  Treasurer: 
h.  Fr.  Zakrisson;  Fields:  India,  South  Africa;  Income, 
year  ending  Dec.  31,  1905;  $65,971;  Organ:  Missionstid- 
ning; General  Notes:  The  Society  also  maintains  missions  to 
seamen  in  German,  British,  French  and  Italian  ports,  be- 
sides special  pastorates  for  Swedes  found  in  various  Eu- 
ropean cities  and  in  South  Africa.  It  has  a  woman's  auxil- 
iary called  the  Woman's  Missionary  Society  of  the  Swedish 
Church,  and  unmarried  women  are  sent  out  by  it. 

SWEDISH  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  (Svenska  Mis- 
sionsforbundet,  1878)  :  Headquarters :  Stockholm,  Sweden; 
Director  of  Missions:  Dr.  P.  P.  Waldenstrom;  Secretary: 
Rev.  W.  Sjoholm;  Field:  Congo  Ind.  State,  Algeria,  Rus- 
sia, Caucasia,  Persia,  China,  Chinese  Turkestan,  Lapland; 
Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1905:  $73,593.85;  Expendi- 
ture :  $76,940 ;  General  Notes :  The  Society  also  has  work  for 
seamen,  for  Sunday-school  extension  in  Sweden,  main- 
taining 2,446  Sunday  schools  with  115,519  scholars;  it  has 


160         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

work  also  for  Jews;  it  has  two  stations  among  Mohamme- 
dans in  Chinese  Turkestan. 

SWEDISH  MISSIONS  IN  CHINA  (Svenska  Missionen 
i  Kina,  1887)  :  Headquarters :  Stockholm,  Sweden;  Secre- 
tary: Rev.  Josef  Holmgren,  Lastmakaregatan  30,  Stock- 
Holm,  Sweden;  Field:  China. 

Switzerland 

BASEL  EVANGELICAL  ISIISSIONARY  SOCIETY 
(Evangelische  Missionsgesellschaft  zu  Basel,  1815)  :  Head- 
quarters:  Basel,  Switzerland;  President:  Pfarrer  Ernest 
Miescher;  Inspector  and  Chief  Secretary;  Dr.  Th.  Oehler; 
Secretaries :  Rev.  Fr.  Wiirz,  Rev.  Hans  Anstein,  Rev.  L.  L 
Frohnmeyer:  Treasurer:  Paul  Ensinger;  Fields:  India, 
China,  Gold  Coast  (W.  Africa),  Kamerun  (W.  Africa)  j 
Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1905:  $360,080.40  (fcs.  1,835,- 
402.08);  Expenditure:  $385,115.11  (fcs.  1,925,579.08);  Or- 
gan: Dei*  Evangelische  Heidenbote,  monthly;  Evangelische 
Missions  Magazin,  monthly;  Der  Heidenfreund,  children's 
monthly;  General  Notes:  The  Society's  largest  mission  in 
point  of  nimiber  of  converts  is  in  the  Gold  Coast  Colony, 
West  Africa.  In  per  cent,  of  increase  the  Mission  in  Kam- 
erun exceeds  all  the  others,  the  number  of  converts  having 
increased  23  per  cent,  in  1905.  The  Society  reports  alto- 
gether 375  missionaries;  51,107  professing  Christians,  of 
whom  2,273  were  added  in  1905 ;  and  654  schools  with  28,793 
scholars.  Nearly  one-third  of  the  schools  are  in  Kamerun, 
but  one-half  of  the  scholars  are  in  India.  The  greatest 
progress  in  the  Society's  Indian  Missions  took  place  (dur- 
ing 1905)  in  Malabar.  The  Society  encounters  in  India 
an  eager  alertness  on  the  part  of  heathen  and  Mohamme- 
dans lo  turn  against  Christianity  the  assertions  of  a  certain 
class  of  modern  theologians.  The  national  movements  in 
China  have  led  to  the  opening  of  "Western"  schools.  The 
mission  lield  in  Kamerun  has  been  extended  to  the  healthier 
plateau  in  the  interior. 

Basel  Women's  Mission:  See  Woman's  Work  Section. 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         161 

SWISS  ROMANDE  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  (Mis- 
sion Romande,  oeuvre  d'evangelisation  chez  les  paiens,  diri- 
g-ee  par  les  Eglises  Libres  de  Vaud,  Neuchatel  et  Geneve, 
1875):  Headquarters:  Lausanne,  Switzerland;  Secretary: 
Rev.  A.  Grandjean,  Chemin  des  Cedres,  Lausanne,  Switzer- 
land; Fields:  Transvaal  Colony,  Portuguese  East  Africa; 
Income,  year  ending  Dee.  31,  1905:  $46,337.94  (fcs.  240,- 
093);  Expenditure:  $47,228.62;  (fes.  244,708);  Organ: 
Bulletin  de  la  Mission  Romande;  General  Notes:  The  So- 
iciety  has  a  fine  medical  mission  at  Elim,  and  a  Normal 
Training  Institution  at  Lemana,  Transvaal. 

WOMAN'S  WORK  FOR  WOMAN 

Note:  For  the  sake  of  unity  of  view  the  details  of  the 
Women's  Missionary  Societies  are  all  given  in  this  section. 

America 

ADVENT 

ADVENT  CHRISTIAN  WOMAN'S  HOME  AND  FOR- 
EIGN MISSIONARY  SOCIETY:  Headquarters:  Rock- 
land, Me.;  Secretary  and  Treasurer:  Miss  Lena  N.  Brad- 
ford, Rockland,  Me.;  Field:  India.  In  the  home  field  the 
Society  works  through  local  Conferences,  mission  Societies, 
etc.  Its  foreign  work  is  entirely  under  its  own  jurisdiction 
and  management.  Income,  1905:  $13,836.08;  Organ:  All 
Nations  Mondily;  General  Notes:  In  its  foreign  work  the 
Society  reports  6  missionaries  and  30  native  workers,  with 
1,000  scholars  in  20  schools. 

HELPERS  UNION,  and  Central  Mission  Branch  of  the 
Advent  Christian  Denomination:  Secretary:  Eva  Stevens, 
Box  280,  Geneva,  III;  Treasurer:  Ella  Pullen,  Box  1157, 
Benton  Harbor,  Mich.;  Superintendent  of  Foreign  Work: 
Mary  L.  Spencer,  150  Green  Ave.,  Benton  Harbor,  Mich.; 
Field:  The  Middle  Western  States  of  America,  Auxiliary 
to  the  Am.  Adv.  Mission  Society;  Organ:  Our  Hope;  Pro- 
phetic Mission  Record. 


162  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

BAPTIST 

WOMAN'S  AMERICAN  BAPTIST  HOME  MISSION 
SOCIETY    (1877):   Headquarters:   510   Tremont   Temple, 
Boston,  Mass. ;  Cor.  Secretary :  Mrs.  M.  C.  Reynolds ;  Treas- 
urer: Miss  G.  L.  Davis;  Fields:  Alaska;  Colored  people  in 
the  South;  Indians  in  Indian  Territory,  Oklahoma,  Mon- 
tana and  New  Mexico;  Chinese  in  California  and  Montana 
Mexico,     Cuba,    Porto    Rico;    immigrants    in    New   Eng- 
land; If}  come,  year  ending  March  31,    1906:    $40,174.75 
Expenditure:  $40,174.75;   Organ:  Home    Mission    Echoes 
monthly ;  General  Notes :  The  work  of  the  Society  is  largely 
educational.    It  has  about  67  teachers  and  missionaries.   The 
Society  is  auxiliary  to  the  American  Baptist  Home  Mission 
Society. 

WOMAN'S  BAPTIST  FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  SO- 
CIETY (1874):  Headquarters:  Ford  Building,  Boston, 
Mass.;  Foreign  Secretary:  Mrs.  H.  G.  Safford; 
Acting  Sec.  of  Publications :  Miss  J.  H.  Wright;  Treasurer: 
Miss  A.  E.  Stedman ;  Fields :  The  fields  of  the  A.  B.  M.  U. ; 
Income,  year  ending  March  31,  1906:  $131,559.97;  Expen- 
diture: $121,878.30;  Organ:  The  Helping  Hand,  Around 
the  World;  General  Notes:  The  work  of  the  Society  is  be- 
ing done  by  women  who  pray,  and  therefore  a  policy  of 
quiet  courage  in  extension  prevails.  The  Society  has  81 
missionaries,  and  its  tremendous  influence  on  the  young  is 
seen  in  the  22,058  scholars  in  its  616  schools. 

WOMAN'S  BAPTIST  FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  SO- 
CIETY OF  THE  WEST:  Headquarters:  1318  Masonic 
Temple,  Chicago,  111. ;  Foreign  Cor.  Secretary :  Miss  Blanche 
G.  Loveridge,  Waukegan,  111.;  Home  Cor.  Secretary:  Miss 
C.  E.  Perrine;  Treasurer:  Mrs.  M.  E.  Kline;  Fields:  The 
fields  of  the  A.  B.  M.  U. ;  Income,  year  ending  March  31, 
1906:  $58,210.74;  Expenditure:  $60,492.16;  Organ:  The 
Helping  Hand,  Around  the  World;  General  Notes:  The  So- 
ciety has  46  missionaries,  with  234  schools,  and  7,891  pupils. 

WOMEN'S  BAPTIST  HOME  MISSION  SOCIETY: 
Headquarters:  2411  Indiana  avenue,  Chicago,  111.;  Secre- 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         163 

tary:  Miss  M.  G.  Burdette;  Treasurer:  Mrs.  A.  H.  Bar- 
ber; Fields:  The  fields  of  the  American  Baptist  Home  Mis- 
sion Society,  with  which  this  Society  practically  co-oper- 
ates, more  especially  among  Negroes,  Indians,  Chinese, 
Japanese  and  European  immigrant  populations,  together 
with  Spanish-speaking  peoples  of  Mexico,  Cuba  and  Porto 
Rico ;  Income,  year  ending  March  31,  1906 :  $93,229.95 ;  Ex- 
penditure: $93,187.48;  Organ:  Tidings,  monthly;  Gen- ^ 
eral  Notes:  The  Society  has  180  missionaries  and  carries 
on  the  Baptist  Missionary  Training  School  in  Chicago. 

CONGREGATIONAL 

WOMAN'S  BOARD  OF  MISSIONS,  BOSTON: 
Headquarters :  14  Beacon  street,  Boston,  Mass.;  Denomina- 
tion: Congregational;  Secretaries:  Miss  E.  Harriet  Stan- 
wood,  Miss  Kate  G.  Lamson,  Miss  Alice  M.  Kyle,  Miss 
Helen  B.  Calder;  Treasurer:  Miss  S.  Louise  Day;  Field: 
Co-operates  with  the  ABCFM  in  its  field;  Income,  year  end- 
ing Oct.  18,  1905:  $157,297.36;  Organ:  Life  and  Light  for 
Women,  Mission  Dayspring  (the  latter  in  co-operation  with 
the  ABCFM),  both  monthly.. 

WOMAN'S  BOARD  OF  MISSIONS  OF  THE  INTE- 
RIOR: Headquarters:  40  Dearborn  street,  Chicago,  111.; 
Denomination:  Congregational;  Secretary:  Miss  M.  D. 
Wingate;  Treasurer:  Mrs.  S.  E.  Hurlbut;  Field:  Co- 
operates with  the  ABCFM,  sending  women  missionaries 
into  its  field;  Income,  year  ending  Oct.,  1905,  $107,597.39; 
Organ:  Mission  Studies,  Life  and  Light,  Mission  Dayspring 
(the  last  two  in  co-operation  with  the  Woman's  Board  of 
Boston). 

WOMAN'S  BOARD  OF  MISSIONS  FOR  THE  PA- 
CIFIC: Headquarters:  Oakland,  Cal.;  Denomination:  Con- 
gregational; Secretaries:  Mrs.  W.  J.  Wilcox;  Mrs.  S.  F. 
Bufford,  Mrs.  C.  B.  Bradley,  Mrs.  C.  W.  Farnum;  Treas- 
urer: Miss  M.  C.  McClees,  361  Adams  st.,  Oakland,  Cal.; 
Field:  Co-operates  with  the  ABCFM,  supporting  6  women 
missionaries  and  aiding  educational  work  in  China,  Japan, 


164  The  BijUe  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

India  and  Turkey;  Income,  year  ending  Sept.  15,  1905: 
$10,053.32;  Organ:  Light  and  Life  for  Women  (in  co-op- 
eraLion  with  the  Woman's  Board  of  Boston). 

WOMAN^S  BOAKD  OF  MISSIONS  FOR  THE  PA- 
CIFIC ISLANDS:  Headquarters:  Honolulu,  Hawaiian  Is- 
lands; Denomination:  Congregational;  Home  Cor.  Secre- 
tary: Mrs.  J.  D.  Marques;  Foreign  Secretary:  Mrs.  A. 
Francis  Judd;  Treasurer:  Mrs.  B.  F.  Dillingham;  Income, 
year  ending  May  31,  1906:  $2,838.06;  Expenditure:  $2,- 
201.69 ;  Field :  Hawaiian  Islands ;  General  Notes :  The  Board 
has  work  among  Hawaiians,  Chinese,  Japanese,  and  Portu- 
guese. 

CHRISTIAN 

WOMAN'S  BOARD  OF  FOREIGN  MISSIONS :  Head- 
quarters: Dayton,  Ohio;  Denomination:  American  ChrLs- 
tian  Convention;  Secretary:  Miss  Annie  Libby,  Saco,  Me.; 
Treasurer:  Miss  Maiy  J.  Batchelor,  New  Bedford,  Mass.; 
Field:  Auxiliary  to  Mission  Board  of  the  Christian  Church; 
Incom.e,  year  ending  Sept.  30,  1905:  $690.93. 

WOMAN'S  BOARD  FOR  HOME  MISSIONS  OF  THE 
CHRISTIAN  CHURCH:  Secretary:  Miss  Orpha  Adkin- 
son,  Winterset,  Iowa;  Treasurer:  Mrs.  Ada  0.  Warbinton, 
Hagentown,  Ind.;  Income,  year  ending  Sept.  30,  1904: 
$701.49. 

DISCIPLES  OF  CHRIST 

CHRISTIAN  WOMAN'S  BOARD  OF  MISSIONS 
(1874)  :  Headquarters :  152  East  Market  street,  Indian- 
apolis, Indiana;  Denomination:  Disciples  of  Christ;  Sec- 
retary: Mrs.  Helen  E.  Moses;  Treasurer:  Miss  M.  J.  Jud- 
son;  Fields:  The  United  States,  Jamaica,  India,  Mexico, 
Porto  Rico,  South  America;  Income,  year  ending  Sept.  30, 
1905:  $204,777.33;  Expenditure:  $196,277.39,  ^of  which 
$77,550.69  was  for  Foreign  Mis?!ions;  Organ:  Missionai-y 
Tidings;  General  Notes:  The  Society  has  138  pa.^tors, 
teachers  and  evangelists  and  30  missionary  organizers  in 
its  employ  in  the  United  States,  with  70  missionaries,  with 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         165 

53  native   workers   in   foreign  fields;   and   there   are  2,660 
pupils  in  27  schools. 

CUMBERLAND  PRESBYTERIAN 

WOMAN'S  BOARD  OF  MISSIONS  OF  THE  CUM- 
BERLAND PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH:  Headquarters: 
Evansville,  Indiana;  Cor.  Secretary:  Mrs.  Dee  F.  Clarke; 
Fields:  Japan,  China,  Mexico,  United  States;  Income,  year 
ending  Dec.  31,  1905 :  $48,340.05,  partly  expended  through 
General  Mission  Board;  Organ:  Missionary  Record. 

EVANGELICAL  ASSOCIATION 

WOMAN^S  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  OF  THE  EVAN- 
GELICAL ASSOCIATION:  Headquarters:  Cleveland, 
Ohio;  Secretaries:  Miss  A.  E.  Rickert,  Miss  M.  Grimm; 
Treasurer:  Mrs.  H.  Mattill;  Field:  United  States,  Europe, 
Japan,  China,  Auxiliary  to  the  General  Missionary  Society 
of  the  EA. 

FREE  BAPTIST 

FREE  BAPTIST  WOMAN'S  MISSIONARY  SO- 
CIETY: President:  Mrs.  M.  A.  Davis,  Ocean  Park,  Me.; 
Secretary:  Mrs.  S.  C.  G.  Avery,  Wells,  Maine;  Treasurer: 
Miss  L.  A.  De  Meritte,  Ocean  Park,  Me.;  Fields:  India,  in 
co-operation  with  the  General  Conference  of  Free  Baptists; 
the  United  States;  Income,  year  ending  Aug.  31,  1906: 
$13,136.21;  Expenditure:  $12,748.02;  Organ:  The  Mission- 
ary Helper,  monthly. 

FREE  METHODIST 

WOMAN^S  FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  OF 
THE  FREE  METHODIST  CHURCH  OF  NORTH 
AMERICA:  Headquarters:  14-16  North  May  street,  Chi- 
cago, 111.;  Secretary:  Mrs.  E.  L.  McGeary,  41  Church  Run 
St.,  Titusville,  Pa.;  Treasurer:  Mrs.  L.  C.  Jensen,  Chicago, 
111.;  Field:  Africa,  India,  Japan,  China,  United  States,  as 
an  auxiliary  to  the  General  Missionary  Board  in  which  it 


166         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

has  members;  Income,  year  ending  Oct.  1,  1905:  $24,598.97; 
Expenditure:  $24,598.97;  Organ:  Missionary  Tidings. 

LUTHERAN 

LUTHERAN  WOMAN'S  HOME  AND  FOREIGN 
MISSION  SOCIETY:  Headquarters:  1522  Arch  street, 
Philadelphia;  Secretary:  Miss  Mary  Brooke,  3111  Clifford 
St.,  Philadelphia;  Cor.  Secretary:  Miss  Mary  Fry,  7301 
Germantown  ave.,  Philadelphia;  Field:  India,  Porto  Rico, 
and  United  States,  auxiliary  to  the  Mission  Board  of  Gen. 
Council  of  the  Lutheran  Church. 

METHODIST  EPISCOPAL 

WOMAN'S  FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  OF 
THE  METHODIST  EPISCOPAL  CHURCH:  Headquar- 
ters: 150  Fifth  avenue.  New  York;  Secretary:  Mrs.  C.  W. 
Barnes,  Delaware,  0.;  Treasurer:  Mrs.  J.  M.  Cornell,  560 
West  26th  St.,  New  York ;  Income,  year  ending  Oct.  1,  1905 
(included  in  the  report  of  the  General  Missionary  Society)  : 
$548,943.55;    Expenditure:   $539,309. 

WOMAN'S  HOME  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  OF  THE 
METHODIST  EPISCOPAL  CHURCH  IN  THE  U.  S.: 
Headquarters:  Cincinnati,  0.;  Corresponding  Secretary: 
Mrs.  Delia  L.  Williams,  Delaware,  0.;  Treasurer:  Mrs. 
Geo.  H.  Thompson,  2144  Fulton  avenue,  Walnut  Hills,  Cin- 
cinnati, 0.;  Field:  The  United  States,  with  Alaska,  the 
Hawaiian  Islands,  and  Porto  Rico,  and  immigrants,  Euro- 
pean and  Asiatic ;  Income,  year  ending  July  31,  1906 :  $412,- 
667.87,  of  which  $744.59  was  balance  from  previous  year; 
Expenditure:  $411,217.28;  Organs:  Woman's  Home  Mis- 
sions; Children's  Home  Missions.  General  Notes:  The 
special  work  of  the  Society  is  uplift  of  home  life  through 
the  women  and  children.  To  this  end  it  sustains  Industrial 
Homes,  schools,  hospitals,  training  schools  for  workers,  and 
deaconesses. 

WOMAN'S  BOARD  OF  MISSIONS  OF  THE  METH- 
ODIST EPISCOPAL  CHURCH  SOUTH  (1878) :  3ea4' 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         167 

quarters:  Nashville,  Tenn.;  Gen.  Secretary:  Mrs.  S.  C. 
Trueheart;  Associate  Secretary:  Mrs.  J.  B.  Cobb;  Record- 
ing Secretary :  Mrs.  M.  Hargrove,  Kansas  City,  Mo. ;  Treas- 
urer: Mrs.  H.  M.  Tyeire,  Nashville,  Tenn.;  Income,  year 
ending  March  31,  1906:  $155,951.10;  Fields:  China,  Korea, 
Brazil,  Mexico  and  Cuba;  Organs:  Woman's  Missionary 
Advocate;  Little  Worker  (for  juveniles);  General  Notes: 
The  Society  emploj^s  70  unmarried  missionary  women  and 
owns  over  $400,000  worth  of  property. 

WOMAN'S  HOME  MISSION  SOCIETY  OF  THE 
METHODIST  EPISCOPAL  CHURCH  SOUTH:  Head- 
quarters: Nashville,  Tenn.;  General  Secretary:  Mrs.  R.  W. 
McDonell;  Treasurer:  Mrs.  W".  D.  Kirkland;  Income,  year 
ending  March  31,  1906:  $79,975.74,  besides  this  amount 
funds  locally  applied  amounted  to  $190,245.72,  and  funds 
for  city  misions  amounted  to  $21,587.57;  Field:  The  United 
States. 

METHODIST  PROTESTANT 

METHODIST    PROTESTANT    CHURCH:    Woman's 

Foreign  Missionary  Society  of  the:  Headquarters:  Pitts- 
burg, Pa.;  Secretaries :  Mrs.  D.  S.  Stephens,  Kansas  City, 
Kansas ;  Mi's.  H.  Hupfield,  Baltimore,  Md. ;  Treasurer :  Mrs. 
J.  W.  Zirckel;  Fields:  Japan  and  China;  Income,  year  end- 
ing April  30,  1906:  $10,189.45;  Expenditure:  $8,320.92; 
Organ:  Woman's  Missionary  Record,  Greensboro,  N.  C. 

PRESBYTERIAN 

WOMEN'S  BOARD  OF  FOREIGN  MISSIONS  OF 
THE  PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH  (NORTH):  Head- 
quarters: 156  Fifth  avenue,  New  York;  Recording  Secre- 
tary: Miss  M.  L.  Blakeman;  twenty  Corresponding 
Secretaries  for  the  different  departments  of  work;  Editor 
Woman's  Work:  Miss  Ellen  C.  Parsons;  Treasurer:  Miss 
H.  W.  Hubbard,  17  W.  Fifty-fifth  street,  New  York  City; 
Field:  Auxiliary  to  General  Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of 
Presbyterian  Church  (N.)  ;  Income,  year  ending  April  25, 
1906:  $76,952;  Expenditure:  $74,432;  Organ:  Woman's 
Work  for  Woma.n;  Over  Sea  an^  Jli^nd^  chilto^f 


168  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

WOMAN^S  FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  'OF 
THE  PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH  (NORTH)  :  Headquar- 
ters: Witherspoon  Building,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  Secretary: 
Miss  S.  E.  Jones  and  fourteen  others;  Treasurer:  Miss 
Sarah  W.  Cattel;  Field:  Auxiliary  to  Presbyterian  Board, 
North. 

WOMAN'S  PRESBYTERIAN  FOREIGN  MISSION- 
ARY SOCIETY,  NORTHERN  NEW  YORK:  Headquar- 
ters: 78  First  street,  Troy,  New  York;  Secretary:  Miss 
Alice  Templeton;  Treasurer:  Mrs.  B.  Arnold;  Field:  Aux- 
iliajry  to  WBM. 

WOMAN'S  PRESBYTERIAN  BOARD  OF  MISSIONS 
OF  THE  NORTHWEST:  Headquarters:  Room  48,  40  E. 
Randolph  st.,  Chicago,  111.;  Secretary:  Miss  Caroline  B. 
Sharp ;  Office  and  Field  Secretary :  Mrs.  D.  B.  Wells ;  Treas- 
urer: Mrs.  T.  E.  D.  Bradley,  48  Le  Moyne  Block,  Chicago; 
Income,  year  ending  April  20,  1 906 :  $97,180 ;  Expenditure : 
$96,181.83;  Field:  Auxiliary  to  Presbyterian  Boai'd,  North; 
General  Notes:  The  Society  supports  131  missionaries. 

AVOMAN'S  OCCIDENTAL  BOARD  OF  FOREIGN 
MISSIONS:  Headquarters:  920  Sacramento  street,  Sau 
Francisco,  Cal.;  Secretary:  Mrs.  M.  J.  Thomas;  Treasurer: 
Mrs.  E.  G.  Dennison;  Field:  Auxiliary  to  Presbyterian 
Board,  North. 

PRESBYTERIAN  (NORTH)  WOMAN'S  PACIFIC 
BOARD  OF  FOREIGN  MISSIONS:  Headquarters: 
Portland,  Oregon;  Treasurer:  Mrs.  H.  C.  Campbell;  Field: 
Auxiliary  to  Presbyterian  Board,  North. 

WOMAN'S  PRESBYTERIAN  BOARD  OF  FOR- 
EIGN MISSIONS  OF  THE  SOUTHWEST:  Headquar- 
ters: Room  21,  1516  Locust  street,  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  Cor.  Sec- 
retaries :  Mrs.  Meade  C.  Williams,  Mrs.  Clarence  Beck,  Mrs. 
E.  J.  Bayles;  Treasurer:  Mrs.  Wm.  Burg;  Field:  Auxiliary 
to  Presbyterian  Board,  North;  Organ:  Board  of  the  South- 
west, quarterly. 

PRESBYTERIAN     CHURCH    IN    THE    U.    S.    A. 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         169 

(NORTH)  WOMAN'S  BOARD  OF  HOME  MISSIONS 
(1878) :  Headquarters:  156  Fifth  avenue,  New  York  City; 
President :  Mrs.  Darwin  R.  James;  Corresponding  Secre- 
tary: Mrs.  Ella  Alexander  Boole;  Treasurer:  Miss  S.  F. 
Lincoln;  Field:  School  work  among  exceptional  popula- 
tions in  the  United  States  and  in  Cuba  and  Porto  Rico;  In- 
come, year  ending  March  31,  1906:  $505,830,  included  in 
report  of  the  Board  of  Home  Missions;  Organ:  Home  Mis- 
sion Monthly;  Over  Sea  and  Land;  General  Notes:  The 
Board  plans  to  establish  also  in  each  mission  field,  a  school  of 
higher  grade  for  training  teachers  and  mission  workers.  In 
most  of  these  higher  schools  prominence  is  given  to  indus- 
trial training.  Chapels,  schoolhouses  and  buildings  for 
boarding  and  industrial  schools  are  erected  by  funds 
especially  contributed.  The  Board  has  185  stations,  476 
missionaries,  and  10,872  pupils. 

PROTESTANT  EPISCOPAL 

WOMAN'S  AUXILIARY  OF  THE  DOMESTIC  AND 
FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  OF  THE  PRO- 
TESTANT EPISCOPAL  CHURCH  IN  THE  UNITED 
STATES  OF  AMERICA:  Headquarters:  281  Fourth  ave- 
nue. New  York  City;  Secretary:  Miss  Julia  C.  Emery;  In- 
come, year  ending  Aug.  31,  1906:  $197,638.82,  included  in 
receipts  of  the  General  Board  of  Missions. 

reformed 

WOMAN'S  BOARD  OF  MISSIONS  OF  THE  RE- 
FORMED CHURCH  IN  AMERICA:  Headquarters:  25 
East  Twenty-second  street,  New  York;  Denomination:  Re- 
formed (Dutch);  Secretary:  Miss  0.  H.  Lawrence;  Treas- 
urer: Mrs.  F.  S.  Douglas;  Field:  China,  India,  Japan, 
Arabia  (auxiliary  to  RCA) ;  Organ:  Mission  Gleaner. 

REFORMED  CHURCH  IN  AMERICA  WOMEN'S 
EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE  OF  THE  BOARD  OF  DO- 
MESTIC MISSIONS:  Headquarters:  25  East  Twenty- 
second  street.  New  York  City;  Income,  year  ending  April 
30,1906:$43;692.78. 


170  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

REFORMED  CHURCH  IN  THE  U.  S.;  Women's  Mis- 
sionary Society  of  the  General  Synod  of  the:  Cor.  Secre- 
tary: Mrs.  B.  B.  Krammes,  82  Clinton  st.,  Tiffin,  0.;  Treas- 
urer: Mrs.  A.  K.  Kline,  758  North  Avenue,  Wilkinsburg, 
Pa. 

SOUTHERN  BAPTIST 

SOUTHERN  BAPTIST  CONVENTION  WOMEN'S 
MISSIONARY  UNION:  Headquarters:  233  N.  Howard 
street,  Baltimore,  Md.;  Secretaries:  Mrs.  A.  E.  Tucker,  Miss 
Nellie  Martein;  Treasurer:  Miss  E.  V.  Ricker;  Field:  Auxil- 
iary to  the  Southern  Baptist  Convention. 

UNITED     BRETHREN 

UNITED  BRETHREN  IN  CHRIST :  Women's  Mission- 
ary Association  of  the :  Headquarters :  Dayton,  Ohio ;  Secre- 
taries: Mrs.  B.  F.  Witt,  Mrs.  L.  O.  Miller;  Treasurer:  Mrs. 
B.  F.  Witt;  Fields:  China,  Africa,  PhiUppine  Islands;  In- 
come, year  ending  May  14,  1906:  $32,740.72;  Organ: 
Woman's  Evangel ;  General  Notes :  The  Association  conducts 
its  work  in  Africa  jointly  with  the  Foreign  Missionary  So- 
ciety of  the  United  Brethren  Church. 

UNITED  EVANGELICAL 

UNITED  EVANGELICAL  CHURCH:  Woman's  Home 
and  Foreign  Missionary  Society  of  the:  Secretary:  Mrs. 
Ida  M.  Haefele,  Maple  Park,  111.;  Editor:  Miss  Estella  K. 
Steinmetz,  Harrisburg,  Pa.;  Treasurer:  Mrs.  W.  E.  Det- 
wiler,  Lemoyne,  Pa.;  Field:  United  States  and  China,  aux- 
iliary to  the  General  Missionary  Board  of  the  Church;  In- 
come, ] 903-1904:  $13,148.74;  Expenditure:  $12,130.74; 
Organ:  Missionary  Tidings,  Missionary  Gem,  both  monthly. 

UNITED  PRESBYTERIAN 

WOMEN'S  GENERAL  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  OF 
THE  UNITED  PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH:  Head- 
quarters: Pittsburg,  Pa.;  Recording  Sec:  Mrs.  S.  Yourd, 
625  Highland  ave.,  Carnegie,  Pa.;  Cor.  Secretary  of  For- 
eign Missions:  Mrs.  E.  M.  Hill,  5502  Margaretta  st.,  Pitts- 
bui|:;   Cor,  Secretary  of  Home  Missions;   Mrs,     J3,     C, 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         171 

Campbell,  831  N.  St.  Clair  street,  Pittsburg;  Treasurer: 
Mrs.  J.  B.  Hill,  5630  Bartlett  st.,  Pittsburg,  Pa;  Field: 
India,  Egypt  and  Sudan;  Income,  year  ending  April  30, 
1906:  $119,678.61  for  both  Home  and  Foreign  work,  of 
which  $61,596.28  is  for  the  Foreign  work;  General  Notes: 
The  Society  is  composed  of  the  women  of  the  U.  P.  Church, 
and  its  agent  is  a  Board  of  Directors  of  15  women,  with 
two  meetings  each  month.  There  is  one  general  treasurer 
and  a  corresponding  secretary  for  each  department  of 
work — Home,  Foreign,  Freedmen,  Parsonage,  Literature, 
Ministerial  Relief,  Junior. 

INTERDENOMINATIONAL 

AMERICAN  RAMABAI  ASSOCIATION  (1898): 
Headquarters:  Cleveland,  Ohio;  Denomination:  Interde- 
nominational; Secretary:  Mrs.  George  H.  McCrew,  715 
Case  avenue,  Cleveland,  Ohio;  Treasurer:  Mr.  Curtis  Chip- 
man,  222  Boylston  street,  Boston,  Mass.;  Field:  India; 
Income,  year  ending  February  29,  1904:  $6,762.27,  besides 
balance  on  hand  from  1903,  ($2,509.08);  Expenditure: 
$7,709.01. 

WOMAN'S  UNION  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  OF 
AMERICA  FOR  HEATHEN  LANDS  (1860) ;  Headquar- 
ters: 67  Bible  House,  New  York;  Denomination:  Unde- 
nominational; Secretary:  Miss  S.  D.  Doremus;  Assistant 
Treasurers:  Miss  M.  S.  Stone,  Miss  E.  B.  Stone;  Fields: 
India,  China,  Japan;  Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1905: 
$46,107.50;  Expenditure:  $43,262.35;  Organ:  Missionary 
Link,  monthly. 

Great  Britain 

BAPTIST  ZENANA  MISSION  (1867) :  In  connection 
with  BMS;  Headquarters:  19  Fumival  street,  Holborn, 
London,  E.  C,  England;  President:  Mrs.  Edward  Robinson, 
Bristol ;  Secretaries :  Miss  A.  G.  Angus,  Miss  E.  A.  AngiLS, 
Mrs.  George  Kerry;  Treasurer:  Mrs.  A.  Pearce  Gould,  10 
Queen  Anne  street.  Cavendish  Square,  London,  W.;  Fields: 
Ju<|ia  and  China;  Income,  ^ear  ending  March  31^  1906; 


172  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

$65,955.66   (£13,533);  Expenditure:  $67,420.53   (£13,854); 
Organ:  Baptist  Zenana  Mission  Magazine,  monthly. 

BRITISH  SYRIAN  MISSION  SCHOOLS  AND  BIBLE 
WORK  (1860):  Headquarters:  29a  High  street,  Wimble- 
don, London,  S.  W.,  England;  Denomination:  Interdenomi- 
national;  Secretary:  Miss  Wilmot;   Field;   Syria, 

CHURCH  OF  ENGLAND  ZENANA  MISSIONARY 
SOCIETY:  Headquarters:  Lonsdale  Chambers,  27  Chan- 
cery Lane,  London,  W.  C,  Eng. ;  Secretaries:  Clerical,  Rev. 
G.  Tonge;  Cent.  Association,  Miss  Mulvany;  Lay:  H.  L. 
Hebbert,  Esq.;  Treasurer:  Col.  Robert  Williams;  Fields: 
India,  Ceylon,  Malaysia,  China;  Income^  year  ending  March 
31,  1906 :"  $268,168.48  (£55,825);  Expenditure:  $292,418.25 
(£60,088);  Organ:  India's  Women  and  China's  Daughters. 

METHODI'^.T  NEW  CONNEXION  MISSIONARY 
SOCIETY:  Woman's  Auxiliary  for  China;  Secretary:  Miss 
Stacey,  Ranmoor,  Sheffield,  England. 

MILDMAY  ASSOCIATION  OF  WOMEN  WORKERS 
(1862)  :  Headquarters :  Mildmay  Deaconess'  House,  Lon- 
don, N.,  England;  Hon.  Secretary:  Miss  Dreaper;  Assist- 
ant Hon.  Secretaries:  Miss  Elout,  Miss  E.  Mayfield;  Gen- 
eral Note:  The  Association  is  intended  to  link  in  fellowship 
women  engaged  in  Christian  work  in  many  lands;  in  1906 
having  about  1,200  members. 

PALESTINE  AND  LEBANON  NURSES'  MISSION 
(1865):  Denomination:  Church  of  England;  Hon.  Secre- 
tary: Miss  Lloyd,  22  Albert  Square,  Clapham  Road,  Lon- 
don, S.  W.,  England;  Treasurer:  J.  W.  Peake,  Esq.;  Field: 
Palestine:  Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1902:  $2,769  (£569 
15s.);  Expenditure:  $2,706.37  (£566  17s.);  Organ:  Open 
Doors. 

PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH  OF  ENGLAND, 
WOMAN'S  MISSIONARY  ASSOCIATION  OF  THE: 
Auxiliary  to  the  Foreign  Missionary  Committee:  Headquar- 
ters: 7  East  India  avenue,  London,  S.  E.,  England;  De- 
nomination: Presbyterian;  Secretaries:   Mrs.   Matthews,  25 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         173 

Christ  Church  Avenue,  Brandesbury,  London,  N.  W.,  Eng- 
land; Mrs.  Voelcher,  20  Upper  Philmore  Gardens,  Kensing- 
ton, London,  England;  Organ:  Our  Sistei^  in  Other  Lands. 

CHURCH  OF  SCOTLAND:  Women's  Association  for 
Foreign  Missions  (1837)  (Previous  to  1883  the  Society  was 
called  Scottish  Ladies'  Association  for  the  Advancement  of 
Female  Education  in  India) ;  Headquarters :  22  Queen 
street,  Edinburgh,  Scotland;  Secretary:  Miss  Rutherfurd; 
Field:  Auxiliary  to  Foreign  Missions  Committee  of  the 
Church  of  Scotland  in  India,  China  and  British  Central 
Africa;  Income:  $73,779  (£15,181),  included  in  Church  of 
Scotland  Report. 

CHURCH  OF  SCOTLAND  WOMEN'S  ASSOCIA- 
TION FOR  THE  CHRISTIAN  EDUCATION  OF  JEW- 
ESSES (1846)  :  President:  Mrs.  Duncan;  Secretary:  Miss 
Kidley,  22  Queen  street,  Edinburgh;  Income  1905:  $5,362.88 
(£1102). 

WOMAN'S  FOREIGN  MISSIONS  OF  THE  UNITED 
FREE  CHURCH  OF  SCOTLAND  (1900)  :  Headquarters: 
35  North  Bank  street,  Edinburgh,  Scotland;  Secretary: 
Rev.  William  Stevenson,  M.  A.;  Treasurer:  A.  E.  Ellison 
Ross,  Esq.;  Field:  Auxiliary  to  Foreign  Missions  Com- 
mittee of  the  United  Free  Church  of  Scotland;  Income: 
$111,309.32  (included  in  income  of  Foreign  Missions  Com- 
mittee). 

SOCIETY  FOR  THE  PROPAGATION  OF  THE  GOS- 
PEL IN  FOREIGN  PARTS:  Woman's  Association  of 
the :  Now  the  Committee  of  Women's  Work :  See  S.  P.  G. 
in  British  General  lisit. 

TABEETHA  MISSION,  JAFFA  (1863);  Benomina- 
tion:  Undenominational;  Secretary:  Miss  E.  Walker- Ar- 
nott,  24  St.  Bernard's  Crescent,  Edinburgh,  Scotland;  Field: 
Jaffa,  Syria;  General  Notes:  Maintains  a  Home  in  Jaffa 
with  a  Girls'  Boarding  School  and  two  Day  Schools.  There 
are  (1906)  about  70  pupils. 

WESLEYAN  METHODIST  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY, 
WOMEN'S  AUXILIARY:  Headquarters:  Wesleyan  Cen- 


174         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

tenary  Hall,  17  Bishopsgate  street  Within,  London,  E.  C; 
Hon.  Foreign  Secretary:  Mrs.  Wiseman j  Cash  Secretary: 
Miss  H.  L.  Pope;  Fields:  India,  Ceylon,  China,  South  Af- 
rica, Italy,  and  Spain;  Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1905: 
$92,122.84  (£18,930);  Expenditure:  $93,991.57  (£19,314); 
General  Notes:  The  Society  has  78  missionaries  (women) 
in  the  field. 

ZENANA  BIBLE  AND  MEDICAL  MISSION  (1852) : 
Headquarters:  2  Adelphi  Terrace,  Strand,  London,  W.  C, 
England;  Denomination:  Undenominational;  Secretaries: 
The  Hon.  Gertrude  Kinnaird,  Rev.  A.  R.  Cavalier,  Mrs. 
Firth;  Hon.  Finance  Secretary:  A.  H.  Habershaw,  Esq.; 
Field:  India;  Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1903:  $107,090 
(£22,035  17s.);  Expenditure:  $100,402  (£20,658  12s.). 

British  Colonies 

australia. 

PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH  OF  AUSTRALIA  WOM- 
EN^S  MISSIONARY  ASSOCIATION:  Headquarters: 
Sydney;  Organizing  Secretary:  Miss  Forbes;  Field:  In- 
dia; Organ:  Ministering  Women. 

CANADA 

UNITED  BAPTIST  WOMEN'S  MISSIONARY 
UNION  OF  THE  MARITIME  PROVINCES :  Headquar- 
ters: St.  John,  N.  B.;  Secretary:  Miss  Emma  Hume,  Dart- 
mouth, Halifax  Co.,  Nova  Scotia;  Treasurer:  Mrs.  Mary 
Smith,  Amherst,  N.  S. ;  Field:  India,  as  auxiliary  to  BMP; 
Organ:  Tidings. 

WOMAN'S  BAPTIST  FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  SO- 
CIETY OF  EASTERN  ONTARIO  AND  QUEBEC: 
Headquarters:  Montreal;  Secretary:  Mrs.  H.  H.  Ayer,  264 
Wood  ave.,  Westmount,  Montreal;  Treasurer:  Mrs.  M. 
C.  Riekert,  60  Bruce  ave.,  Westmount,  Que.;  Field:  India, 
as  auxiliary  to  the  BOQ;  Income,  year  ending  Sept.  30, 
1905:  $3,533.74;  Expenditure:  $3,357.48;  Organ:  Canadiaa 
Missionary  Link. 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         175 

WOMAN'-S  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  OF  THE 
METHODIST  CHURCH:  Headquarters:  50  Markland  st., 
Hamilton,  Ontario;  Fields:  Auxiliaiy  to  Missionary  Society 
of  the  Methodist  Church  in  Canada. 

PRESBYTERIAN  WOMAN'S  FOREIGN  MISSION- 
ARY SOCIETY  (Western  Division):  Headquarters:  To- 
ronto, Ontario;  Secretary:  Mrs.  Donald,  31  Wilcox  street, 
Toronto,  Ontario;  Field:  Auxiliary  to  Presbyterian  Church 
in  Canada  Foreign  Missions.  The  Western  Division  paid 
to  the  General  Society,  year  ending  March  1,  1906 :  $56,127, 
and  from  the  Woman's  Society  of  Montreal,  $2,122.  Total, 
$58,249. 

Eastern  Division:  Headquarters:  Halifax,  N.  S.;  Secre- 
tary: Miss  B.  McGregor;  Field:  Auxiliary  to  Presbyterian 
Church  in  Canada  Foreign  Missions.  The  Eastern  Di\ision 
paid  to  the  General  Society  (which  included  the  amount  in 
its  income)  during  the  year  ending  March  1,  1906,  $16,750. 

India 

NORTH  INDIA  SCHOOL  OF  MEDICINE  FOR 
CHRISTIAN  WOMEN  (1894):  Headquarters:  Ludhiana, 
Punjab,  India;  Princijml:  Miss  A.  L.  Church,  M.  D.;  SupH 
Memorial  Hospital:  Miss  E.  M.  Brown,  M.D.;  Hon.  Secre- 
tary of  General  Committee  in  India:  Miss  Aitkin,  Kasur, 
India;  General  Notes:  The  number  of  students  (July,  1906), 
is  35.  The  Memorial  Hospital  connected  with  the  School 
has  about  70  beds  and  is  being  enlarged  to  increase  the 
number  to  100.  A  grant  from  the  Government  of  about 
$9,000  is  used  for  this.  During  1905  the  patients  received 
in  the  hospital  numbered  780,  and  9,676  patients  were 
treated  outside  of  the  hospital.  For  the  London  Committee 
see  Great  Britain  section.  For  the  American  Committee 
see  U.  S.  section.. 

European  Continent 

BERLIN  WOMEN'S  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  FOR 
CHINA  (Berliner  Frauen  Missionsverein  f  iir  China,  1850)  : 


176  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Headquarters:  Berlin,  Germany;  President:  Fraiilein  Julie 
von  Buddenbrock;  Inspector:  Pastor  Sauberzweig-Schmidt, 
Georgenkirchstrasse  70;  Treasurer:  Julius  Schlunk;  Field: 
Hongkong,  China,  auxiliary  of  Berlin  Missionary  Society; 
Organ:  Mitteilungen  des  Berliner  Frauenvereins  fiir  China, 
quarterly. 

BLIND  FEMALES  IN  CHINA,  GERMAN  MISSION 
TO  (Deutsche  Blindenmission  unter  dem  weiblichen  Ge- 
schlecht  in  China,  1S90)  :  Headquarters :  Hildesheim,  Ger- 
many; Lady  President  and  Acting  Treasurer:  Fraulein 
Luise  Cooper,  Sedanstrasse  33,  Hildesheim;  Field:  Hong- 
kong, China;  Income,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1902:  $8,268; 
Organ:  Tsaukwong,  quarterly;  has  an  edition  in  raised  let- 
ters for  the  blind. 

DEACONESS  INSTITUTE  AT  KAISERWERTH  ON 
THE  RHINE  (1863):  Headquarters:  Kaiserwerth,  near 
Dusseldorf,  Rhenish  Westphalia,  Germany;  Directors:  Pas- 
tor G.  Fliedner  and  Pastor  W.  Zoellner;  Treasurer:  Peter 
Bredt,  Barmen,  Germany;  Field:  Europe,  North  America, 
and  the  Levant ;  Income,  year  ending  March  1,  1902 :  $171,- 
447  (mks.  720,368) ;  Expenditure:  $169,762  (mks.  713,290) ; 
Organ:  Dank-  und  Denk-Blatter  (occasionally). 

The  Kaiserwerth  "Motherhouse"  has  266  affiliated  insti- 
tutions— schools,  hospitals  and  refuges — in  various  parts  of 
Europe  and  the  Levant,  under  charge  of  926  deaconesses. 
From  the  Kaisei-werth  institution  have  sprung  (1901)  75 
"Motherhouses"  in  Germany,  Holland,  Denmark,  Sweden, 
France,  Russia  and  America.  These  "Motherhouses"  now 
direct  the  efforts  of  14,501  deaconesses  or  probationers  in 
5,211  district  fields  of  work.  The  receipts  of  the  "Mother- 
houses"  reported  in  1901  were,  in  aggregate,  $3,202,326 
(mks.  13,456,153).  The  Motherhouses  have  organized  as 
a  Union  which  holds  a  triennial  conference  and  has  an 
Organ,  published  quarterly,  called  "Der  Armen-  und  Kran- 
ken-Freund." 

WOMEN'S  SOCIETY  FOR  EDUCATION  OF 
WOMEN  IN  THE  EAST  (Frauen-Verein  fiir  Christliehe 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  foe  1907         177 

Bildimg  des  Weiblichen  Geschlechts  im  Morgenlande,  1842) : 
Headquarters:  Berlin,  Germany;  President:  Fraulein  Julie 
von  Buddenbrock;  Secretary:  Fraulein  Marie  von  Wedel, 
Matthaikirchstr.  13,  Berlin;  Treasurer:  Herr  Geh.  Rech- 
nungsrat  W.  Beneke,  N.  Artilleriestr,  16,  Berlin;  Field: 
India;  Income,  year  ending  Dec.  15,  1902:  $4,989;  Expen- 
diture: «4,797;  Organ:  Missionsblatt  des  Frauenvereins. 

WOMAN'S  AUXILIARY  OF  THE  LEIPZIG  MIS- 
SIONARY  SOCIETY  ( Frauen-Hilf s-Vereine  der  Evange- 
lisch-Lutherischen  Mission  zu  Leipzig,  1895)  :  Headquar- 
ters: Leipzig,  Carolinnen  Strasse  19;  Director:  Dr.  von 
Schwartz;  Expenditure,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1903:  $7,- 
575.50   (mks.  31,829.85). 

SWEDISH  FEMALE  MISSION  WORKERS  (Kvin- 
nliga  Missions-Arbetare,  1894)  :  Headquarters :  Stockholm, 
Sweden;  Secretary:  Miss  Ellen  Palmstiema,  Birga,  Jarls- 
gatan  14,  Sweden. 

SWEDISH  CHURCH  WOMAN'S  MISSIONARY  SO- 
CIETY: See  Swedish  Church  Missionary  Society  in  gen- 
eral list. 

SWITZERLAND:  BASEL  WOMEN'S  MISSION 
(Basler  Frauenmission,  1899):  Headquarters:  Basel; 
President  of  the  Committee:  Professor  Paul  Christ;  Secre- 
tary: Rev.  Fr.  Wiirz;  Field:  The  fields  of  the  Basel  Mis- 
sionary Society  to  which  it  is  auxiliary. 

CHRISTIAN  LITERATURE 

'  There  is  only  one  Book  for  the  Universal  Church.  Through  all  revolu- 
tions of  thought  and  transformations  of  Society  that  Book  still  proclaims 
the  everlasting  Gospel  of  redemption  and  resurrection.  And  when  at  the 
end  of  another  century  our  successors  gather  together  amid  changes  of  which 
we  have  not  yet  begun  to  dream,  we  may  be  confident  that  whatever  else  on 
earth  has  decayed  and  waxed  old  and  vanished  away,  the  Bible  will  still  b« 
reigning  and  conquering  by  its  revelation  of  the  life  of  God." — BFBS  Report, 
1904. 

BIBLE  SOCIETIES 

AMERICAN  BIBLE  SOCIETY  (1816):  Headquarters: 
Bible  House,  New  York;  Denomination:  Interdenomina- 
tional; Secretaries:  Rev.  John  Fox,  Rev.  W.  I.  Haven; 
Treasurer:  William   Foulke;   Field:  The    United    States, 


178         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Cuba,  Porto  Rico,  Mexico,  Central  America,  South  America, 
European  continent,  the  Levant,  Turkey,  Egypt,  the  Sudan, 
Arabia,  Persia,  India,  China,  Siam,  Korea,  Japan,  Philip- 
pine Islands,  Hawaii,  Micronesia  and  South  Africa ;  Income, 
year  ending  March  31,  1906:  $438,677.02;  Organ:  Bible 
Society  Record,  monthly;  The  Bible  in  Every  Land,  quar- 
terlj^;  General  Notes:  Falling  off  of  ordinary  receipts  from 
contributions  threatened  for  a  time  disastrous  curtailment 
of  work.  A  special  appeal,  however,  brought  such  responses 
as  relieved  the  situation  before  the  celebration  of  the 
ninetieth  anniversary  in  May,  1905.  The  issues  of  1905 
amount  to  2,236,755  volumes — Bibles,  New  Testaments  and 
Portions — and  of  these  1,296,388  were  issued  abroad.  The 
total  issues  in  90  years  amount  to  78,509,529  copies.  The 
Society  has  a  special  Agency  for  the  colored  people  of  the 
South,  541  Auxiliary  Societies  in  different  parts  of  the 
United  States,  and  11  Agencies  in  foreign  lands  (including 
in  this  category  Porto  Rico  and  the  Philippines).  It  has 
employed  470  persons  in  distributing  the  Scriptures  in  the 
fields  of  these  Foreign  Agencies. 

BRITISH  AND  FOREIGN  BIBLE  SOCIETY  (1804) : 
Headquarters:  146  Queen  Victoria  street,  London,  E.  C, 
England;  Denomination:  Interdenominational;  Secretaries: 
Rev.  Arthur  Taylor,  Rev.  J.  H.  Ritson;  Superintendent 
Translating  and  Editorial  Department:  Rev,  John  Sharp; 
Superintendent  Literary  Department :  Rev.  T.  H.  Darlow; 
Home  Superintendent:  Rev.  H.  A.  Raynes;  Treasurer: 
Robert  Barclay,  Esq.:  Field:  The  World;  Income,  year 
ending  March  31,  1906:  $1,128,853  (£231,964);  Ex- 
penditure: $1,162,373.25  (£238,632);  Organ:  Bible  in  the 
World,  monthly;  Bible  Society  Gleaning"s,  monthly;  Gen- 
eral Notes:  The  issues  of  the  Society  in  1905  were  968,683 
Bibles,  1,326,475  Testaments,  and  3,682,295  Portions, 
making  a  total  of  5,977,453  copies.  The  total  issues  since 
1804  have  amounted  to  198,515,199  copies. 

Eleven  languages  appear  on  the  Society ^s  list  this  year 
for  the  first  time :  two  in  India,  one  in  Tibet,  one  in  Cochin 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  fob  1907         179 

China,  three  in  Africa,  one  in  Central  America,  and  three 
in  Polynesia. 

The  BFBS  has  25  Foreign  Agents,  and  during  1905  it 
has  maintained  930  colporteurs  in  many  lands,  besides  680 
native  Christian  Bible  women  in  connection  with  40  mis- 
sionary organizations  in  "those  Eastern  lands,  where  only 
women  can  carry  the  Gospel  to  their  secluded  sisters." 
Outside  of  the  British  islands  the  Society  has  nearly  2,000 
auxiliaries  and  branches,  mainly  in  the  British  Colonies. 

The  result  achieved  in  1905  is  the  more  remarkable  in 
view  of  hindrances  in  many  parts  of  the  world.  Despite 
the  disturbed  state  of  Russia,  its  circulation  has  only  once 
before  been  larger  in  the  Czar's  dominions.  Both  in  Japan 
and  Korea  the  sales  were  double  those  in  1904.  In  China 
amid  the  birth-throes  of  great  reforms  the  Society's  cir- 
culation again  considerably  exceeded  a  million  copies.  At 
Winnipeg  the  Society's  depot  has  supplied  Scriptures  in 
43  languages  for  the  polyglot  emigrants  who  pour  through 
that  gateway  to  northwestern  America.  Amid  the  babel  of 
Johannesburg  in  South  Africa,  52  different  versions  have 
been  sold.  In  many  regions  the  kindling  of  religious  re- 
vival has  created  a  great  new  demand  for  the  Scriptures, 
as,  for  example,  in  Madagascar,  in  Korea,  in  India  and 
among  the  Khasi  hills  of  Assam. 

BIBLE  TRANSLATION  SOCIETY  (1840) :  Headquar- 
ters: 19  Fumival  street,  Holbom,  London,  E.  C,  England; 
Denomination:  Baptist;  Secretary:  Rev.  P.  G.  Scorey; 
Treasurer:  A.  H.  Baynas,  Esq.,  F.R.A.S.;  Fields:  Fields  of 
the  BMS  in  India  and  in  the  Congo  Ind.  State;  Income, 
vear  ending  April  18,  1906:  $5,611  (£1,153) ;  Expenditure: 
$5,460. 

CANADIAN  BIBLE  SOCIETY  (1905) :  Headquarters: 
102  Yonge  street,  Toronto,  Ont.;  Hon.  Gen.  Treasurer:  E. 
Rogers,  Esq.;  Gen.  Secretary:  Rev.  R.  E.  Welsh,  M.A.; 
Field:  Auxiliary  to  the  BFBS;  Organ:  The  Bible  in  the 
World. 

SCOTLAND:    NATIONAL    BIBLE    SOCIETY    OF 


180         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

(1860);  Headquarters:  224  West  George  street,  Glasgow, 
Scotland;  5  St.  Andrew  Square,  Edinburgh;  Denomination: 
Interdenominational;  Secretaries:  Wm.  J.  Slowan,  Esq., 
Glasgow;  Rev.  R.  Falconer,  Edinburgh;  Treasurer:  James 
Drunjmond,  Esq.,  58  Bath  street,  Gla.sgow;  Andrew  Scott, 
Esq.,  2  York  Buildings,  Edinburgh;  Fields:  Scotland,  Ro- 
man Catholic  countries  in  Europe,  Germany,  Turkey,  India, 
China,  Japan,  Korea,  Algeria,  British  Central  Africa, 
Lower  Nigeria,  Brazil,  Canada,  Cape  Colony,  Australia, 
New  Zealand ;  Income ,  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1905 :  $131,921 
(£27,108);  Expenditure:  $156,506.64  (£32,160);  Organ: 
Record;  General  Notes:  The  issues  of  the  Society  in 
1905  amounted  to  96,894  Bibles,  169,146  New  Testaments, 
and  1,324,841  Portions,  making  the  aggregate  1,590,881  is- 
sues. The  net  gain  over  the  issues  of  1903  is  394,145 
copies.  There  were  remarkable  gains  during  1905  in  the 
number  of  Scriptures  circulated  in  China  and  Korea.  The 
Society  has  added  to  its  list  of  versions  the  Tonga  (Central 
Africa)  and  Meaun  and  Sinesip  (New  Zealand). 

NETHERLANDS  BIBLE  SOCIETY  (1814):  Head- 
quarters: Amsterdam,  Holland;  Denomination:  Interde- 
nominaitional ;  Secretary:  Rev.  C.  F.  Gronemeijer,  Vossius- 
straat  15,  Amsterdam,  Holland;  Field:  Holland  and  its 
colonies;  General  Notes:  The  issues  of  the  Society  in  the 
year  ending  April  30,  1903,  amounted  to  57,573  copies. 

OTAGO  BIBLE  SOCIETY:  Headquarters:  Dunedin, 
New  Zealand;  Field:  The  territory  south  of  WaitaM 
River,  South  Island,  N.  Z. ;  General  Notes:  This  Society 
carries  on  an  independent  work  and  also  contributes  to  the 
funds  of  the  BFBS  and  of  the  National  Bible  Society  of 
Scotland. 

GENERAL  LITERATURE 

AMERICAN  TRACT  SOCIETY  (1825):  Headquar- 
ters: 150  Nassau  street.  New  York;  Denomination:  Inter- 
denominational ;  Secretaries :  Rev.  G.  W.  Shearer,  Rev.  John 
H.  Kerr,  Rev.  Wm.  W.  Rand;  Assistant  Treasurer:  Louis 
Tag;  Field:    United    States,    France,   Switzerland,  Italy, 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         181 

Bohemia,  Turkey,  Persia,  Kameruns,  India,  China,  Korea, 
Japan;  Income,  year  ending  April  1,  1904:  $374,978.69; 
Expenditure:  $380,889.13;  Organ:  American  Messenger, 
Good  Cheer  (monthly).  Apples  of  Gold  (weekly);  in  Ger- 
man, Amerikanischer  Botsehafter  (monthly),  Deutscher 
Volksfreund  (weekly) ;  in  Spanish,  Mazanas  d'Oro  (week- 
ly);  General  Notes:  The  work  of  the  Society  at  home  is 
shaped  by  the  growing  need  of  fresh  literature  of  spiritual 
stimulus  for  the  people  at  large,  and  of  attractive  forms  of 
simple  Christian  teaching  for  the  many-tongued  immigrants 
who  swarm  on  the  docks  and  the  streets  of  our  cities. 
Abroad,  its  work  takes  form  through  the  discovery  by  mis- 
sionaries that  a  printed  book  or  leaflet  goes  farther  and 
speaks  more  persistently  than  a  man  can  do.  The  devotional 
and  evangelistic  section  of  the  Society's  publications  is 
large.  But  its  works  of  exposition,  of  apologetics,  of  bi- 
ography, and  of  literature  for  the  home  circle  are  also  im- 
portant and  valuable.  The  total  issues  of  the  Society  since 
its  foundation  amount  to  33,020,625  volumes,  450,451,810 
tracts,  and  267,309,068  periodicals.  A  large  percentage  of 
its  publications  are  found  in  the  Spanish  language,  which 
gives  them  entrance  to  a  great  territory,  including  South 
America,  Central  America,  Mexico,  Cuba,  Porto  Rico  and 
the  Philippines.  The  grants  of  the  Society  to  Foreign  Mis- 
sions amount  to  about  $4,000  per  year. 

MOODY  BIBLE  INSTITUTE  COLPORTAGE  AS- 
SOCIATION (1894)  :  Headquarters:  250  La  Salle  avenue, 
Chicago,  111. ;  Sup't  and  Editor:  Mr.  A.  P.  Fitt;  Treasurer: 
A.  F.  Gaylord;  Denomination:  Interdenominational;  Gen- 
eral Notes:  Founded  by  Mr.  D.  L.  Moody,  the  aim  of  the 
Association  is  to  oppose  the  flood  of  \'icious  literature  by 
pure  and  helpful  literature  at  a  low  price,  and  to  carry 
the  Gospel  where  Church  privileges  are  lacking.  Over 
4,000,000  copies  of  the  Moody  Library  have  been  published. 

CHRISTIAN  KNOWLEDGE,  Society  for  Promoting 
(1698):  Headquarters:  Northimiberland  avenue,  London, 
W.  C,  England;  Denomination:  Church  of  England;  Sec- 


182  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

retaries:  Rev.  W.  0.  B.  Allen,  M.A.,  Rev.  Edmund  Mc- 
Clure;  Treasurers:  W.  H.  Clay,  Esq.,  Hon.  Alan  Gibbs, 
D.  Howard,  Esq.,  the  Bishop  of  Isling-ton  (the  Treas- 
urers are  also  the  incorporated  Trustees);  Field:  The 
United  Kingdom,  the  British  Colonies,  and  Mission  Fields 
of  the  Church  of  England;  Income,  year  ending  March  31, 
1906:  $277,784.94  (£57,903);  Expenditure:  $226,438.24 
(£46,530);  General  Notes:  The  foreign  mission  work  of 
the  Society  includes  the  endowment  of  bishoprics  of  which 
it  has  helped  upward  of  65  at  a  cost  of  much  more  than 
$580,000  (£120,000),  and  aiding  the  church  establishment 
in  various  mission  fields,  educational  enterprises,  Medical 
Missions,  and  the  publication  of  books  and  tracts  in  more 
than  a  hundred  languages  and  dialects. 

RELIGIOUS  TRACT  SOCIETY  (1799)  :  Headquarters: 
65  St.  PauFs  Churchyard,  London,  E.  C,  England;  De- 
nomination: Interdenominational;  Hon.  Secretaries:  Rev. 
Canon  Fleming,  B.D.;  Rev.  J.  Monro  Gibson,  D.D. ;  Sec- 
retaries: Rev.  A.  R.  Buckland,  M.A.;  James  Bowden,  Esq.; 
Assistant  Secretary:  Rev.  C.  H.  Irwin,  M.A.;  Treasurer: 
W.  F.  A.  Archibald,  Esq.;  Field:  Great  Britain  and  Ire- 
land, France,  Belgium,  Switzerland,  Italy,  Spain,  Portugal, 
Germany,  Holland,  Denmark,  Sweden,  Norway,  Russia, 
Greece,  Austria-Hungary,  Bohemia,  Turkey,  India,  China, 
Japan,  Philippine  Islands,  Africa,  America,  Australasia, 
Polynesia;  Missionary  Income,  year  ending  March  31, 
1906:  $95,436.86  (£19,574);  Expenditure:  $97,401.46 
(£19,974);  General  Notes:  The  Society  reports  542  new 
publications  during  the  year.  Including  cards  and  peri- 
odicals, the  total  publications  issued  were  26,644,080  (10,- 
640,000  were  tracts).  The  Society  has  its  representatives  in 
the  form  of  money  or  of  material  in  the  Christian  work  of 
all  the  great  mission  fields. 

CHINA:  CHRISTIAN  LITERATURE  SOCIETY 
FOR,  formerly  Society  for  the  Diffusion  of  Christian  and 
General  Knowledge  among  the  Chinese  (1887) :  Headquar- 
ters:   Shanghai,    China;    Denomination:    Interdenomina- 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         183 

tional;  Secretary:  Rev.  Timothy  Richard,  44  Boone  road, 
Shanghai,  China;  Treasurer:  H.  W.  Brazier,  Esq.;  Field: 
China;  Income:  About  $30,000  (Mex.) ;  Expenditure: 
$30,000  (Mex.)  for  publication  work,  the  Missionary  edi- 
tors being  supported  by  their  respective  missions;  Organ: 
Review  of  the  Times;  Chinese  Weekly;  Chinese  Christian 
Review.  London  Committee:  Headquarters:  London;  Secre- 
tary :  Mr.  A.  Kenmure,  Foreign  Missions  Club,  151  Highbury 
New  Park,  London,  N. ;  Treasurer:  A.  M.  Townsend,  Esq., 
Hong  Kong  and  Shanghai  Bank,  31  Lombard  street,  Lon- 
don, E.  C;  Income,  year  ending  March  31,  1906:  $5,995 
(£1,199) ;  Organ:  China,  quarterly. 

CHRISTIAN  LITERATURE  SOCIETY  FOR  INDIA: 
Headquarters:  9  Duke  street,  Adelphi,  London,  W.  C; 
Secretary:  Rev.  George  Patterson;  General  Notes:  The 
Society  is  the  representative  of  the  Christian  Literature  So- 
ciety in  India,  which  has  been  long  directed  by  Dr.  John 
Murdock,  and  has  done  much  through  its  various  branches 
to  educate  and  to  provide  with  healthful,  stimulating  books 
the  young  people  of  different  parts  of  India  and  Ceylon. 

VARIOUS  SPECIAL  ORGANIZATIONS 

THE  SALVATION  ARMY  (1865)  :  International  Head- 
quarters: 101  Queen  Victoria  street,  London,  E.  C,  Eng.; 
Denomination:  Interdenominational;  General:  William 
Booth;  Chief  of  Staff:  William  Bramwell  Booth;  Fields: 
Great  Britain  and  Ireland;  Denmark,  Finland,  France, 
Germany,  The  Netherlands,  Norway,  Sweden,  Switzerland, 
Australia,  New  Zealand,  Malaysia,  Japan,  India,  Ceylon, 
South  Africa,  Canada,  West  Indies,  United  States,  Ar- 
gentina; General  Notes:  The  number  of  officers  and  cadets 
is  14,439;  local  officers,  44,489;  Bandsmen,  18,737;  Corps 
and  outposts  or  Stations,  7,085;  Social  Institutions,  736; 
Schools,  485;  Periodicals,  66.  This  body  is  a  force  of  men 
and  women  brought  together  by  love  to  God  and  man  for 
publishing  His  salvation  to  the  whole  world,  and  for  ame- 
liorating the  condition  of  the  outcast  and  the  fallen.     Its 


184         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

underlying  principles  are  help  for  the  worst,  work  for  the 
willing,  a  chance  for  all  with  change  of  circiunstances  and 
ultimate  physical,  social  and  moral  regeneration. 

The  headquarters  for  the  United  States  are  at  120-124 
West  Fourteenth  street.  New  York;  and  the  territorial  com- 
mander is  Evangeline  Booth. 

STUDENT  VOLUNTEER  MOVEMENT  (1888)  :  Head- 
quarters: 3  West  Twenty-ninth  street.  New  York;  Denomi- 
nation: Undenominational;  Secretary:  F.  P.  Turner;  Field: 
The  colleges  and  universities  of  the  United  States;  General 
Notes:  The  work  of  this  organization  among  the  colleges 
and  universities  results  not  merely  in  increasing  intelligent 
sympathy  with  missions,  but  also  in  a  permanent  deepening 
of  spiritual  life.  It  has  been  (Dec.  31,  1904)  the  instru- 
ment of  directing  to  the  foreign  missionai-y  field  2,500 
young  people  under  different  societies. 

UNITED  SOCIETY  FOR  CHRISTIAN  ENDEAVOR 
(1885);  Headquarters:  Tremont  Temple,  Boston,  Mass.; 
Denomination :  Interdenominational ;  General  Secretary : 
Von  Ogden  Vogt;  Treasurer:  William  Shaw;  Field:  United 
States,  Europe  and  all  Missionary  lands;  General  Notes: 
The  CE  has  about  05,000  Societies  connected  with  it  in  all 
parts  of  the  world,  and  a  membership  of  about  3,900,000; 
Organ:  Christian  Endeavor  World. 

YOUNG  PEOPLE'S  MISSIONARY  MOVEMENT: 
Headquarters:  156  Fifth  avenue.  New  York;  Denomina- 
tion: Interdenominational;  Secretary:  Mr.  Charles  V. 
Vickrey;  Field:  The  United  States;  General  Notes:  This 
organization,  composed  of  representatives  of  15  or  more 
missionary  societies,  has  attained  remarkable  success  in 
fostering  an  intelligent  study  of  missions,  home  and  foreign, 
among  the  young  people.  It  works  by  means  of  literature 
carefully  prepared  and  selected,  and  issued  through  the 
denominational  publishing  agencies;  by  public  meetings, 
and  especially  by  conventions  of  the  leaders  of  Young 
People^s  Societies  held  in  different  parts  of  the  country. 

YOUNG  MEN^S  CHRISTIAN  ASSOCIATION;  Inter- 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         185 

national  Committee  of  the  (1889)  :  Headquarters :  3  West 
Twenty-ninth  street,  New  York;  Denomination:  Undenomi- 
national; Secretaries:  John  R.  Mott,  H.  P.  Andersen; 
Treasurer:  Frederick  B.  Sehenck;  Field:  The  Committee 
is  the  executive  of  the  Associations  of  North  America;  Or- 
gan: Foreign  Mail;  General  Notes:  The  aim  of  the  For- 
eign Department  is  to  transplant  the  principles  of  the  As- 
sociation to  non-Christian  countries.  AssociatioiLs  are  or- 
ganized among  students,  among  railway  men,  among 
soldiers  and  other  classes.  A  secretary  is  sent  to  the  field 
only  at  the  call  of  the  representatives  of  missionary  so- 
cieties in  that  field.  At  the  present  time  there  are  about 
300  Associations  in  non-Christian  countries.  At  the  be- 
ginning of  1906  there  were  50  Association  secretaries 
located  in  11  different  countries.  Among  the  most  im- 
portant events  of  recent  montlis  are  the  continuation  of  the 
work  of  the  Japanese  Associations  among  the  soldiers  in 
Manchuria;  the  advance  in  Bible  study;  the  inauguration 
of  work  among  railway  employees  in  India ;  and  the  sub- 
scribing of  $200,000  for  the  erection  of  buildings  in  various 
lands;  and  the  inauguration  of  a  forward  movement  in 
South  America. 

YOUNG  WOMEN'S  CHRISTIAN  ASSOCIATION: 
World's  Headquarters:  25  and  26  George  street,  Hanover 
Square,  London,  W.,  England;  Denomination:  Interdenomi- 
national; General  Secretary:  Miss  Clarissa  Spencer;  Cor- 
responding Secretary:  Miss  Ethel  Stevenson;  Treasurer: 
Miss  Morley;  National  Headquarters:  Canada,  23  St. 
George's  street,  Toronto,  Ontario;  Secretary:  Miss  L.  Bur- 
gess; France,  Privas  Ardeche;  Secretary:  Mile.  Rourin; 
Germany,  Berlin,  N.  4,  Tieckstrasse  17;  Secretary:  Friiulein 
Gertrud  Muller;  Italy,  Turin;  Secretary:  Miss  E.  Meynier; 
India,  Bombay,  Y.  W.  C.  A.  Building;  Secretary:  Miss  A. 
G.  Hill;  Norway,  6  St.  Olafsgade,  Christiania;  Sweden, 
46  Malmkilnadsgatan,  Stockholm. 

YOUNG  WOMEN'S  CHRISTIAN  ASSOCIATION, 
American  Department    (1894):  Headquarters:   289  Fourth 


186  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

avenue,  New  York;  and  Hartford  Building,  Chicago,  111.; 
Denomination:  Interdenominational;  Secretary:  Chicago, 
Miss  Mabel  Cratty;  New  York,  vacant;  Treasurer  (Act- 
ing) :  Miss  Maude  Daeniker,  New  York  City;  Field:  The 
World's  Y.  W.  C.  A.  Association  includes  this  as  one  of 
its  departments;  Organ:  The  Evangel. 

CONFERENCES  OF    THE    FOREIGN  MISSIONARY 
SOCIETIES 

BRITISH  MISSIONARY  SOCIETIES:  Secretaries 
Association  of  the :  This  Association  is  composed  of  official 
delegates  from  a  number  of  missionary  societies  in  Great 
Britain  and  Ireland,  and  affords  a  valuable  means  of  con- 
sultation upon  questions  of  general  missionary  policy  and 
special   interests  affecting  the  societies. 

The  Secretary  of  the  Association  is  the  Rev.  John  H. 
Ritson,  146  Queen  Victoria  street,  London,  E.  C. 

GERMAN  EVANGELICAL  MISSIONARY  SO- 
CIETIES: Committee  of  the  (Ausschuss  der  Deutschen 
Evangelischen  Missionsgesellschaften) ;  The  German  mis- 
sionary societies  (the  Basel  Society  included)  elect  each 
year  a  committee  of  five  members,  which  meets  whenever 
necessary  at  the  call  of  the  secretary.  The  Conmaittee  has 
advisory  functions  when  requested  by  any  society  to  discuss 
questions  that  affect  the  interests  of  all  the  missionary  so- 
cieties. It  also  represents  the  whole  group  of  societies, 
when  necessary,  in  their  relations  with  the  Government, 
thus  avoiding  any  annoyances  that  might  arise  were  each 
one  of  the  Societies  to  approach  the  Government  separately 
upon  every  question  of  general  importance.  The  Com- 
mittee has  rendered  the  Societies  valuable  service.  The 
members  of  the  Committee  for  1905  were:  Bishop  Dr. 
Buchner  of  the  Moravian  Missions,  Dr.  Oehler  of  the  Basel 
Missionary  Society,  Rev.  Hausleiter  of  the  Rhenish  Mis- 
sionary Society,  Dr.  von  Schwartz  of  the  Leipzig  Mission- 
ary Society,  Dr.  Merenski  of  the  Berlin  Missionary  So^ 
ciety.  


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         187 

^  MISSION  BOARDS  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES  AND 
CANADA:  Annual  Conference  of;  Secretary:  Mr.  W.  H. 
Grant,  156  Fifth  avenue,  New  York. 

This  Annual  Conference  is  composed  of  the  executive  of- 
ficers and  membei-s  of  the  Foreign  Mission  Boards.  Its  ob- 
ject is  the  discussion  of  questions  of  administration  in  For- 
eign Missions,  and  the  value  of  such  discussion  is  very 
great.  The  program  of  the  Thirteenth  Annual  Conference, 
held  in  Nashville,  Tenn.,  Feb.  27  and  28,  1906,  may  convey 
some  idea  of  the  scope  of  these  conferences,  as  follows: 
Shall  there  be  one  Protestant  Church  in  Korea?;  Anglo- 
American  Communities  on  Mission  Fields;  Spiritual  Move- 
ments and  Needs  in  Russia;  Church  Union  in  Canada; 
Necessary  decrease  of  American  Missionaries  as  native 
Ministers  increase;  Conditions  on  the  Congo;  Missionary 
Periodicals;  the  Church  Missionary  Society  and  the  co- 
operation of  its  constituency;  an  Interdenominational  Mis- 
sionary Month,  for  annual  stimulus  of  missionary  interest 
at  home;  the  Layman  in  the  Evangelization  of  the  World. 
The  different  societies  of  different  religious  denominations 
attend  these  conferences  year  after  year,  but  there  is  no 
permanent  organization  aside  from  the  Committee  of  Ar- 
rangements chosen  each  year  to  organize  the  next  Confer- 
ence. The  next  meeting  is  appointed  to  be  at  Philadelphia, 
January  9  and  10,  1907. 

THE  INTERNATIONAL  MISSIONARY  UNION 
(1883)  :  This  Missionary  Union  is  composed  of  returned 
missionaries  of  all  denominations,  and  holds  an  annual  con- 
vention in  June  of  each  year  at  Clifton  Springs,  N.  Y.,  for 
the  discussion  of  Foreign  Missions,  their  condition,  prog- 
ress, and  needs.  The  secretary  is  Rev.  H.  A.  Crane, 
Canisteo,  N.  Y. 

WOMEN'S  COMMITTEES  FOR  THE  UNITED 
STUDY  OF   MISSIONS 

CENTRAL  COMMITTEE  ON  THE  UNITED  STUDY 
OF  MISSIONS:  Chairman:  Mrs.  N.  M.  Waterbury,  Ford 


188  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Building,  Boston;  Secretary:  Miss  C.  Butler,  Newton  Centre, 
Mass.  The  Committee  has  secured  the  publication  and  the 
circulation  of  over  250,000  copies  of  six  books  on  Foreign 
Mission  Fields,  which  have  been  used  in  study  classes  of 
many  denominations. 

INTERDENOMINATIONAL  COMMITTEE  FOR 
HOME  MISSION  STUDY:  President:  Miss  M.  Helm, 
Nashville,  Tenn. ;  Secretary  and  Treasurer:  Miss  A.  M. 
Guernsey,  17  Webster  Place,  East  Orange,  N.  J.  The 
Home  Mission  Studies  prepared  under  the  auspices  of  the 
Committee  have  met  with  a  wide  approval  in  many  denomi- 
nations, uniting  the  Home  missionary  women  upon  one 
common  line  of  study  and  thought. 


BUREAU  OF  MISSIONS 

The  Bureau  of  Missions  was  organized  to  preserve  and 
develop  the  missionary  exhibit  and  library  gathered  at  the 
time  of  the  Ecumenical  Conference  on  Foreign  Missions  of 
1900.  Later  its  scope  was  enlarged  to  include  the  distribu- 
tion of  missionary  information. 

The  trustees  of  the  Bureau  include  representatives  of 
different  denominations,  and  its  ad\dsory  board,  made  up  of 
missionary  specialists,  is  also  broadly  interdenominational 
in  character. 

Thus  constituted,  the  Bureau  is  incorporated  under  the 
laws  of  the  State  of  New  York.  It  was  formally  appointed 
by  the  Executive  Committee  of  the  Ecumenical  Conference 
to  take  charge  of  and  hold  in  trust  the  archives,  reports,  and 
other  property  of  the  Ecumenical  Conference.  This  action 
was  formally  confirmed  and  approved  by  the  foreign  mis- 
sionary societies  of  the  United  States  and  Canada  at  the  con- 
ference of  their  officers,  held  in  Toronto,  in  February,  1902, 
the  conference  voting  also  to  commend  the  Bureau  to  the 
co-operation  of  the  several  boards  and  of  all  interested  in 
the  purposes  of  such  an  organization. 

Headquarters  and  Library,  Room  81,  Bible  House,  New 
York. 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 


189 


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MISSIONARY    OPERATIONS    IN    EUROPE    OF   AMER- 
ICAN   SOCIETIES    MENTIONED    IN 
THE    ABOVE    TABLE 


S  r 

.  B 

fe 

i 

1* 

11 
II 

If 

.2 

1 

1 

3 

ll 

31 
■|.l 

ll 

'1 

3 

American  Baptist  Missionary  Union* 

9 

107 

1,197 

13 

13 

126 

1,117 

35,263 

44,675 

113 

255 

187 

2  577 

Sweden 

835 

586 

2.508 
1 

Spain.    . 

3 

3 

103 

163 

1,114 
95 

24  132 

Finland 

13 

28 

1.557 

Denmark 

40 

29 

168 

3  987 

16 

39 

179 

3  061 

Total 

1.290 

1,057 

6.965 

115.102 

American  Bd.  Com.  for  For.  Miss.f. 
Spain 

6 
4 

28 
38 

17 
24 

30 

246 

338 

1,647 

Total 

10 

66 

41 

27(; 

1.98.5 

Foreign  Christian  Miss.  Unionf 

England  .. 

16 
11 

5 

19 
25 

36 

1.137 
2  407 

Scandinavia 

Total 

27 

5 

44 

36 

3.544 

Methodist  Episcopal  Miss.  Societyf . 

Germany 

Switzerland 

Norway 

Sweden 

Denmark 

2 
9 

359 
69 
112 
258 
44 
35 
88 

150 
57 
50 

137 
26 
10 
12 

1 

{ 

3 

20 

5 

22 
3 

7 
382 

22,193 
9.114 
6.308 

17.082 
3,523 
1,210 

Italyt 

3,374 

Total 

11 

975 

442 

8 

439 

62,804 

United  Brethren  Missionary  Board. 
Evangelical  Association 


No    detaile  d  stati  sties  I  give  in 


*  Not  included  in  the  foregoing  tables. 

t  Included  in  the  foregoing  tables. 

X  Including  women  of  the  W.  F.  M-  Society. 


PART   III 
MISCELLANEOUS  NOTES 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         201i 

ABBREVIATIONS    REPRESENTING    THE    NAMES 
OF   MISSIONARY   SOCIETIES 

Note. — The  advantage  of  haying  a  table  of  abbreviations  used  for  this 
purpose  in  standard  books  now  in  circulation  will  be  appreciated  by  all 
Anglo-Saxons  who  read  or  write  on  Missions.  The  abbreviations  given 
below  closely  follow  the  lists  found  in  Beach's  Atlas  of  Protestant  Missions 
and  in  the  Encyclopedia  of  Missions.  In  some  cases  it  has  seemed  wise 
to  shorten  the  form  found  in  those  books,  and  an  effort  has  been  made  to 
give  a  special  form  to  abbreviations  representing  names  in  other  languages 
than  the  English. 

AA. — American  Advent  Missionary  Society. 

ABCFM.— American   Board  of  Commissioners   for   Foreign 

Missions. 
ABH. — American  Baptist  Home  Mission  Society. 
ABHW. — Woman's  Baptist  Home  Mission  Society. 
ABFW. — Women's  Baptist  Foreign  Missionary  Society. 
ABMU. — American  Baptist  Missionary  Union. 
ABS. — American  Bible  Society. 
ACM. — American  Church  Missionary  Society. 
AFFM. — American  Friends'  Board  of  Foreign  Missions. 
AIM. — Africa  Inland  Mission. 
Allg.P. — German  General  Evangelical  Protestant  Missionary 

Societjr. 
AMA. — American  Missionary  Association. 
AME. — Home  and  Foreign  Missionary  Society  of  the  African 

Methodist  Episcopal  Church. 
AMZ. — Home  and  Foreign  Missionary  Society  of  the  African 

Methodist  Episcopal  Zion  Church. 
ARA. — American  Ramabai  Association. 
ARP. — Associate  Reformed  Presbyterian  Synod  of  the  South. 
ASF. — American  Seamen's  Friend  Society. 
ATS. — American  Tract  Society. 
AWM. — Australasian  Methodist  Missionary  Society. 
B. — Basel  Evangelical  Missionary  Society. 
BC. — Bible  Christian  Home  and  Foreign  Missionary  Society. 
BE. — Bengal  Evangelistic  Mission. 
BFBS. — British  and  Foreign  Bible  Society. 
BMG. — Balaghat  Mission  to  the  Gonds. 
BMJ. — Barbican  Mission  to  the  Jews. 
BMP. — Foreign  Missions  of  the  Baptist  Convention  of  the 

Maritime  Provinces   (Canada). 
BMS. — Baptist  Missionary  Society. 
Bn. — Berlin  Evangelical  Foreign  Missionary  Society  (Berlin 

I.  in  German  Reports). 
Bn.CW. — BerUn  Women's  Society  for  China. 
BOQ. — Foreign  Missions  of  the  Baptist  Convention  of  Ontario 

and  Quebep. 


202         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Brek. — Breklum  (or  Schleswig-Holstein)  Evangelical  Luth- 
eran Missionary  Society. 

BSJ. — British  Society  for  the  Propagation  of  the  Gospel 
among  the  Jews. 

BSM. — Bethel  Santal  Mission. 

BSS. — British  and  Foreign  Sailor's  Society. 

BTS.— Bible  Translation  Society  (Baptist). 

BUA. — British  and  Foreign  Unitarian  Association. 

BWA.— -Baptist  Union  of  Western  Australia  (Home  and  For- 
eign Missions). 

BZM. — Baptist  Zenana  Mission  (cooperating  with  BMS). 

CA. — Christian  and  Missionary  Alliance  (New  York). 

CAM. — Central  American  Mission  (U.  S.  A.). 

CC. — Missions  of  the  Christian  Church  (U.  S.  A.). 

CEC. — Church  of  England  in  Canada  Foreign  Missions  So- 
ciety. 

CEZ. — Church  of  England  Zenana  Missionary  Society, 

CG. — Board  of  Missions  of  the  General  Eldership  of  the 
Churches  of  God. 

CIM. — China  Inland  Mission. 

CFM. — Congregational  Foreign  Missionary  Society  of  Canada. 

CLC. — Christian  Literature  Society  for  China  (Society  for  the 
Diffusion  of  Christian  and  General  Knowledge  among 
the  Chinese). 

CLI. — Christian  Literature  Society  for  India. 

CMR. — Central  Morocco  Mission. 

CMS. — Church  Missionary  Society. 

CSF. — Church  of  Scotland  Foreign  Missionary  Committee. 

CSJ. — Church  of  Scotland  Conversion  of  the  Jews  Committee. 

CSW. — Church  of  Scotland  Women's  Foreign  Missionary 
Association. 

CWBM. — Christian  (Disciples)  Woman's  Board  of  Missions. 

DB. — Danish  Bible  Society. 

DanL. — Loventhal's  Missions. 

DK. — Deaconesses  Institute  at  Kaisers werth. 

DM. — Danish  Missionary  Society. 

EA. — Missionary  Society  of  the  Evangelical  Association. 

ECS. — Missions  of  the  Episcopal  Church  in  Scotland. 

EGM. — Egypt  General  Mission. 

ELGC. — Missions  of  the  General  Council  of  the  Evangelical 
Lutheran  Church  in  North  America. 

ELGS. — Missions  of  the  General  Synod  of  the  Evangelical 
Lutheran  Church  in  North  America. 

ELUS. — Missions  of  the  EvangeHcal  Lutheran  United  Synod 
of  the  South. 

EMM. — Edinburgh  Medical  Missionary  Society. 

Erm. — Ermelo  Missionary  Society  (Holland). 

FCMS. — Foreign  Christian  (Disciples)  Missionary  Society. 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  190,7         203 

FB. — Missions  of  the  General  Conferenct  of  Free  Baptists. 
FCA. — Missions  of  the  Federated  Churches  of  Australia  and 

Tasmania. 
FEM. — Figueras  Evangelistic  Mission. 
FFMA. — Friends'  Foreign  Mission  Association  (England). 
Finn. — Finnish  Missionary  Society,  Helsingfors. 
FM. — Furreedpore  Mission  (Australia). 
FMA. — Missionary  Board  of  the  Free  Methodist  Church  in 

North  America. 
Fr.J. — French  Society  for  the  Evangelization  of  the  Jews. 
Fr.K. — French  Protestant  Mission  among  the  Kabyles. 
Fr.MP. — McAU  Mission  Populaire  in  France. 
GBB. — General  Missionary  and  Tract  Committee  of  the  Ger- 
man Baptist  Brethren  (Dunkers). 
Ger.B. — Missionary  Society  of  the  German  Baptists  in  Berlin. 
GEL. — Missions  of  the  German  Evangelical  Synod  of  Missouri, 

Ohio,  and  other  States. 
Ger.EA. — Evangelical  Missionary  Society  for  German  East 

Africa  (indicated  in  German  by  the  name  "Berlin  III"). 
GES. — Missions  of  the   German  Evangelical   Synod  cl  the 

United  States. 
GMU. — Gospel  Missionary  Union  (U.  S.). 
Goss. — Gossner's  Missionary  Society  ("Berlin  II"). 
Han.FC. — Missions  of  the  Evangelical  Lutheran  Free  Church 

of  Hanover. 
HEA. — Hawaiian  Evangelical  Association. 
Herm. — Hermannsburg   Evangelical   Lutheran   Institute  of 

Missions. 
HFM.— Hephzibah  Faith  Mission  (U.  S). 
Hild. — Hildesheim  Mission  to  the  Chinese  Blind. 
HSK— Hauges  Synod  China  Mission  (U.  S.). 
IMA. — International    Medical    Missionary    and    Benevolent 

Association  (SDA). 
IMJ. — Irish  Mission  Association  to  the  Jews. 
JB. — Jamaica  Baptist  Missionary  Union. 
JEM. — Jerusalem  and  the  East  Medical  Mission. 
Jer.U. — Jerusalem  Union  (Germany.) 
J  MM. — Jaffa  Medical  Mission  and  Hospital. 
XIM. — Kurku  and  Central  Indian  Hill  Mission. 
Leip. — Leipzig  Evangelical  Lutheran  Missionary  Society. 
LF. — Lutheran  Free  Church  Board  of  Missions  (U.  S.). 
LMS. — London  Missionary  Society. 
LSJ. — London   Society   for   the   Promotion   of  Christianity 

among  the  Jews. 
MB. — Mennonite  Evangelizing  and  Benevolent  Board. 
MCC. — Missionary  Society  of  the  Methodist  Church  in  Canada. 
]yiQW, — Woman's  Missionary  Society  of  th«  Methodist  Church 

in  Canada. 


204         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

ME. — Foreign  Missionary  Society  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal 
Church  in  U.  S. 

MES. — Foreign  Missionary  Committee  of  the  Methodist  Epis- 
copal Church  in  the  U.  S.  (South). 

MGC. — Missions  of  the  Mennonite  General  Conference. 

MLI. — Mission  to  Lepers  in  India  and  the  East. 

MM. — Melanesian  Mission. 

MMI. — Mildmay  Missionary  Institute. 

MMIJ. — Mildmay  Mission  to  the  Jews. 

MNC. — Methodist  New  Connection  Missionary  Society. 

Mor. — Moravian  Missions  {Bruder  Unitat). 

MP. — Board  of  Missions  of  the  Methodist  Protestant  Church. 

MR. — Mission  of  the  Free  Churches  of  French  Switzerland 
{Mission  Romande). 

NAM. — North  Africa  Mission. 

NBC. — Foreign  Mission  Committee  of  the  National  Baptist 
Convention  of  America. 

NBS. — National  Bible  Society  of  Scotland. 

N.Det. — Neuendettelsau  Missionary  Society. 

Neuk. — Neukirchen  Missionary  Institute. 

Neth. — Netherlands  Missionary  Society  (Zendelinggenoctschap). 

Neth.B. — Netherlands  Bible  Society  (Bijbelgenootschap) . 

Neth.D. — Netherlands  Mennonite  Union  for  Missions  in  the 
Dutch  East  Indies  {Doopgezinde  vereeniging). 

Neth.L. — Netherlands  Lutheran  Society  for  Home  and  For- 
eign Missions  {Luther skegenootschap). 

Neth.R. — Mission  of  the  Reformed  Church  in  the  Nether- 
lands to  Heathen  and  Mohammedans  {Zending  van 
der  Geref.  Kerken). 

Neth.SM. — Netherlands  State  Missions  (supported  by  Gov- 
ernment in  Dutch  East  Indies). 

Neth.  ST. — Committee  for  Missions  in  the  Sangir  and  Talaut 
Islands. 

Neth.U. — Netherlands  Missionary  Union  {Z ending svereen- 
iging). 

NHM. — New  Hebrides  Mission  Synod. 

Nor. — Norwegian  Missionary  Society  {Norske  Missions- 
selskab). 

Nordd. — North  German  Missionary  Society. 

NZB. — New  Zealand  Baptist  Missionary  Society. 

NZP. — New  Zealand  Presbyterian  Missions. 

p. — Paris  Evangelical  Missions  Society. 

PB. — Christian  Missions  (commonly  called  "the  Brethren"). 

PCC. — Foreign  Missions  Committee  of  the  Presbyterian 
Church  in  Canada. 

PCE. — Foreign  Missions  Committee  of  the  Presbyterian 
Churpb  of  England. 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         205 

PCI. — Foreign  Missions  Committee  of  the  Presbyterian 
Church  in  Ireland. 

FE. — Domestic  and  Foreign  Missionary  Society  of  the  Prot- 
estant Episcopal  Church  in  the  U.  S. 

PIV. — Poona  and  Indian  Village  Mission. 

PLN. — Palestine  and  Lebanon  Nurses  Mission. 

PM. — Primitive  Methodist  Missionary  Society. 

PN. — Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  Presbyterian  Church 
in  the  U.  S.  (North). 

PNH. — Board  of  Home  Missions  of  the  Presbyterian  Church 
in  the  U.  S.  (North). 

PS. — Executive  Committee  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  Pres- 
byterian Church  in  the  U.  S.  (South). 

PSH. — General  Assembly's  Home  Missions,  Presbyterian 
Church  in  the  U.  S.  (South). 

QB. — Queensland  Baptist  Foreign  Missionary  Society. 

QIM. — Qua  Iboe  Mission. 

RBMU. — Regions  Beyond  Missionary  Union. 

RCA. — Reformed  (Dutch)  Church  in  America  Board  of  For- 
eign Missions. 

RCUS. — Reformed  (German)  Church  in  the  United  States 
Board  of  Commissioners  for  Foreign  Missions. 

RE. — Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  Reformed  Episcopal 
Church. 

Rhen. — Rhenish  Missionary  Society. 

RP. — Synod  of  the  Reformed  Presbyterian  Church  in  North 
America. 

RPS. — Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  Reformed  Presby- 
terian Church  in  North  America,  General  Synod. 

RTS.— Religious  Tract  Society  (London). 

SA. — Salvation  Army. 

SAEM. — South  American  Evangelical  Mission. 

SAGM. — South  Africa  General  Mission. 

SAMS. — South  American  Missionary  Society. 

SANA. — Scandinavian  Alliance  of  North  America. 

SBC. — Foreign  Mission  Board  of  the  Southern  Baptist  Con- 
vention. 

Schr. — Church  of  Norway  Mission  of  Bishop  Schreuder. 

SDA. — Seventh  Day  Adventist  Missions. 

SDB. — Seventh  Dav  Baptist  Missions. 

SEMC. — Swedish  Evangelical  Mission  Covenant  of  America. 

SMM. — Southern  Morocco  Mission. 

Swed. — Swedish  Church  {Kyrkans)  Missionary  Society. 

Swed.F. — Swedish  National  {Foster lands)  Missionarv  Society. 

Swed.H. — Swedish  Holiness  Union  (Helgelsefdrbundets). 

Swed.KA. — Swedish  Young  Women's  Missionary  Work 
(Kvinnliga  arbetare). 

Swed.  M.— Swedish  Missionary  Society  {Missionsforhundets). 


iW6'         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

SPCK. — Society  for  Promoting  Christian  Knowledge. 

SPG. — Society  for  the  Propagation  of  the  Gospel  in  Foreign 
Parts. 

Sud.P. — Sudan  Pioneer  Mission  of  Eisenach. 

TMS.— Tabeetha  Mission  Schools. 

UB. — Home,  Frontier,  and  Foreign  Missionary  Society  of  the 
United  Brethren  in  Christ. 

UE. — Home,  and  Frontier  Missionary  Society  of  the  United 
Evangelical  Church. 

UFS. — Foreign  Missions  Committee  of  the  United  Free 
Church  of  Scotland. 

UGC. — Universalist  General  Conventions. 

UM. — Universities  Mission  to  Central  Africa. 

UMFC. — Home  and  Foreign  Missions  of  the  United  Metho- 
dist Free  Churches. 

UN. — United  Norwegian  Lutheran  Church  in  America. 

UP. — Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  United  Presbyterian 
Church  of  North  America. 

Utr. — Utrecht  Missionary  Society. 

VBF. — Victorian  Baptist  Foreign  Missions. 

WCM. — Welsh  Calvinistic  Methodist  Board  of  Foreign  Mis- 
sions. 

WCTU. — Worid's  Woman's  Christian  Temperance  Union. 

WMCA. — Missionary  Society  of  the  Wesleyan  Methodist  Con- 
nexion in  America. 

WMS. — Wesleyan  Methodist  Missionary  Society. 

WMSA. — South  African  Wesleyan  Methodist  Missionary 
Society. 

WMSW.— Woman's  Auxilliary  of  the  WMS. 

WU. — Woman's  Union  Missionary  Society  of  America. 

YMCA. — Young  Men's  Christian  Association  of  North  Amer- 
ica, International  Committee. 

"YMF. — Young  Men's  Foreign  Mission  Society  {Ikwezi  La- 
maci)  Birmingham,  England. 

YWCA. — World's  Young  Women's  Christian  Union. 

ZBM. — Zenana  Bible  and  Medical  Missionary  Society. 

ZIM. — Zambesi  Industrial  Mission. 


CHRONOLOGICAL  TABLE  OF  SOME   IMPORTANT 

EVENTS  IN  PROTESTANT  MISSIONARY 

EXTENSION 

1517.  Commencement  of  the  Reformation,  Oct.  31. 
1535.  Erasmus  advocates  Missions. 

1542.  Francis  Xavier  in  India;  1549  in  Japan  (Roman  Catho- 
Uc). 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         207 

1579.  Matteo  Ricci  in  China  (Roman  Catholic). 

1588.  Sir  Walter  Raleigh's  donation  for  Missions  in  America. 

1602.  Dutch  East  India  Company  attempts  conversions  in 

Malaysia  and  Ceylon. 

1606.  Robert  de  Nobili,  Jesuit  Missionary  in  India. 

1622.  Roman  Propaganda  founded,  June  21st. 

1637.  Roman  Missions  suppressed  in  Japan. 

1646.  John  Eliot  missionary  to  Red  Indians. 

1648.  House  of  Commons  under  Cromwell's  auspices,   pro- 

poses to  engage  in  Missions. 

1649.  New  England  Company  founded. 

1691.  Society  for  Advancing  the  Christian  Faith,  founded  in 
England. 

1698.  British  East  India  Company's  Charter  enjoins  provi- 
sion of  chaplains. 

1698.   Society  for  Promotion  of  Christian  Knowledge  founded. 

1701.  Founding  of  the  Society  for  the  Propagation  of  the  Gos- 
pel in  Foreign  Parts. 

1705.  Tranquebar  in  South  India — Missionaries  sent  by  the 
King  of  Denmark  (Danish- Halle  Mission). 

1721.   Greenland — Mission  of  Hans  Egede. 

1732-35.  First  Moravian  Missionaries  to  West  Indies,  Green- 
land, South  America. 

1744.   David  Brainerd  among  Red  Indians. 

1750.   Schwarz  joins  Danish  Mission  in  Tranquebar,  India. 

1758.   Kiernander  in  Calcutta. 

1765.   Russian  Tartary — Moravian  Mission  at  Georgievsk. 

1765.   First  Ordination  of  a  Negro;  Philip  Quaque,  SPG. 

1792.  Carey's  Sermon  on  Missions;  Baptist  Missionary  So- 

ciety founded. 

1793.  Carey  arrives  in  Bengal,  India. 

1793.   Religious  Tract  and  Book  Society  of  Scotland  founded. 
1795.   London  Missionary  Society  founded. 

1795.  Ceylon  and  Cape  Colony  annexed  by  England. 

1796.  Edinburgh  and  Glasgow  Missionary  Societies. 

1796.  Polynesia — Tahiti  occupied  by  LMS. 

1797.  Netherlands  Missionary  Society  founded. 

1798.  Cape  Colony,  South  Africa,  entered  by  LMS. 

1799.  CMS  established,  April  12th. 
1799.  Religious  Tract  Society  founded. 

1802.  Crimean  Tartars  in  Russia  taught  by  Scottish  Mis- 
sionary Society. 

1804.  March  7th,  Idea  of  the  Bible  for  all  men  given  practical 
effect,  and  British  and  Foreign  Bible  Society  estab- 
lished. 

1804.  CMS   sends   first   missionaries   to    West   Africa,    near 

Sierra  Leone. 

1805.  Henry  Martyn  in  India. 


208         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

1806.  Ceylon — Baptist  Missionary  Society. 

1807.  China — Robert  Morrison  of  LMS  begins  his  work. 

1808.  London  Society  for  Promoting  Christianity  among  the 

Jews  founded. 

1810.  Sept.  5th.  American  Board  of  Commissioners  for  For- 
eign Missions  founded. 

1813.  Burma  entered  by  Adoniram  Judson  (for  American 
Baptist  Missionary  Union). 

1813.  ABCFM  Missionaries  arrive  at  Bombay,  India;  Mar- 
athi  Mission. 

1813.   Wesleyan  Methodist  Missionary  Society  organized. 

1813.  East  India  Company  Charter  renewed  with  Wilberforce's 

"pious  clauses"  which  allow  Missionaries  to  go  to 
India. 

1814.  Organization  of  the  American  Baptist  Missionary  Union. 
1814.   Netherlands  Bible  Society  founded. 

1814.   First  Chinese  convert  baptized  by  Robert  Morrison. 

1814.   New  Zealand  Mission,  Samuel  Marsden — CMS. 

1816.   Sierra  Leone  Mission  organized. 

1816.   American  Bible  Society  founded. 

1816.   Basel  Missionary  Seminary  opened. 

1818.   Madagascar — Mission  of  LMS  commenced. 

1818.  Revival  of  SPG. 

1819.  Missionary  Society  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church 

organized  in  the  U.  S.  A. 
1819.  Turkey  (Syria)  Missions  of  the  ABCFM. 
1819.  Siberian    Mongols — Mission    of    LMS    at    Selinginsk 

(Baikal). 

1819.  Hawaiian  Islands — Mission  of  the  ABCFM. 

1820.  Tasmania — Mission  of  the  WMS. 

1820.  Buenos  Aires — First  Protestant  service  established  by 

Mr.  Thomson,  Agent  of  BFBS.  Nov.  19. 

1821.  Missionary  Society  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church 

of  U.  S.  A.  organized. 

1821.  Bible  Christian  Missionary  Society  (England). 

1821.  Danish  Missionary  Society  formed. 

1824.  Berlin  Missionary  Society  organized. 

1824.  Methodist  Missionary  Board  organized  in  Canada. 

1824.  Paris  Evangelical  Missionary  Society  founded. 

1825.  American  Tract  Society  founded. 

1827.   Gold  Coast,  West  Africa — Mission  of  the  Basel  Society. 

1827.   Rhenish  Missionary  Society  organized. 

1829.  Cape  Colony  and  Namaqualand,  South  Africa — 
Rhenish  Society. 

1829.  Church  of  Scotland  Foreign  Missions  Committee  ap- 
pointed. 

1829.  First  Scotch  Missionaries  to  India;  Alexander  Duff  and 
John  Wilson. 


The  Blxje  Book  of  Missions  fob  1907         209 

1832.  Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  Reformed  Church  in 

America  (Dutch)  organized. 

1833.  Free  Baptist  Foreign  Missionary  Society  organixed 
1833.  Persia— Nestorian  Mission  of  ABCFM  begins. 

1833.  Ludhiana,     North    India— Mission    of    Presbyterimn 

Church  in  U.  S. 

1834.  Slavery  in  West  Indies  abolished. 

1834.  Henry  Lyman  and  Samuel  Munson  killed  in  Sumatra 

(ABCFM). 

1835.  Fiji  Islands— Mission  of  WMS. 

1836.  North  German,   Gossner  and  Leipzig  Missionary  So- 

cieties founded;  also  Kaisers werth  Deaconess  Insti- 
tute. 

1837.  Church  of  Scotland  Women's  Association  for  Foreign 

Missions  organized. 
1837.  Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  General  Synod  of  the 

Reformed  Presbyterian  Church  of  North  America 

founded. 
1837.  Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  Presbyterian  Church 

in  the  U.  S.  of  America  (North). 

1839.  John  Williams  killed  at  Erromanga,  Nov.  20. 

1840.  Welsh  Calvinistic  Methodists'  Foreign  Missions. 

1840.  Presbyterian  Church  in  Ireland  Foreign  Missions. 

1841.  David  Livingstone  in  South  Africa. 

1841.  Foreign  Mission  Board  of  the  General  Synod  of  the 
Evangelical  Lutheran  Church  in  the  United  States. 

1841.  Edinburgh  Medical  Missionary  Society,  organized. 

1842.  Borneo — Mission  of  the  Rhenish  Society. 

1842.  Primitive  Methodist  Missionary  Society  (England). 

1842.  Norwegian  Missionary  Society  founded. 

1842.  Opening  of  Chinese  Porta  after  First  Opium  War. 

1842.  Woman's  Society  for  Education  of  Women  in  the  East 

formed  in  Germany. 

1843.  Free  Church  of  Scotland  Foreign  Missions  Committee 

organized. 

1843.  Woman's  Foreign  Missionary  Society  of  the  Free  Church 

of  Scotland  founded. 

1844.  Patagonian  Missionary  Society  founded.     1864  named 

South  American  Missionary  Society. 

1844.  Presbyterian  Church  in  Canada  begins  Foreign  Mis- 

sions. 

1845.  Krapf  and  Rebmann  of  CMS  begin  East  African  ex- 

ploration (Mombasa  region). 

1845.  Foreign  Mission  Board  of  the  Southern  Baptist  Con^ 

vention  (U.  S.  A.) 

1846.  Board  of  Missions  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Chureh 

in  the  U.  S.,  South. 
1846.  Baptist  Convention  in  Canada  begins  Foreign  Miasioaa. 


210         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

1847.  Melanesia — Beginnings  of  Mission  work  in  Solomon 
Islands    ( now  Meianesian  Mission ) . 

1847.  United  Presbyterian  Church  of  Scotland  begins  Foreign 
Missions. 

1847.  Presbyterian  Church  of  England  begins  Foreign  Mis- 
sions. 

1847.  Mennonite   (of  Holland)   Missionary  Society  formed. 

1849.  Moskito  Coast  (Nicaragua)  Mission  of  Moravians  begins. 

1849.  Hermannsburg  Missionary   Society    (Germany)    formed. 

1851.  Capt.  Allen  Gardiner's  death  in  Tierra  del  Fuego. 

1852.  Punjab  Mission  of  CMS  begun. 

1852.  Zenana  Bible  and  Medical  Mission  founded  in  England. 
1852.  Micronesiai — Mission  of  ABCFM. 

1852.  Cumberland  Presbyterian  Board  of  Missions  formed. 

1853.  American    Commodore    Perry    enters    harbor    of    Yedo, 

July  8th. 

1853.  United  Brethren  in  Christ  organize  Missionary  Society. 

1854.  Egypt — Mission  of  UP  begins. 

1854.  Japan  opened  by  the  American  Treaty,  March  31st. 
1865.  Ladakh  in  the  Himalayas;   Tibetan  Mission  of  the  Mo- 
ravians. 

1855.  Java  Committee  formed  in  Holland. 

1855.  Australasian  Methodist  Missionary  Society  founded. 

1856.  Treaty  of  Paris  making  peace  between  Russia  and  Tur- 

key; permission  for  education  and  for  Bible  circula- 
tion in  Arabic  and  Turkish.     The  most  telling  blow 
ever  given  Islam. 
1856.  Reformed  Presbyterian  Synod    (N.  A.)    forms  Board  of 
Foreign  Missions. 

1856.  Swedish  National    (Fosterlands)    Missionary  Society. 

1857.  Sepoy  Mutiny  in  India;  the  country  then  coming  under 

direct  control  of  the  British  Government. 

1857.  United  Methodist  Free  Churches  begin  Missions. 

1858.  Speke  discovers  the  Victoria  Nyanza. 
1858.  Treaty  of  Tientsin  opens  interior  of  China. 
1858.  Universities  Mission  to  Central  Africa  founded. 

1858.  Netherlands  Missionary  Union  founded. 

1859.  Utrecht  Missionary  Union  founded. 

1859.  American    Missionaries     (Episcopal    and    Presbyterian) 

enter  Japan. 
1859.  Methodist  New  Connection  Missionary  Society. 

1859.  Finnish  Missionary  Society  formed. 

1860.  Woman's  Union  Missionary  Society  of  America  founded 

and  the  Eooch  of  Woman's  loork  for  woman  begins. 

1860.  National  Bible  Society  of  Scotland  formed. 

1861.  Indian  Female  N.  S.'and  I.  Society   (now  Zenana  Bible 

and  Medical  Mission). 


The  Blu^.  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         211 

1861.  Presbyterian  Church  in  U.  S.  (South)  begins  Foreign 
Missions. 

1861.  Haiti — Mission  of  the  PE  begins. 

1861.  Nyasaland  Mission  of  the  Universities  Mission  to  Cen- 
tral Africa. 

1861.  First  Protestant  Christian  converts  baptized  in  Japan. 

1862.  Sumatra — Mission  of  the  Rhenish  Missionary  Society. 

1863.  Manchuria — Mission  of  the  Scottish  United  Presbyter- 

ians. 

1864.  Zanzibar  Mission  of  Universities  Mission. 

1865.  China  Inland  Mission  organized. 
1865.   Salvation  Army  organized. 

1865.  Formosa — Mission  of  the  Presbyterian  Church  of  Eng- 
land. 

1865.  Paris  Evangelical  Missionary  Society  comes  to  the  aid 

of  LMS  in  French  Islands  of  Polynesia. 

1866.  Friends'  Foreign  Mission  Association  (England)  formed. 

1867.  General  Council  of  Evangelical  Lutherans  organized 

Foreign  Mission  Board. 

1867.  German  Evangelical  Synod  of  N.  A.  organized  Mission 

Board. 

1868.  Revolution  in  Japan;  security  for  Missions  begins. 
1870.  ABCFM  transfers   missions  in   Persia,  Syria,  and  Ga- 
boon region  to  the  PN. 

1870.  First  woman  physician  goes  to  India. 

1871.  Bishop  Patteson  killed  at  Santa  Cruz,  Melanesia. 

1871.  New  Guinea — Mission  of  LMS. 

1872.  First  Protestant  Church  organized  in  Japan. 

1873.  Removal  of  Anti-Christian  edicts  in  Japan. 

1873.   Death  of  Livingstone  rouses  England  to  care  for  Africa. 

1873.  American  Friends'  Foreign  Missionary  Board  formed. 

1874.  Swedish  Church  (Kyrkans)  Missionary  Society  founded. 

1874.  Nyasaland  Missions  of  Scotch  Presbyterian  Churches. 

1875.  Foreign     Christian     Missionary     Society     (Disciples) 

formed.     Also  Swiss  Romande  Missionary  Society. 

1876.  Uganda  Mission  of  CMS  and  Tanganyika  Mission  of 

LMS  begin. 

1876.  Chifu    Convention    further    opens    China.     Extensive 

journeys  of  CIM  men  begin. 

1877.  Breklum  Missionary  Society  (Germany)  formed. 
1877.   Rhodesia  (Barotseland)  Mission  of  Paris  Evangelical 

Missionary  Society. 

1877.  Nippon  Kirisuto  Kyokwai   (Presbyterian)    Church  of 

Christ  in  Japan  formed  Union. 

1878.  Congo    Free   State — Baptist   Missionary   Society   and 

RBMU.  ^ 

1879.  Swedish     Missionary     Society     (Missionsforbundets) 

founded. 


213         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

1879.  Roman  Catholic  Missions  in  Uganda. 

1880.  Church  of  England  Zenana  Missionary  Society  organ- 

ized. 

1881.  Reformed  Church  in  the  U.  S.  (German)  Foreign  Mis- 

sions begin. 

1881.  Epoch  of  general  attention  to  Medical  Missions  begins 

hereabouts. 

1882.  Free   Methodists  of  N.   A.    organize  Foreign   Mission 

Board.     Also  Neukirchen   (Germany)   Mission  In- 
stitute. 
1884.  Korea— Mission  of  PN. 

1884.  General  Evang.   Prot.   Missionary  Society  (Germany) 

formed. 

1885.  German  New  Guinea — Mission  of  Neuendettelsau  So- 

ciety. 

1885.  Bishop  Hannington  killed  in  Uganda  October  29th. 

1886.  Student  Volunteer  Missionary  Movement  founded  in 

America. 
1886.  Christian  Church  (U.  S.)  organizes  Missionary  Society. 
1886.  Arabia — Mission  at  Aden  of  Ion  Keith-Falconer;  now 

UFS. 
1886.   German  East  Africa  Missionary  Society  formed. 

1886.  Kumi-ai   Association  of  Congregational   Churches   in 

Japan. 

1887.  Nippon  Sei-Kokwai  (Anglican  Japanese  Church)  or- 

ganized. 

1888.  General  interdenominational  Missionary  Conference  in 

London. 

1889.  Paris  Missionary  Society  comes  to  the  aid  of  the  PN 

in  the  French  Congo. 

1890.  Arabia — Mission  at  Bahrein  (now  RCA). 

1891.  Fund  (£16,000)  raised  by  CMS  friends  for  British  East 

Africa  Company  to  save  Uganda. 

1892.  Zambesi  Industrial  Mission  founded  (England). 
1892.  Student    Volunteer    Missionary    Union    organized    in 

England. 

1894.  British  Protectorate  proclaimed  in  Uganda,  August  18th. 

1895.  China  defeated  by  Japan  in  war. 
1895.   First  woman  missionaries  for  Uganda. 

1895.  Massacre  of  R.  W.  Steward  and  others  at  Ku-cheng, 
August  1st. 

1895.  Epoch  of  general  extension  of  Industrial  Training  in 

Missions  begins  about  this  time. 

1896.  Paris  Evangelical  Missionary  Society  comes  to  the  aid 

of  the  LMS  by  taking  a  share  of   the    Madagascar 
missions  on  the  French  conquest  of  the  Island. 

1897.  Christian  and  Missionary  Alliance  formed  (U.  S.) 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         213 

1898.  British  conquest  of  Khartum;  overthrow  of  Mohamme- 

dan reactionists. 

1899.  Philippine  Islands  opened  to  Protestant  Missions. 

1899.  Treaties  recognize  Japan  as  on  a  parity  with  Western 

Powers. 

1900.  Ecumenical  Missionary  Conference  in  New  York,  April. 
1900.    United  Free  Church  of  Scotland  Foreign  Missions. 
1900.   Massacres  of   Missionaries   and   Native  Christians  in 

China. 

1900.  Siege  of  Peking  Embassies;  Missionaries  and  Chinese 

Christians  aiding  in  defence;  Japan  joins  Western 
Powers  in  the  relief  expedition. 

1901.  April   6,   James   Chalmers   and   Oliver  F.    Tompkins, 

LMS,  killed  at  Goaribari  I.,  New  Guinea. 
1904.  War  between  Russia  and  Japan. 


MISSIONARY  CONFERENCES  IN  GERMANY 

The  German  Mission  Conferences  are  working  organiza- 
tions of  an  essentially  different  kind  from  the  Missionary 
Societies.  While  these  latter  gather  at  Home  the  necessary 
means  and  powers  for  carrying  on  Mission  Work  among 
heathen  and  Mohammedans,  the  Mission  Conferences  have 
written  on  their  programme  the  work  of  stimulating  and 
encouraging  a  Missionary  spirit  at  home.  Therefore  they 
come  to  the  help  of  the  Missionary  Societies  by  cultivating 
the  soil  from  which  their  nourishment  is  derived. 

They  carry  on  an  agitation  in  behalf  of  Missions  in  ever 
widening  circles,  trying  to  increase  existing  knowledge  of 
Missions  and  to  deepen  comprehension  of  the  Missionary 
enterprise.  Most  of  them  do  not  work  for  the  interest  of 
any  single  Missionary  Society,  but  they  rather  serve  the  gen- 
eral interests  of  all  evangelical  Missions  in  Germany. 

These  Conferences  have  most  of  them  come  into  being 
within  the  last  score  of  years.  The  oldest,  which  is  in  the 
province  of  Saxony,  has  been  in  existence  since  1879.  The 
leader  of  German  Missionary  circles,  Prof.  Warneck  of  Halle, 
was  its  founder  and  has  aided  with  his  advice  at  the  founding 
of  most  of  those  subsequently  established. 

The  youngest  of  these  Conferences  is  known  as  the 
"  Lower  Rhenish  Conference,"  organized  at  Dusseldorf  in 
1904.  The  whole  number  of  the  Conferences  at  present  is 
twenty.  Their  territory  embraces  the  whole  extent  of  the 
German  Empire,  as  may  be  seen  from  the  following  list:    1; 

Note. — The  material  from  which  this  statement  is  derived  was  kindly 
furnished  by  the  Rev.  Pastor  Paul  of  Lorenzkirche  bei  StreUa,  Sazoxijr* 


214         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Province  of  Saxe  and  Anhalt;  2.  Province  of  Brandenburg. 
3.  Pomerania;  4.  Posen;  5.  East  Prussia;  6.  West  Prus- 
sia; 7.  Province  of  Silesia;  8.  Kingdom  of  Saxony;  9.  King- 
dom of  Bavaria;  10.  Brunswick;  11.  Thuringia;  12.  Hesse- 
Darmstadt;  13.  General  Evangelical  Mission  Conference  of 
Wiesbaden;  14.  Province  of  Schleswig-Holstein;  15.  Prov- 
ince of  Hesse;  16.  West  Thuringian  Conference  in  Eisenach; 
17.  East  Friesland  Conference;  18.  Horder  Mission  Confer- 
ence (Wurttemburg);  19.  Hanseatic  towns  and  Oldenburg; 
20.   Lower  Rhenish  Conference. 

In  order  to  show  the  method  in  which  these  Conferences 
work  we  may  take  as  an  example  that  of  the  Kingdom  of 
Saxony,  which  is  now  one  of  the  largest.  Every  year  it  holds 
a  public  assembly  of  the  members,  in  connection  with  which 
there  are  addresses  on  Biblical  topics  and  on  the  Theory  of 
Missions.  This  assembly  cannot  show  as  great  an  attend- 
ance as  the  annual  Conference  at  Halle,  led  by  Dr.  Warneck, 
which  might  with  propriety  be  called  the  Mission  Congress  of 
Germany;  but  for  Saxony  it  is  one  of  the  most  important 
missionary  meetings  of  the  year.  The  Conference  meets,  as 
a  rule,  at  Dresden  during  the  September  church  festivals, 
every  third  meeting  is  held  in  a  different  one  of  the  principal 
cities  of  Saxony,  the  aim  being  to  carry  the  stimulus  connected 
with  the  meeting  into  other  parts  of  the  country.  Besides 
the  principal  meetings  two  auxiliary  conferences  are  held 
every  year.  Here  one  may  find  the  smaller  circles  of  helpers 
assembled  in  order  to  discuss  new  methods.  Generally  it  is 
decided  in  these  meetings  when  and  where  the  next  Mission- 
ary Deputation-tour  shall  be  held.  After  such  a  tour  is 
decided  upon,  several  qualified  members  of  the  board  of 
directors,  probably  accompanied  by  one  of  the  Missionaries 
who  is  in  the  homeland,  will  go  forth  to  some  small  church 
district  of  the  appointed  region,  and  will  hold  meetings  for 
a  week,  each  day  at  a  different  point.  Meetings  are  arranged 
also  by  agreement  with  the  School  authorities  so  that  in  the 
lower  schools  of  town  and  country,  in  the  high  schools,  the 
colleges,  and  the  normal  schools  for  teachers,  everywhere, 
interest  in  the  missions  is  aroused. 

The  literary  work  of  the  Conference  is  also  of  importance. 
Every  year  a  Year  Book  is  published  whose  weight  lies  in  the 
practical  value  of  the  articles  contributed  to  it.  Here  pas- 
tors will  find  well  prepared  material  for  missionary  meetings, 
with  the  most  recent  statistical  tables,  a  summary  of  the 
events  of  the  year,  a  discussion  of  the  literature  of  the  year, 
together  with  post  office  addresses  important  in  missions, 
etc.  During  the  year  the  members  are  furnished  with 
printed  news  slips  through  which  they  always  receive  prompt 
information  of  current  events.     In  each  place  the  ''helpers" 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         215 

also  are  thus  kept  in  activity;  for  it  is  they  who  undertake 
to  collect  the  yearly  dues  of  the  members,  the  least  being  1 
mark  (or  23%  cents).  Among  the  aid  to  promoting  interest 
in  missions  published  by  the  Mission  Conference  are  three 
large  colored  wall-pictures  of  the  mission  on  Kilima  Njaro  in 
German  East  Africa.  These  have  been  found  helpful  in 
lectures  at  public  schools  and  in  confirmation  classes.  The 
pictures  are  also  used  as  wall  decorations  for  club  rooms, 
etc.  A  prize  competition  was  organized  for  the  exposition 
of  Hinduism  (especially  for  Indian  Missionaries).  It  called 
into  action  a  number  of  able  pens,  and  resulted  in  the  publi- 
cation of  the  prize  essay,  entitled,  "The  Salvation  of  Man- 
kind According  to  Hinduism  and  Christianity;'*  a  compar- 
ative investigation  of  the  fundamental  documents  of  both, 
by  William  Dilger,  Basel  Missionary  Society,  Basel,  1902. 

In  order  to  supply  the  daily  press  with  Missionary  news 
the  Conference  of  Saxony  has  united  with  other  Mission  Con- 
ferences, and  their  appointed  writer,  Pastor  Paul  of  Loreni- 
kirche,  sends  out  920  copies  once  a  month  of  a  news  bulletin 
called  "Recent  News  from  Missions  to  the  Heathen/'  whose 
substance  is  given  to  the  daily  papers  in  each  center  by  his 
associates  of  the  other  Conferences. 


RECENT  BOOKS  FOR  MISSIONARY  LIBRARIES 
AFRICA— EAST  CENTRAL 

The  Masai,  their  Language  and  Folklore,  by  A.  C.  HoUis; 
Oxford,  Clarendon  Press,   1905. 

Five  Years  Medical  Work  on  Lake  Nyassa,  by  R.  Howard ; 
London,  Universities  Mission,   1905. 

Uganda  and  its  Peoples  (Ethnology),  by  J.  F.  Cunning- 
ham; London,  Hutchinson  &  Co.,  1905. 

The   East  Africa   Protectorate,   by   Sir   C.   N.   E.   Eliot; 
London,  E.  Arnold,  1905. 
AFRICA— GENERAL 

Daybreak  in  the  Dark  Continent,  by  W.  S.  Naylor;  New 
York,  Y.  P.  Miss.  Movement,  1905. 

Christus  Liberator,  by  Ellen  C.  Parsons;  New  York,  Mac- 
millan  Co.,  1905. 
AFRICA— SOUTH 

A  Thousand  INIiles  in  the  Heart  of  Africa  (Dutch  Re- 
formed Missions)  by  J.  Du  Plessis;  London,  Oliphant,  An- 
derson and  Ferrier,   1905. 

Halilu,  a  Destiny  of  Deliverance,  by  H.  N.;  London,  Mar- 
shall Bros..  1906. 


216         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

AFRICA— WEST  CENTRAL 

The  Congo  for  Christ,  by  J.  Brown;  London,  S.  W.  Part- 
ridge &  Co.,  1905. 

The  Story  of  Chisamba,  by  H,  W.  Barker  (Canadian 
Congregational  Mission  in  Angola)  ;  Toronto,  1905. 

A  Yankee  in  Pigmy  Land,  by  W.  E.  Geil ;  London,  Hodder 
A  Stoughton,  1906. 

AMERICAN  INDIANS,  NEGROES  AND  HOME  MISSIONS 

History  of  Wachovia  in  North  Carolina  (Moravian),  by 
J.  H.  Clewell;  New  York,  Doubleday,  Page  &  Co.,  1902. 

The  fall  of  Torngak  (Moravian  Mission  in  Labrador)  ; 
London,  S.  W.  Partridge  &  Co.,  1905. 

Aliens  or  Americans?  (immigration),  by  H.  B.  Grose; 
New  York,  Interdenominational  Home  Mission  Study 
Course,  1906. 

Coming  Americans,  by  Katherine  R.  Crowell,  Int.  Home 
Mission  Study  Course,  1906. 

ASIA— CHINA 

Some  Typical  Christians  of  South  China,  by  W.  S.  Paken- 
hara- Walsh ;  London,  Marshall  Bros.,  1906. 

Round  About  my  Peking  Garden,  by  Mrs.  A.  Little;  Lon- 
don, T.  F.  Unwin,']906. 

Stones  in  the  Rough,  by  William  Ashmore;  Boston,  P. 
R.  Warren  Co.,  1905. 

The  Tribulations  of  the  Church  in  China,  A.  D.  1900;  2 
vols.,  Shanghai  Pres.  Mission  Press,  1902. 

In  Touch  With  Reality,  by  W.  A.  Cornaby;  London,  C. 
H.  Kelly,  1905. 

China  and  Her  People,  by  Charles  Denby;  2  vols.,  Bos- 
ton, L.  C.  Page  &  Co.,  1906. 

Chinese  Heroes  (Native  Christians  in  the  Boxer  upris- 
ing), by  I.  T.  Headland;  New  York,  Eaton  &  Mains,  1904. 

ASIA— INDIA  AND  CEYLON 

In  and  Out  of  Hospital  (Medical  work  for  women),  by 
Charlotte  S.  Vines;   London,  Marshall  Bros.  1905., 

Holy  Himalaya  (North  India),  by  E.  S.  Oakley;  London, 
Oliphant,  Anderson  &  Ferrier,  1905. 

Things  as  They  Are,  by  Amy  Wilson-Carmichael ;  Lon 
don,  Morgan  &  Scott,  1903. 

Among  the  Burmans,  bv  Henry  P.  Cochrane;  New  York 
F.  H.  Revell  Co.,  1904. 

Just  What  They  Need  (North  India  School  of  Medicine) 
br  Dr.  Alice  B.  Condict;  London,  Morgan  &  Scott,  1904. 

Shan  Folk-Lore  Stories  (Burma),  by  W.  C.  Griggs;  Phil 
adelphia,  Am.  Baptist  Pub.  Society,  1905. 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         217 

The  Pen  of  Brahma:  Hindu  Hearts  and  Homes,  by 
Beatrice  M.  Harrand ;  New  York,  F.  H.  Revell  Co.,  1906. 

In  Leper  Land  (Missions  to  Lepers),  by  Ida  Jackson; 
London,  Marshall  Bros.,  190L 

Life  and  Work  in  Khasia  (Assam),  by  W.  Jenkins;  Liver- 
pool, Welsh  Calv.  Methodist  Mission  House,  1906. 

ASIA— JAPAN  AND  KOREA 

The  Christian  Movement  in  its  relation  to  the  New  Life 
in  Japan ;  edited  by  D.  C.  Greene ;  245  pp. ;  Tokyo,  1906. 

The  White  Peril  in  the  Far  East,  by  Sydney  L.  Gulick; 
New  York,  F.  H.  Revell  Co.,  1905. 

The  History  of  Korea,  by  H.  B.  Ilulbert;  Seoul,  1905. 

Christianity  in  Modern  Japan,  by  E.  W.  Clement;  Phila- 
delphia, Am.  Baptist  Pub.  Society,  1905. 

Japanese  Life  in  Town  and  Coimtry,  by  G.  W.  Knox;  New 
York,  G.  P.  Putnam's  Sons,  1905. 

The  Anglican  Church  in  Korea,  by  C.  J.  Corfe;  Seoul, 
Korea,  1906. 

MALAYSIA— THE  ISLANDS  OF  THE  PACIFIC 

An  Observer  in  the  Philippines,  by  John  B.  Devins;  New 
York,  Am.  Tract.  Society,  1905. 

Saints  and  Savages  (New  Hebrides),  by  R.  Lamb;  Lon- 
don, W.  Blackwood  &  Sons,  1905. 

Chriatus  Redemptor  (the  Island  World),  by  Helen  B. 
Montgomery;  New  York,  Macmillan  Co.,  1906. 

In  the  Isles  of  the  Sea;  Fifty  Years  in  Melanesia,  by 
Frances  Awdry;  London,  Bemrose  &  Sons,  1903. 

Adventure  for  God  (the  Philippines),  by  Rev.  C.  H. 
Brent;  New  York,  liOngmans,  Green  &  Co.,  1906. 

Micronesia:  the  American  Board  in  the  Island  World,  by 
Mrs.  T.  C.  Bliss;  Boston,  A.  B.  C.  F.  M.,  1906. 

TLTIKEY— SYRIA 

Village  Life  in  Palestine,  by  G.  R.  Lees;  London,  Long- 
mans, Green  &  Co.,  1905. 

BIOGRAPHY 

Raymond  Lull,  by  W.  T.  A.  Barber;  London,  C.  H.  Kelly, 
1904. 

Mills,  Samuel  J.,  by  J.  C.  Richards;  Boston,  Pilgrim 
Press,  3906. 

GENERAL 

St.  Paul;  Missionary  to  the  Nations,  by  Mrs.  Ashley 
Car  US-Wilson ;  London,  Hodder  &  Stoughton*  1905. 

Recent  Advances  in  Christian  Student  Movements;  Lon- 
don, British  College  Christian  Union,  1904. 


218  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Historical  Catalogue  of  Printed  editions  of  Holy  Scrip- 
tures in  library  of  the  BFBS,  by  T.  H.  Darlow  &  H.  F. 
Moule;  2  vols.,  London  BFBS,  1904. 

Method  in  Soul-Winning  on  Home  and  Foreign  Fields, 
by  H.  C.  Mabie;  New  York,  F.  H.  Revell  Co.,  1906. 

Into  all  the  World,  by  C.  S.  MacAlpine;  London,  Mar- 
shall Bros.,   1904. 

Kussian  Orthodox  Missions,  by  E.  Smirnoff;  London, 
Rivingtons,   1903. 

In  the  Land  of  the  North  (Jews  in  Russia),  by  S.  Wil- 
kinson;  London,  Marshall  Bros.,  1906. 

Students  and  the  Modern  Missionary  Crusade  (Nashville 
Convention):  New  York,  Student  Volunteer  Movement,  1906. 

History  of  Protestant  Missions    {Ahriss  einer  Geschichte 
der  protestantischen  Missionen) ,  by  G.  Warneck;    8th  edi- 
tion.   Translated  by  G.  Robson;  New  York,  F.-H.  Revell  Co., 
1906. 
RELIGIONS 

The  Great  Religions  of  India,  by  J.  M.  Mitchell;  New 
York,  F.  H.  Revell  Co.,  1905. 

Some  Leading  Ideas  of  Hinduism,  by  H.  Haigh;  London, 
C.  L.  Kelly,  1904. 

Muhemmad  and  the  Rise  of  Islam,  bv  D.  S.  Margoliouth; 
New  York,  G.  P.  Putnam's  Sons,  1905." 

Original  Sources  of  the  Quran,  bv  W.  St.  C.  Tisdall;  New 
York,  E.  S.  Gorham,  1905. 

Historical  Development  of  the  Quran,  by  E.  Sell;  London, 
S.  P.  C.  K.,  1905. 

The  Mohammedan  World  (Islam  in  the  Concrete),  by 
various  writers;  New  York,  F.  H.  Revell  Co.,  1906. 

The  Muslim  Controversy,  by  E.  H.  Wherry;  London,  The 
ChristiRn  Literature  Society,  1905. 

The  Moslem  Doctrine  of  God,  by  S.  M.  Zwemer;  New 
York,  Am.  Tract.  Soc,  1905. 

Buddhism,  by  Annie  H.  Small;  London,  J.  M.  Dent  &  Co, 
1P06. 

Chinese  Superstitions,  by  J.  Vale;  London,  China  Inland 
Mission,  1906. 


MISSIONARIES  AND  GOVERNMENTS* 

This  subject  is  a  deli'^ate  one  because  the  missionary  is 
worth  nothing  if  he  is  not  sanely  zealous,  while  from  the 
beginning  srovernments  as  well  as  censorious  by-standers 
have  considered  zeal   improper. 

*Mnch  of  the  materml  here  used  is  borrowed  from  Mr.  Eugene  Stock's 
•'Short  Handbook  of  Missions." 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  219 

We  should  say  at  the  outset  that  missionaries  have  rights 
as  citizens,  which  are  not  forfeited  because  they  are  mission- 
aries. They  also  have  duties  toward  the  government  of 
their  own  allegiance  as  well  as  toward  that  of  the  land  of 
their  temporary  abode.  These  duties  need  to  be  most  care- 
fully studied  and  recognized.  The  rights  are  generally 
known  without  study. 

Missionaries  who  are  outside  of  their  own  national  domain 
will  find  residence  in  either  ( 1 )  lands  which  are  ruled  by  bar- 
barous or  semi-barbarous  chiefs,  as  are  many  parts  of  Africa, 
New  Guinea,  and  a  few  other  regions,  or  (2)  lands  under 
civilized  governments  bound  by  treaty  to  protect  the  rights 
of  strangers  sojourning  therein. 

Missionaries  in  barbarous  countries  go  at  their  own  risk 
and  they  make  their  ovm  terms  with  the  chiefs  of  the  tribes 
they  seek  to  evangelize.  Missionaries  and  native  converts 
might  be  murdered  or  imprisoned,  and  no  home  Government 
would  be  expected  or  desired  to  interfere.  Missionaries  in 
Abyssinia  and  Ashanti  have  been  rescued  by  British  military 
expeditions,  but  the  expeditions  were  undertaken,  not  for 
their  deliverance,  but  for  reasons  of  general  policy.  No 
village  was  burned  as  a  punishment  for  the  murder  of  Bishop 
Hannington,  in  Africa;  no  armed  force  interposed  to  save 
the  Christians  of  Uganda  from  a  cruel  death;  and  though  a 
punitive  expedition  was  actually  suggested,  it  was  earnestly 
deprecated  by  the  Church  Missionary  Society,  which  main- 
tains the  Uganda  mission. 

In  independent  and  civilized  foreign  states  it  is  essential 
that  missionaries  should  carry  on  their  Avork  with  due  recog- 
nition of,  and  submission  to  the  local  government  and  its 
laws ;  though  there  are  cases  from  time  to  time  where  a  higher 
law  must  be  obeyed  at  the  missionary's  or  the  convert's  risk. 
Under  some  of  the  Roman  Emperors,  Christianity  was  illegal, 
but  that  did  not  make  Christianity  wrong.  A  missionary 
who  tries  to  get  into  Tibet  or  Arabia  in  the  teeth  of  official 
prohibition  could  not  be  condemned  by  the  Christian  con- 
science. In  some  of  the  lands  in  this  division,  the  general 
influence  of  Christian  Powers  is  indirectly  the  missionary's 
protection,  as  in  Persia.  On  the  other  hand,  it  is  by  British 
orders  that  the  road  to  Afsrhanistan  is  barred  to  all  mission- 
aries. This  latter  circumstance  brings  to  mind  similar  pro- 
hibitions in  India. 

The  story  of  the  relations  of  missions  in  India  to  the 
Indian  Government  is  a  long  and  complicated  one.  The 
East  India  Company  at  the  closp  of  the  eighteenth  century, 
prohibited  missions  altoorether.  Carey  had  to  live  a^id  work 
in  Danish  tprritorv.  Henry  !Martvn  coul'^  onlv  be  in  India 
as  a  chaplain  of  the  Company.     Long  after  the  opening  of 


220  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

India  by  the  renewed  charter  of  1813,  the  authorities,  while 
unable  longer  to  forbid  missionary  work,  carefully  guarded 
their  Sepoy  army  from  the  contagion  of  Christianity.  But 
there  were  individuals  in  the  Government  who  in  their  pri- 
vate capacity  encouraged  missions,  and  when  the  Punjab  was 
annexed  in  1849,  the  men  appointed  to  rule  it,  Henry  and 
John  Lawrence,  Robert  Montgomery,  and  a  noble  band  of 
like-minded  men,  fostered  missionary  effort  to  the  utmost, 
subscribing  largely  themselves  for  its  support.  And  this  in  a 
province  predominantly  and  turbulently  Mohammedan,  and 
even  at  Peshawar,  an  Afghan  city  so  dangerous  that  no  Eng- 
lishman was  allowed  to  enter  it  except  by  express  official 
permission.  Yet,  when  the  Mutiny  broke  out  in  1857,  and 
the  pampered  Sepoys  massacred  all  the  Christians,  foreign 
and  native,  whom  they  could  seize,  it  was  the  Punjab  that 
did  most  to  save  India  to  the  British  Empire. 

In  countries  where  treaties  regulate  the  rights  and  priv- 
ileges of  strangers,  the  missionary  has  certain  rights  under 
these  treaties;  he  cannot  help  enjoying  the  protection  which 
his  government  has  secured  for  its  subjects  by  treaty;  but  he 
will  do  wisely  not  to  press  his  rights  except  when  they  are 
dangerously  disregarded  through  the  ignorance  or  wilfulness 
of  local  officials.  For  there  is  a  legitimate  sphere  for  the 
exercise  of  the  official  influence  of  his  own  government.  If 
treaty  rights  are  infringed,  the  government  whose  subjects 
are  molested  is  compelled  for  its  own  dignity  to  make  remon- 
strance and  appeal  to  the  authorities  to  maintain  law  and 
order  in  accord  with  the  treaty.  The  local  authorities  are 
bound  to  punish  a  thief  or  a  murderer,  as  a  matter  of  justice 
among  their  own  people,  though  not  as  a  satisfaction  to  Ihe 
mission.  "The  devout  men"  who  "carried  Stephen  to  his 
burial"  doubtless  sympathized  with  his  dying  prayer,  "Lord 
lay  not  this  sin  to  their  charge;"  but  if  the  Roman  Governor 
had  arrested  the  "young  man  whose  name  was  Saul"  for 
complicity  in  the  murder,  they  would  not  rightly  have  inter- 
fered with  the  due  course  of  law. 

If  dependence  upon  "protection"  is  to  be  deprecated, 
much  more  vengeance  for  wrongs  done.  In  the  case  of  prop- 
erty destroyed,  it  may  be  wise  and  right  to  accept  compen- 
sation; but  there  can  be  no  compensation  for  loss  of  life. 
"Blood  money"  must  always  be  refused  by  the  missionary. 

As  for  consular  protection,  it  is  obvious  that  if  the  mis- 
sionary expects  it,  he  must  not  go  beyond  the  reach  of  it; 
and  thit  would  often  confine  his  mission  to  the  sea-coast  or 
the  navigable  river.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  missionaries  in 
oriental  countries  entirely  repudiate  the  "gunboat"  policy. 
One  man  did  advocate  it  in  China;  his  letter  was  printed  in 
a  blue  book;  and  that  letter  has  often  been  quoted  by  the 


The  Blub  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         221 

opponents  of  missions  as  if  it  were  typical.  In  Turkey  there 
is  often  necessity  for  invoking  tne  influence  of  an  ambassador, 
because  the  express  authority  of  the  Sultan  himself  is  required 
for  the  opening  of  a  hospital  or  u  village  school. 

Missionaries  as  a  matter  of  duty,  should  refrain  from 
asking  consular  protection  for  their  converts.  Much  harm 
has  been  done  to  the  cauee  of  Christianity  both  in  China  and 
Turkey  by  French  Roman  Catholic  priests  securing  consular 
interference  in  behalf  of  converts.  There  should  be  no  inter- 
position that  tends  to  remove  the  native  convert  from  the 
sphere  of  his  nationality  and  its  responsibilities.  But  it  is 
reasonable  that  Christian  Powers  should  press  in  a  general 
way  for  religious  liberty,  as  England  has  done  in  Turkey 
since  the  Crimean  war.  Turkey  owes  its  continued  existence 
to  the  intervention  of  England  and  France  at  that  time; 
and  the  British  Government  has  insisted  on  entire  religious 
liberty  there.  Lord  Clarendon,  then  Foreign  Secretary, 
wrote: — 

"  The  Christian  Powers  are  entitled  to  demand,  and  H.  M.  Government  do 
distinctly  demand,  that  no  punishment  whatever  shall  attach  to  the  Mo- 
hammedan who  becomes  a  Christian,  whether  originally  a  Mohammedan  or 
originally  a  Christian,  any  more  than  any  punishment  attaches  to  a  Chris- 
tian who  embraces  Mohammedanism.  In  all  such  cases  the  movements 
of  the  human  conscience  must  be  free,  and  the  temporal  arm  must  not 
interfere  to  coerce  the  spiritual  decision." 

The  Porte  gave  way  under  strong  pressure,  and  the  Brit- 
ish demand  was  acceded  to — on  paper.  But  although  con- 
verts have  not  since  been  executed  openly,  as  they  were 
before,  they  have  been  got  rid  of  in  ways  not  less  effective. 
It  is  still  at  the  risk  of  his  life  that  a  Muslim  in  Turkey  be- 
comes a  Christian. 

Although  there  is  no  truth  in  the  charge,  often  care- 
lessly made,  that  missionaries  habitually  ask  their  govern- 
ments to  forward  their  religious  work  by  special  protection 
or  armed  intervention,  there  are  cases  when  missionaries  are 
bound  to  ask  the  good  offices  of  consul  or  ambassador,  or 
even  of  the  home  government.  Such  cases  legitimately 
arise  when  oriental  officials  make  arbitrary  restrictions  of 
the  lawful  undertakings  of  missionaries.  For  instance 
forty  years  ago  an  oriental  government  gave  formal  permis- 
sion for  the  publication  of  the  Bible  in  its  domains.  The 
Bible  societies  established  an  expensive  printing  and  electro- 
typing  plant  on  faith  of  this  authorization,  took  out  the 
necessary  permits  for  printing  houses  and  invested  capital 
in  the  business  of  manufacture  and  sale  of  the  Bibles  in  that 
land.  From  time  to  time  during  years  regulations  were 
i'ssued  limiting  the  manufacture  of  the  Bible,  and  fixing  con- 
ditions for  the  sale  of  the  Bible  in  shops,  and  by  travelling 


222         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

salesmen.  The  Bible  societies  conformed  to  the  regulations 
and  built  up  a  considerable  business  und-jr  the  conditions 
fixed  by  the  Government.  After  more  than  a  score  of  years 
an  official  executive  order  was  suddenly  issued  forbidding 
manufacture  of  the  Bible  and  its  sale  by  travelling  salesmen, 
and  ordering  the  confiscation  of  the  Bibles.  This  executive 
order  with  a  stroke  of  the  pen  destroyed  arbitrarily  the  value 
of  the  plant  built  under  the  laws  of  the  country,  and  made 
the  men  criminals  who  were  in  that  business.  In  such  a 
ease  there  is  no  alternative  but  to  appeal  to  the  Home  Gov- 
ernment for  protection  against  arbitrary  action  such  as  the 
existing  treaties  forbid. 

Such  appeals  to  the  Home  Government  should  be  avoided, 
should  never  be  made  until  the  missionary  has  exhausted 
every  means  within  his  reach  for  settling  the  difficulty  him- 
self, and  should  be  made  in  last  resort  only  where  a  treaty 
has  been  violated  in  such  a  way  that  the  missionary  is  denied 
equal  rights  with  tradesmen  of  his  own  nationality. 

In  cases  where  appeal  is  to  be  made  to  an  ambassador 
or  to  the  Home  Government,  it  is  desirable  that  one  or  two 
missionary  representatives  speak  for  the  whole  body,  rather 
than  that  a  number  of  different  persons  interested  should 
make  separate  appeals  for  protection.  All  the  German 
missionary  societies  acting  together  choose  a  Committee 
each  year  to  represent  the  whole  group  in  relations  with  the 
German  Government;  whether  in  answering  questions  or 
making  explanations  or  in  presenting  appeals  for  the  exam- 
ination of  grievances.    The  plan  works  very  well. 

We  have  only  to  note  in  closing  that  in  case  a  foreign 
Government  interferes  to  protect  its  subjects  who  live  abroad, 
it,  and  not  the  person  whom  it  defends,  is  responsible  both 
for  the  intervention  and  the  method  adopted  for  making  it 
effective.  The  men  who  criticise  missionaries  for  any  such 
act  of  intervention  are,  in  actual  fact,  bringing  a  heavy 
indictment  against  the  Government  as  too  weak  to  follow 
the  wiser  policy  which  such  critics  profess  to  have  in  their 
minds. 

We  cannot  leave  our  subject  %vithout  suggesting  the 
attitude  of  high  officers  of  Government  toward  missions 
revealed  in  the  words  of  three  great  American  statesmen  at 
the  Ecumenical  Conference  of  1900. 


"  Who  can  estimate  their  (the  missionaries')  value  to  the  progress  of 
nations?  Their  contribution  to  the  onward  and  upward  march  of  humanity 
is  beyond  aU  calculation." 

The  Hon.  Benjamin  Harrison,  former  President  of  the 
United  States: 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         223 

"  I  count  it  a  great  honor  to  be  called  to  preside  over  the  deliberations 
of  this  great  body.  It  is  to  associate  one's  self  with  the  most  influential 
and  enduring  work  that  is  being  done  in  this  day  of  great  enterprises." 

The  Hon.  Theodore  Roosevelt,  Governor  of  the  State  of 
New  York,  and  now  President  of  the  United  States: 

"  You  who  work,  you  are  teaching  others  to  work.  You  are  not  trying  to 
save  people  from  having  to  exert  the  faculties  which  the  Lord  gave  them. 
You  are  trying  to  teach  them  to  use  them.  .  .  .  You  are  doing  the 
greatest  work  that  can  be  done.  It  is  an  honor  and  a  privilege  to  greet  you 
here  to-night  in  the  name  of  the  great  state  of  New  York." 


TRAINING   SCHOOLS   FOR   MISSIONARIES 

ADVENTIST 

Boston  Bible  School  and  Ransom  Institute, 
160  Warren  Street,  Boston,  Mass. 
BAPTIST 

Baptist  Missionary  Training  School  (1881), 

2411  Indiana  Ave.,  Chicago,  111. 
Baptist  Training  School  for  Christian  Work, 
762  South  Tenth  Street,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
CHRISTIAN  ALLIANCE 

Christian  Alliance  Missionary  Institute    (1883), 
Nyack,  N.  Y. 
CONGREGATIONAL 

Hartford  School  of  Religious  Pedagogy, 
Hartford,  Conn. 
METHODIST  EPISCOPAL 

Chicago  Training  School  for  City,  Home  and  Foreign  Mis- 
sions (1885), 
4949  Indiana  Ave.,  Chicago,  111. 
Deaconess'  Training  School, 

Grand  Rapids,  Mich. 
Elizabeth  Gamble  Deaconess'  Training  School, 

Wesley  Avenue,  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 
Fisk  National  Deaconess'  Training  Institute, 

251   Orchard  Ave.,  Kansas  City,  Mo. 
Folts  Mission  Institute, 

Herkimer,  N.  Y. 
Lucy  Webb  Hayes  Bible  and  Training  School, 

1140  North  Capitol  Street,  Washington,  D.  C. 
New  England  Bible  Training  School, 

(for  women)   under  the  N.  E.  Deaconess'  Assoc., 
175  Bellevue  Street,  Longwood,  Boston,  IMass. 
New  York  Deaconess'  Home  and  Training  School    (1889), 
1175  Madison  Ave.,  New  York  City. 


224         The  Blue  Book  op  Missions  for  1907 

METHODIST  EPISCOPAL  SOUTH 

Missionary  Training  School  of  the  ME  Chiirch  South, 

Nashville,  Tennessee. 
Scaritt  Bible  and  Training  School   (1892), 
Kansas  City,  Mo. 
NORWEGIAN  LUTHERAN 

Norwegian  Lutheran  Deaconess'  Institute, 
1417  East  23rd  Street,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 
President,  Deaconess  Ingeborg  Sponland. 
PRESBYTERIAN 

University    of    Wooster    Bible    and    Missionary    Training 
School,  for  lay  workers  on  the  Home  and  Foreign  Field, 
Wooster,  Ohio. 
PROTESTANT  EPISCOPAL 

Training  School  for  Deaconesses, 

228  East  12th  Street,  New  York  City. 
SEVENTH  DAY  ADVENTISTS 

American  Medical  Missionary  College    (International  Med- 
ical and  Benevolent  Miss.  Soc), 
Chicago,  111. 
INTERDENOMINATIONAL 

Gordon  Bible  and  Missionary  Training  School    (1888), 

Boston,  Mass. 
International  Medical  Missionary  Institute, 

288  Lexington  Ave.,  New  York  City. 
Moody  Bible  Institute    (1889), 

80  Institute  Place,  Chicago,  111. 
Training  School  for  Christian  Workers, 

127-129  East  10th  Street,  New  York  City. 
Union  Missionary  Training  Institute  (1891), 

131  Waverly  Ave.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
Oriental  Seminary, 
Gowanda,  N.  Y. 
W^inona  Bible  School, 
541  Lexington  Ave.,  New  York  City. 


ROMAN   CATHOLIC  SOCIETIES  AND  ORDERS 
Africa 

In  Genebal — Cistercians   (Trappists),  Rome. 

Company  of  Mary,  St.  Laurent,  sur  Sevre,  France. 
ABYSSINIA— Lazarists,  Paris. 
ALGERIA — Algerian  Missionary  Society,  Algiers. 

Basilians,   Annonay,   France. 
BENIN — ^African  Missionary  Society,  Lyons. 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         225 

BRITISH  BECHUANALAXD— Oblates  of  St.  Francis  de 
Sales,  Troyes,  France. 

BRITISH  CENTRAL  AFRICA— Algerian  Missionary  So- 
ciety, Algiers. 

CENTRAL  AFRICA — African  Missionary  Society,  Verona. 

CONGO  FREE  STATE— Algerian  Missionary  Society,  Al- 
giers. Belgian  Foreign  Missionary  Society,  Scheut-lez- 
Bruxelles.     Sacred  Heart  of  Jesus,  Rome. 

DAHOMEY — African  Missionary  Society,  Lyons. 

EGYPT — African  Missionary  Society,  Lyons. 
Franciscans,  Minor,  Rome. 

ERITREA — Franciscans    (Minor   Capuchins),  Rome. 

FERNANDO  PO— Children  of  the  Immaculate  Heart  of 
Mary,  Spain. 

FRENCH  COLONIES— Holy  Ghost  and  Sacred  Heart  of 
Marv,  Paris. 

FRENCH  CONGO— Holy  Ghost  and  Sacred  Heart  of  Mary, 
Paris. 

FRENCH  GUINEA— Holy  Ghost  and  Sacred  Heart  of  Mary, 
Paris. 

GALLAS — Franciscans    (Minor  Capuchins),  Rome. 

GERMAN  EAST  AFRICA— Algerian  Missionary  Society, 
Algiers. 

GERMAN  SOUTHWEST  AFRICA— Holy  Ghost  and  Sacred 
Heart  of  Mary,  Paris. 

€rOLD  COAST — African  Missionary  Society,  Lyons. 

IVORY  COAST— African  Missionary  Society,  Lyons. 

KAMERUN — Pious  Society  of  Missions    (Pallotins),  Rome. 

MADAGASCAR    AND    ISLANDS— Holy    Ghost    and    Sacred 
Heart  of  Mary,  Paris. 
Jesuits,  Fiesole,  near  Florence. 
La  Salette,  La  Salette. 
Lazarists,  Paris. 
Premonstratensians    ( Norbertins ) ,  Rome. 

NATAL — Oblates  of  Mary  the  Immaculate,  Paris. 

NIGERIA,  SOUTH— Holy  Ghost  and  Sacred  Heart  of 
Mary,  Paris. 

ORANGE  RIVER  COLONY— Oblates  of  Mary  the  Immac- 
ulate, Paris. 

PORTUGUESE  WEST  AFRICA— Holy  Ghost  and  Sacred 
Heart  of  Mary,  Paris. 

RHODESIA — Jesuits,  Fiesole,  near  Florence. 

SAHARA — Algerian  Missionary  Society,  Algiers. 

SENEGAMBIA— Holy  Ghost  and  Sacred  Heart  of  Mary, 
Paris. 

SEYCHELLES  ISLANDS— Franciscans  (Minor  Capuchins), 
Rome. 


226  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

SIERRE   LEONE— Holy   Ghost  and   Sacred  Heart   of  Mary, 

SOUTHERN  ZANZIBAR— Basilians   of  Bavaria,  Munich. 
SUDAN — Algerian  Missionary  Society,  Algiers. 

English  Foreign  Missionary  Society,  Mill  Hill. 
TOGOLAND — Foreign    Missionary     Society    of    German-Hol- 
land, Steyl,  Holland. 

(Society  of  the  Divine  Word.) 
TRANSVAAL — Oblates  of  Mary  the  Immaculate,  Paris. 
TRIPOLI — Franciscans,  Minor,  Rome. 
TUNIS — Algerian  Missionary  Society,  Algiers. 
UBANGI   (Upper  Congo) — African  Missionary  Society,  Lyons. 
UGANDA — Algerian  Missionary  Society,  Algiers. 
ZANZIBAR— Benedictines    (St.  Ottilien),  Bavaria. 

Holy  Ghost  and  Sacred  Heart  of  Mary,  Paris. 

AMERICA 

AMERICA — Franciscans,  Minor,  Rome. 

Marists,  Lyons. 
ALASKA — Jesuits,   Fiesole,   near   Florence. 
BRITISH   COLUMBIA— Oblates  of  Mary  Immaculate,  Paris. 
UNITED  STATES— Augustinians,  Rome. 

Augustinians  of  the  Assumption,  Paris. 

Basilians,  Annonay,  France. 

Benedictines,  Monte  Casino. 

Carmelites,  Rome. 

Cistercians    (Trappists),  Rome. 

Dominicans,  Rome. 

Fathers  of  ^lercy,  Paris. 

Foreign    Missionary    Society    of    German-Holland,    Steyl, 
Holland    (Society  of  the  Divine  Word). 

Franciscans    (Minor  Capuchins),  Rome. 

Franciscans    (Minor  Conventuals),  Rome. 

Holy  Cross,  Le  Mans. 

Holy  Ghost  and  Sacred  Heart  of  Mary,  Paris. 

Jesuits,  Fiesole,  near  Florence. 

Josephite  Society,  Baltimore. 

La  Salette,  La  Salette. 

Lazarists,  Paris. 

Oblates  of  Mary  Immaculate,  Paris. 

Oblates  of  the  Sacred  Heart,  Pontigny,  Yonne,  France. 

Passionists,  Rome. 

Paulist  Fathers,  New  York. 

Pious  Society  of  Missions    (Pallotins),  Rome. 

Precious  Blood,  Rome. 

Premonstratensians    ( Norbertins ) ,  Rome. 

Redemptorists,  Rome. 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         227 

Resurrectionists,  Rome. 

Sacred  Heart  Missionary  Fathers,  Issoudun. 

St.  Charles  Missionary  Fathers,  Piacenza. 

Salesians  of  Turin,  Turin. 

Servites,  Rome. 

Society  of  the  Divine  Savior,  Rome. 

Sulpicians,  Paris. 

CANADA 
Basilians,  Annonay,  France. 
Cistercians    (Trappists),  Rome. 
Company  of  Mary,  St.  Laurent,  sur  Sevre,  France. 
Dominicans,  Rome. 
Eudist  Fathers,  Rennes. 
Franciscans   (Minor  Capuchins),  Rome. 
Holy  Cross,  Le  Mans. 
Jesuits,  Fiesole,  near  Florence. 
La  Salette,  La  Salette. 

Oblates  of  Mary  Immaculate,  Paris,  France. 
Premonstratensians    ( Norbertins ) ,  Rome. 
Resurrectionists,  Rome. 
Sulpicians,  Paris. 

ST.  ALBERT— Oblates  of  Mary  Immaculate,  Paris. 
ST.  BONIFACE— Oblates  of  Mary  Immaculate,  Paris. 
SASKATCHEWAN— Oblates  of  Mary  Immaculate,  Paris. 

WEST  INDIES 
CURACOA — Dominicans,  Rome. 

HAITI — Company  of  Mary,  St.  Laurent,  sur  Sevre,  France. 
JAMAICA — Jesuits,   Fiesole,   near   Florence. 
WEST  INDIES— Children  of  Mary  Immaculate,  Vendee. 

SOUTH  AMERICA 
BRITISH  GUIANA^ Jesuits,  Fiesole,  near  Florence. 
CHILE — Jesuits,  Fiesole,  near  Florence. 
DUTCH  GUIANA— Redemptorists,  Rome. 
FRENCH  GUIANA— Holy  Ghost  and  Sacred  Heart  of  Mary, 

Paris. 
PATAGONIA,  North  and  South— Salesians  of  Turin,  Turin. 
SOUTH  AMERICA— Pious   Society  of  Missions    (Pallotins), 

Rome. 

ASIA 

ARABIA — Franciscans  (Minor  Capuchins),  Rome. 
CHINA — Augustinians,  Rome. 

Cistercians    (Trappists),  Rome. 

Dominicans,  Rome. 

Belgian    Foreign    Missionary    Society,    Scheut-lez-Brux- 
eUes. 


228  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Paris  Foreign  Missionary  Society,  Paris. 

German- Holland  Foreign  Missionary  Society    (Society  of 

the  Divine  Word),  Steyl,  Holland. 
Foreign  Missionary  Society,  Rome. 
Milan  Foreign  Missionary  Society,  Milan. 
Franciscans,  Minor,  Rome. 
Lazarists,  Paris. 
MONGOLIA — Belgian    Foreign    Missionary    Society,    Scheut- 

lez-Bruxelles. 
ILI — Belgian    Foreign    Missionary    Society,    Scheut-lez-Brnx- 

elles. 
KOREA — Paris  Foreign  Missionary  Society,   Paris. 

CEYLON 

COLOMBO — Oblates  of  Mary  Immaculate,  Paris. 
JAFFNA — Oblates  of  Mary  Immaculate,  Paris. 
KANDY — Benedictines   ( Sylvestrian ) ,  Rome. 
VERAPOLY— Carmelites,  Rome. 

FRENCH  INDO-CHINA 

CAMBODIA — Paris  Foreign  Missionary  Society,  Paris. 
TONGKINQ — Dominicans,  Rome. 

INDIA 

AGRA — Franciscans    (Minor   Capuchins),  Rome. 
ALLAHABAD — Franciscans    (Minor  Capuchins),  Rome. 
ASSAM — Society  of  the  Divine  Savior,  Rome. 
BOMBAY — Jesuits,  Fiesole,  near  Florence. 
BURMA — Paris  Foreign  Missionary  Society,  Paris. 

Milan  Foreign  Missionary  Society,  Milan. 
COCHIN — Paris   Foreign  Missionary   Society,  Paris. 
COIMBATORE — Paris  Foreign  Missionary  Society,  Paris. 
DACCA— Holy  Cross,  Le  Mans. 

HAIDARABAD — ^Milan   Foreign   Missionary   Society,  Milan. 
KAFIRISTAN— English     Foreign    Missionary    Society,    Mill 

Hill. 
KOTAYAM — Jesuits,  Fiesole,  near  Florence. 
KRISHNAGAR — ^Milan  Foreign  Missionary  Society,  Milan. 
LAHORE — Franciscans    ( Minor  Capuchins ) ,  Rome. 
MADRAS — English  Foreign   Missionary  Society,  Mill  Hill. 
MANGALORE — Jesuits,  Fiesole,  near  Florence. 
MYSORE — Paris  Foreign  Missionary  Society,  Paris. 
NAGPUR — St.  Francis  de  Sales  of  Annecy,  Annecy. 
PONDICHERRY— Paris  Foreign  Missionary  Society,  Paris. 
POONA — Jesuits,  Fiesole,  near  Florence. 
QUILLON— Carmelites,  Rome. 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         229 

TRICHINOPOLI— Jesuits,  Fiesole,  near  Florence. 
WESTERN   BENGAL — Jesuits,  Fiesole,  near  Florence. 
VIZ  AG  AP  AT  AM — St.  Francis  de  Sales  of  Annecy,  Annecy. 
JAPAN — Paris  Foreign  Missionary  Society,  Paris. 
PERSIA — Lazarists,  Paris. 
SIAM — Paris  Foreign  Missionary  Society,  Paris. 

TURKEY 
ARMENIA — Jesuits,  Fiesole,  near  Florence. 

Mechitarists    (Benedictines),  Venice. 

Augustinians  of  the  Assumption,  Paris. 
BAGDAD— Carmelites,  Rome. 

JERUSALEM — Algerian  Missionary  Society,  Algiers. 
MARDIN — Franciscans   (Minor  Capuchins),  Rome. 
MESOPOTAMIA— Dominicans,  Rome. 
PALESTINE— Cistercians    (Trappists),  Rome. 
SYRIA — Franciscans,  Minor,  Rome. 

Lazarists,  Paris. 

EUROPE 
ENGLAND — Benedictines,  Monte  Casino. 

Carthusians,  Grande-Chartreuse. 

Cistercians    (Trappists),  Rome. 

Company  of  Mary,  St.  Laurent,  sur  Sevre,  France. 

Oratorians. 

Passionists,  Rome. 

Servites,  Rome. 
GREECE — Oblates  of  St.  Francis  de  Sales,  Troyes,  France. 
NORWAY — Premonstratensians    (Norbertins) ,  Rome. 
ROUMANIA — Franciscans    (Minor    Conventuals),   Rome. 

Passionists,  Rome. 

TURKEY  IN  EUROPE 
ADRIANOPLE — Franciscans   (Minor  Conventuals),  Rome. 

Lazarists,  Paris. 

Resurrectionists,  Rome. 
BULGARIA — Lazarists,  Paris, 

Franciscans   (Minor  Capuchins),  Rome. 
CRETE^ — Franciscans    (Minor  Capuchins),  Rome. 
CONSTANTINOPLE— Franciscans       (Minor       Conventuals), 
Rome. 

Lazarists,  Paris. 
NICOPOLIS— Passionists,  Rome. 

MALAYSIA 
BORNEO — English  Foreign  Missionary  Society,  Mill  Hill. 
MALAYSIA — Paris  Foreign  Missionary  Society,  Paris. 
NEW  GUINEA— Sacred    Heart    Missionary    Fathers,    lasou- 
dun. 


230  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

PHILIPPINE  ISLANDS— Augustinians,  Rome. 

Dominicans,  Rome. 

Franciscans,  Minor,  Rome. 
GERMAN     NEW     GUINEA— German-Holland     For.     Miss. 
Society   (Society  of  the  Divine  Word),  Steyl,  Holland. 

OCEANIA 

CENTRAL  OCEANIA— Marists,  Lyons. 

FIJI  ISLANDS— Marists,  Lyons. 

HAWAII — Sacred  Heart  of  Picpus,  Paris. 

MARQUESAS  ISLANDS— Sacred  Heart  of  Picpus,  Paris. 

MELANESIA    (Solomon  Islands) — Marists,  Lyons. 

MICRONESIA — Sacred  Heart  Missionary  Fathers,  Issoudun. 

NEW  CALEDONIA— Marists,  Lyons. 

NEW  HEBRIDES— Marists,  Lyons. 

NEW     POMERANIA— Sacred     Heart     Missionary     Fathers, 

Issoudun. 
SAMOA — Marists,  Lyons. 
TAHITI — Sacred  Heart  of  Picpus,  Paris. 

AUSTRALIA 

COOKTO>VN — Auerustinians,  Rome. 

Benedictines,  Monte  Casino. 

Cistercians    (Trappists),  Rome. 

Jesuits,  Fiesole,  near  Florence. 

Pious  Society  of  Missions  (Pallotins),  Rome. 
NEW  ZEALAND   (Wellington  and  Christ  Church)— Marists, 
Lyons. 


NUMBER  OF  VERSIONS  OF  THE   BIBLE 

The  Rev.  James  S.  Dennis,  D.D.,  the  distinguished  author- 
ity on  Missionary  Science  and  History,  published  in  1902,  in 
Lis  "Centennial  Survey  of  Foreign  Missions,"  an  authoritative 
chronology  and  history  of  Bible  translation.  According  to  his 
summary  of  results,  the  number  of  ancient  and  standard  ver- 
sions of  the  Bible  is  22,  and  the  number  of  modern  and  mis- 
sionary versions  is  456,  of  which  446  were  made  during  the 
nineteenth  century. 

Of  these  missionary  versions  99  are  translations  of  the 
whole  Bible;  121  are  translations  of  the  New  Testament,  and 
236  are  translations  of  a  portion  only  of  the  Scriptures. 
Thirty-nine  of  these  versions,  also,  are  mere  transliterations; 
as  for  instance,  Turkish  in  Armenian,  and  Turkish  in  Greek 
letters,  both  of  Avhich  are  mere  transliterations  of  the  Western 
Turki^  version-    These  transUterations  are  hardly  entitled  to 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         231 

rank  among  translations  of  tlie  Bible  in  the  same  grade  as  the 
versions  upon  which  they  are  based.  At  the  same  time  they 
may  not  be  ignored,  since  the  labor  and  cost  of  printing  them 
is  about  the  same  as  in  the  case  of  an  independent  version. 

Since  these  tables  were  compiled  23  new  versions  have  been 
added  to  the  list  (most  of  which  are  represented  by  single 
Gospels)  bringing  the  total  number  up  to  479  at  the  beginning 
of  1905.    These  479  versions  are  distributed  as  follows: 

African  languages 129 

American  languages    53 

Asiatic  languages   178 

Australasian  and  Oceanian  languages 62 

European  languages  67 

Total 479 

Taking  the  ancient  and  standard  versions  together  with 
the  modern  and  missionary  versions,  we  have  a  total  of  501 
versions.  Of  these  46  are  now  disused  and  obsolete.  The 
number  remaining  in  circulation  is  455  versions  actively  serv- 
ing to  unify  the  moral  and  spiritual  ideas  of  the  races. 


UNITED  STATES  POSTAGE  RATES  TO 
FOREIGN  COUNTRIES 

Domestic  postage  rates  apply  to  the  following:  Canada,  Cuba,  Guam, 
Hawaii,  Mexico,  Panama,  Philippine  Islands,  Porto  Rico,  Shanghai  (China), 
Tutuila. 

To  all  foreign  countries  (including  Newfoundland)  except  those  in- 
cluded in  the  above  list,  the  rates  of  postage  are  as  follows: 

Letters  per  half  ounce 5  cents 

Postal  cards,  each 2  cents 

Printed  matter,  per  2  ounces 1  cent 

Commercial  papers  (legal  papers,  deeds,  invoices,  bUls  of  lading 
and  manuscripts  for  publication,  etc.)  packets  not  over  10  ounces.  .  .5  cents 
packets  in  excess  of  10  ounces,  for  each  2  ounces  or  fraction  thereof.  .  1  cent 
Samples  of  merchandise;  packets  not  in  excess  of  4  ounces  ...  .2  cents 

Registration  fee  on  letters  and  other  articles 8  cents 

Under  the  provisions  of  the  Universal  Postal  Convention,  after  Oct.  1, 
1907,  the  rate  of  letter  postage  to  foreign  countries  will  be  five  cents  for  the 
first  ounce  or  part  of  an  ounce  and  three  cents  for  each  additional  ounce  or 
fraction  of  an  ounce. 

Parcels  of  mailable  merchandise  unsealed,  and  accompanied  by  a  Cus- 
tom House  declaration  (furnished  on  application  at  any  post  office)  can  be 
sent  by  parcel  post  to  the  countries  named  below  at  a  postage  rate  of  12 
cents  for  a  parcel  not  exceeding  one  pound  in  weight  and  12  cents  for  each 
additional  pound  or  fraction  thereof. 

Parcels  may  be  sent  to  Jamaica;  Barbados;  the  Bahamas;  British 
Honduras;  British  Guiana;  the  Leeward  L«lands  and  the  Windward  Islands, 
(West  Indies);  Trinidad;  Tobago;  Danish  West  Indies;  Mexico;  Central 
America;  Panama;  Colombia;  Venezuela  (Bolivia,  Peru  and  Chile,  20 
cents  a  pound);  Newfoundland;  Germany;  New  Zealand;   Norway;     Hong- 

Icpog;    Japan  wcludijig  Korea  and  Fonuosa,-    Great  Britaio;     Irelaod; 


232  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

Australia;  Denmark  and  Sweden;  also  the  following  places  in  China; 
Peking;  Chifu;  Tientsin;  Shanghai,  Nanking;  Hankow;  Shasi;  Soochow; 
Hangchow;  Foochow;  Amoy;  Canton;  Haihow;  Hongkong;  Liukungtau; 
Ningpo;  Swatow;  Changsha;  Chinkiang;  Newchwang;  Shanghaikwan 
Sungchin;  Taiya,  and  Wuchang. 


CABLE  AND  TELEGRAPH  RATES 

These  rates  are  from  New  York  City.  The  address  and  signature  are 
included  in  the  chargeable  matter,  and  the  length  of  words  is  limited  to 
fifteen  letters.  When  a  word  is  composed  of  more  than  fifteen  letters, 
every  additional  fifteen  or  fraction  of  fifteen  letters  will  be  counted  as  a  word. 

Per  Word 

Alexandria  (Egypt) $   .60 

Argentine  Republic 1 .  00 

Austria 32 

Barbados 91 

Bolivia 1 .25 

Brazil 85  to  1 .40 

Bulgaria 35 

Burma 74 

Callao  (Peru) 1 .25 

Cairo  (Egypt) 50 

Cape  Colony  (South  Africa) 86 

Ceylon 76 

Chile 1 .25 

China 1 .22 

Cochin  China 1 .  19 

Colon 97 

Cyprus 50 

Demarara 1 .  44 

Ecuador 1 .  25 

England 25 

France 25 

Germany 25 

Gibraltar 43 

Greece 36 

Guatemala 55 

Havana 15 

Hayti 1 .  05  to  1 .  55 

Holland 25 

India 74 

Ireland 25 

Italy 31 

Jamaica 48 

Japan 1 .33 

Java 1 .  20 

Korea  (Seoul) 1 .33 

Malta 35 

Matanzas 20 

Melbourne,  Victoria     66 

Mexico  City 10  words     1 .  75 

Nassau  (Bahamas) 35 

Natal  (South  Africa) 86 

New  South  Wales 66 

New  Zealand 66 

Orange  River  Colony 86 

Panama 97 

Paraguay 1 .  00 

PaoADg  (Straits  Settlements) ,,....,,.., , , 1 .  11 


The  Blue  Book  op  Missions  for  1907 


233 


Per  Word 

Peru $1 .25 

Philippine  Islands  (Luzon,  Manila,  etc.) 1.12 

Other  Islands 1 .27 

Porto  Rico 75 

Queensland 66 

Roumania 34 

Russia  (Europe) 43 

Russia  (Asia) 60 

Santo  Domingo 1 ,  32 

Scotland 25 

Servia 34 

Siam 1 .  05 

Singapore 1.11 

Spain 38 

St.  Thomas 96 

Switzerland 30 

Sydney  (N.  S.  W.) 66 

Tangier 45 

Tasmania 66 

Transvaal 86 

Trinidad 98 

Turkey  (Europe) 37 

Turkey  (Asia) 45 

Uruguay 1 .  00 

Venezuela 1 .  50  to  1 .  60 

Vera  Cruz 10  words     1 .  75 

Victoria  (Australia) 66 


VALUE  OF  FOREIGN  COINS  IN  AMERICAN  MONEY 

1 

Ill 

1i§ 

ill 

1^ 

111 

a 
«  a 

1.... 

$  4.866i 

$0,238 

$0,193 

$0,808 

$0,402 

$0,324 

$0,515 

$0,303 

2.... 

9.733 

.476 

.386 

1.616 

.804 

.648 

1.03 

.406 

3.... 

14.599i 

.714 

.579 

2.424 

1.206 

.972 

1.545 

.609 

4.... 

19.466 

.952 

.772 

3.232 

1.608 

1.296 

2.06 

.812 

5.... 

24.332^ 

1.19 

.965 

4.040 

2.01 

1.62 

2.575 

1.016 

6.... 

29.199 

1.428 

1.158 

4.848 

2.412 

2.044 

3.09 

1.218 

7.... 

34.065^ 

1.666 

1.351 

3.656 

2.814 

2.368 

3.605 

1.421 

8.... 

38.932 

1.904 

1.544 

6.464 

3.216 

2.592 

4.12 

1.624 

9.... 

43.798i 

2.142 

1.737 

7.272 

3.618 

2.916 

4.635 

1.827 

10.... 

48.665 

2.38 

1.93 

8  080 

4.02 

3.24 

6.15 

2.03 

20. . . . 

97.33 

4.76 

3.86 

16.160 

8.04 

6.48 

10.30 

4.06 

30. . . . 

145.995 

7.14 

5.79 

24.240 

12.06 

9.72 

15.45 

6.09 

40. . . . 

194.66 

9.52 

7.72 

32.320 

16.08 

12.96 

20.60 

8.12 
10.16 

50. . .  . 

243.325 

11.90 

9.65 

40.400 

20.10 

16.20 

25.75 

100.... 

486.65 

23.80 

19.30 

80.800 

40.20 

32.40 

51.50 

20.30 

234 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 


VALUE  OF  FOREIGN  COIN  IN  UNITED  STATES 
GOLD 


Country 

Standard 

Monetary  Unit 

Value  in  U.  S. 
Gold  Dollars 

Argentina 

Gold               .    .    . 

Peso     

$0.96^ 

Gold 

Crown 

.20,3 

Gold 

.19,3 

Silver 

Boliviano 

.48,5 

Gold 

.54,6 

Ponnrln 

Gold 

Silver 

Gold 

Silver 

Dollar 

1.00 

Central  America.  . 
Chile              .    .    . 

Pesot 

.48,5 

Peso 

.36,5 

(  Shanghai .  . 
Tael§iHaikwan||. 

(  Canton. .  .  . 
Dollar 

.72,6 
.80,8 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold          

.79,2 
1.00 

Colon 

.46,5 

Crown 

.26,8 

Sucre 

Pound    (100   Pias- 
ters)  

.48,7 

Egypt 

4  94,3 

.19,3 

Germany. 

Mark 

.23,8 

Gold ; 

Gold          

4.86,6* 

Greece 

Drachma 

.19,3 

Hayti 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold 

Gourde 

.96,5 

India 

Pound  sterling! .  .  . 

4.86,6* 

Italy 

.19,3 

Japan 

Yen                  .    . 

.49,8 

Mexico 

Silver 

Dollar 

Florin 

.49,8 

Netherlands. 

Gold 

.40,2 

Newfoundland 

Gold       

Dollar 

1 .  01 ,4 

Gold 

.26,8 

Panama 

Gold            

Balboa 

1.00 

Peru 

Gold 

4.86,6* 

Portugal 

Gold                

Milreis 

1.08 

Russia 

Gold 

Ruble 

.51,5 

Spain 

Gold 

Gold 

Peseta 

.19,3 

.26,8 

Switzerland 

Gold     

Franc  

.19,3 

Turkey 

Gold 

Piaster 

.04,4 

Uruguay 

Gold 

Peso 

1.03,4 

Gold 

.19,3 

The  coins  of  the  silver  standard  countries  are  valued  by  their  pure 
contents,  at  the  average  market  price  of  silver  for  the  three  months  pre- 
ceding the  date  of  this  circular.  fNot  including  Costa  Rica.  JThe  sovereign 
is  the  standard  coin  of  India,  but  the  rupee  (SO.32,4)  is  the  money  of  ac- 
count, current  at  15  to  the  sovereign.  §The  British  dollar  has  the  same 
value  as  the  Mexican  at  Hong  Kong  and  the  Straits  Settlements.   HCustoma. 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  19(77 


235 


THE  METRIC  SYSTEM  OF  WEIGHTS  AND 
MEASURES 

Length. — The  denominations  in  practical  use  are  millimetres   (mm.)» 
centimetres  (cm.),  metres  (m.),  and  kilometres  (km.) 

10  mm.=.l  cm. ;  100  cm.  =  1  m. ;  1,000  m.  =  1  km.     Note. — A  decimetre 
is  10  cm. 

Weight. — The  denominations  in  use  are  grams  (g.),  kilos  (kg.),  and  tons 
(metric  tons). 

1,000  g.=  1  kg.:  1,000  kg.=  1  metric  ton. 
Capacity. — The  denominations  in  use  are  cubic  centimetres  (c.c.)  and 
litres  (1.) 

1,000  c.c.=  1 1.     Note. — A  hectolitre  is  100 1.  (seldom  used). 
Relation  of  capacity  and  weight  to  length:  A  cubic  decimetre  is  a  litre, 
and  a  litre  of  water  weighs  a  kilo. 

Equivalents  for  Current  Use. 
A  metre  is  about  a  yard ;  a  kilo  is  about  2  pounds ;  a  litre  is  about  a  quart ; 
a  centimetre  is  about  i  inch;  a  metric  ton  is  about  the  same  as  a  ton;  a 
kilometre  is  about  i  mile ;  a  cubic  centimetre  is  about  a  thimbleful ;  a  nickel 
weighs  about  5  grams. 


Approxibiate  Equivalent 

lacre =       .40 

1  bushel =  35. 

1  centimetre =      .39 

1  cubic  centimetre ==       .  061 

1  cubic  foot =       .  028 

1  cubic  inch =  16. 

1  cubic  metre =  35 . 

1  cubic  metre =    1.3 

1  cubic  yard =       .76 

Ifoot =  30. 

IgaUon =    3.8 

1  grain =      .  065 

1  gram =  15. 

1  hectare =    2.5 

linch =  25. 

Ikilo =    2.2 

1  kilometre =       .62 

1  litre =      .91 

lUtre =    1.1 

1  metre =    3.3 

Imile =    1.6 

1  millimetre =       .039 

1  ounce  (av'd) =  28 . 

1  ounce  (Troy) =  31 . 

Ipeck =    8.8 

Ipint =       .47 

1  pound =       .45 

1  quart  (dry) =    1.1 

1  quart  (liquid) =       .95 

1  sq.  centimetre =       .15 

Isq.foot =       .093 

1  sq.  inch =    6.5 

1  sq.  metre =    1.2 

1  sq.  metre, =  11. 

1  sq.  yard =       .84 

1  ton  (2,000  lbs.) =       .91 

1  ton  (2,240  lbs.) =    1. 

1  ton  (metric) =    1.1 

1  ton  (metric) =      .98 

l^rarA , ,.,..,=      .91 


Precise  Equivalent 

hectare 4047 

Utres 35.24 

inch 3937 

cubic  inch 0610 

cubic  metre 0283 

cubic  centimetre 16 .  39 

cubic  feet 35 .  31 

cubic  yards 1 .  308 

cubic  metre 7645 

centimetres 30.48 

Utres 3.785 

gram 0648 

grains 15.43 

acres 2 .  471 

millimetres 25 .  40 

pounds 2.205 

mile 6214 

quart  (dry) 9081 

quart  (liquid) 1 .057 

feet 3.281 

kilometres l .  609 

inch 0394 

grams 28 .  35 

grams 31.10 

litres 8 .  809 

litre 4732 

kUo 4536 

litres 1.101 

Utre 9464 

sq.  inch 1550 

sq.  metre 0929 

sq.  centimetres 6.452 

sq.  yards 1 .  196 

sq.feet 10.76 

sq.  metre 8361 

metric  ton 9072 

metric  ton 1 .017 

ton  (2,000)  lbs 1 .  102 

ton  (2,240  lbs.) 9842 

metre , , .     .9144 


236  The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  tor  1907 


GREEK  CHURCH  (AND  RUSSIAN)  CALENDAR 
A.  D.  1907,  A.  M.  8016 

Old  Style  Holy  Days  New  Style 

The  Circumcision ...    Jan.  14 

Theophany  (Epiphany) Jan.  19 

Hypapante  (Purification) Feb.  15 

Carnival  Sunday Feb.  17 

, . . .  Ash  Wednesday Feb.  20 

...  First  Sunday  in  Lent Feb.  24 

Palm  Sunday March  31 

Good  Friday April  5 

Easter April  7 

...  St.  George May  6 

Ascension  Day May  16 

Pentecost May  26 

. . .  Coronation  of  Emperor* May  27 

. . .  Holy  Ghost May  27 

. . .  SS.  Peter  and  Paul  (Chief  Apostles)    July  12 

. . .  First  Day  of  Fast  of  Theotokos Aug.  14 

. . . Transfigvu  "^ion Aug.  19 

. . .  Repose  of  Theotokos Aug.  28 

...  St.  Alexander  Nevsky* Sept.  12 

. . .  Nativity  of  Theotokos Sept.  21 

. . .  Exaltation  of  the  Cross Sept.  27 

. . .  Patronage  of  Theotokos Oct.  14 

. . .  First  Day  of  Fast  of  Nativity Nov.  28 

. . .  Entrance  of  Theotokos Dec.  4 

Conception  of  Theotokos Dec.  22 

1908 

Dec.     25 Nativity  (Christmas) Jan.  7 

♦Peculiar  to  Russia. 


Jan. 

1 

Jan. 

6 

Feb. 

2 

Feb. 

4 

Feb. 

7 

Feb. 

11 

March  18 

March  23 

March  25 

April 

23 

May 

3 

Mav 

13 

May 

14 

May 

14 

June 

29 

Aug. 

1 

Aug. 

6 

Aug. 

15 

Aug. 

30 

Sept. 

8 

Sept. 

14 

Oct. 

1 

Nov. 

15 

Nov. 

21 

Dec. 

9 

The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907  337 

JEWISH  CALENDAR,  1907 
Year  5667  1907 

Sebat  1 New  Moon Jan.      16 

Adar  1 New  Moon Feb.      15 

Nisan         1 New  Moon March  16 

Nisan       15 Passover March  30 

lyar  1 New  Moon April    15 

lyar  14 Second  Passover April    28 

Sivan         1 New  Moon May     14 

Sivan         6 Pentecost May      19 

Tammuz    1 New  Moon June     13 

Tammuz  17 Fast  of  Tammuz June    29 

Ab  1 New  Moon July     12 

Ab  9 Fast  of  Ab  (Destruct.  of  Jerusalem)  .July     20 

Elul  1 New  Moon Aug.     11 

Year  5668 

Tisri  1 N.  M.  (New  Year)  Rosh  Hashonah .  .Sept.      9 

Tisri  3 Fast  of  Gedaliah Sept.    11 

Tisri         10 Fast  of  Atonement  (Yom  Kippur)  . . .  Sept.    18 

Tisri         15 Feast  of  Tabernacles Sept.    23 

Tisri         22 Feast  of  Eighth  Day Sept.    30 

Tisri         23 Feast  of  Rejoicing  with  the  Law Oct.        1 

Heshvan    1 New  Moon Oct.       9 

Kislev        1 New  Moon Nov.      7 

Kislev      25 Dedication  of  the  Temple Dec.       1 

Tebet         1 New  Moon Dec.       6 

Tebet       10 Fast  of  Tebet Dec.     15 

1908 

Sebat  1 New  Moon Jan.       4 

The  year  5667  is  an  ordinary  lunar  year  of  354  days. 

MOHAMMEDAN  CALENDAR,  1907 

Year Names  of  Months Month  begins  1907 

1324 Dhu'lhijja Jan.      16 

1325 Muharram Feb.     14 

1325 Safar March  16 

1325 Rabia  I AprU    14 

1325 Rabia  II May     14 

1325 Jumadhi  I June     12 

1325 Jumadhi  II July     12 

1325 Rajab Aug.     10 

1325 Shaban Sept.      9 

1325 Ramadhan Oct.        8 

1325 Shawal Nov.       7 

1325 Dhu'lkada Dec.       6 

1325 Dhu'lhijja Jan.  5,  1908 


238         The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907 

ORTHOGRAPHY  OF  FOREIGN  GEOGRAPHICAL 

NAMES 

On  this  vexed  question  the  British  Royal  Geographical  Society  in 
1885  proposed  a  system  of  transliteration  which  it  follows  and  which  has 
been  adopted  by  the  American  Geographical  Society  While  these  rules 
are  not  above  criticism,  their  adoption  by  these  two  great  societies  gives 
them  a  vogue  that  may  well  lead  Enghsh  speaking  missionaries  to  hesitate 
before  following  any  other  system.* 

The  rules  are  the  following : 

1.  No  change  to  be  made  in  the  spelling  of  names  in  countries  which 
use  Roman  letters. 

2.  No  change  to  be  made  in  the  spelling  of  names  familiar  bj[^  long 
usage  to  Enghsh  readers,  though  belonging  to  languages  not  written  in  the 
Roman  character;  as  Calcutta,  Cutch,  Celebes,  Mecca. 

3.  The  true  sound  of  the  word  as  locally  pronounced  to  be  taken  as 
the  basis  of  the  spelling. 

4.  An  approximation,  however,  to  the  sound  is  alone  aimed  at. 

5.  The  broad  features  of  the  system  are  that  vowels  are  ^pronounced 
as  in  Italian,  and  consonants  as  in  English. 

6.^  One  accent  only  is  used,  the  acute,  to  decide  the  syllable  on-  which 
stress  is  laid. 

7.  Every  letter  is  pronounced.  When  two  vowels  come  together, 
each  one  is  sounded  clearly,  however  rapidly. 

8.  Indian  names  are  accepted  as  spelled  in  Hunter's  "Gazetteer." 
In  detail  the  rules  are  as  follows : 

a — o  in  father;  Java,  Banana,  SomaU,  Bari. 

e — e  in  benefit;  Tel-el-Kebir,  Olelch,  Yezo,  Medina,  Levtika,  Peru. 

i — English  e;  i  as  in  ravine;  the  sound  of  ee  in  heet;  Fiji ;  Hindi. 

o — o  as  in  mote;  Tokio. 

u — long  u  as  in  flute;  the  sound  of  oo  in  hoot;  Zulu,  Sumatra. 

All  vowels  are  shortened  in  sound  by  doubUng  the  following  consonant: 
Yarra,  Tanna,  Mecca,  Jidda,  Bonny. 

DoubUng  of  a  vowel  is  only  necessary  where  there  is  a  distinct  repetition 
of  the  single  sound:  Nuulua,  Oosima. 
ai — English  i  as  in  ice;  Shanghai. 
au — ow  as  in  how;  Fuchau. 
ao— sUghtly  different  from  above ;  Macao, 
ei — is  the  sound  of  the  two  ItaUan  vowels,  but  is  frequently  slurred  over, 

when  it  is  scarcely  to  be  distinguished  from  ey  in  the  English   they; 

Beirut,  BeiKil. 
b — EngUsh  h. 
c — ^is  always  soft,  but  is  so  nearly  the  sound  of  s  that  it  should  be  seldom 

used;  Celebes.     If  Celebes  were  not  already  recognized  it  would    be 

written  Selebes. 
ch — is  always  soft,  as  in  church;  Chingchin. 
d — English  d. 

i — EngUsh  /;  ph  should  not  be  used  for  the  sound  of  /;  Haifong,  Nafa. 
g — is  always  hard  (soft  g  is  given  by  f) ;  Galdpagos. 
h — is  always  pronounced  when  inserted. 

j — EngUsh  j;  Dj  should  never  be  put  for  this  sound;  Japan,  Jinchuen. 
k — EngUsh  k;  it  should  always  be  put  for  the  hard  c;  Korea, 
kh — the  Oriental  guttural  h  which  cannot  be  represented  by  k. 
-h — is  another  guttural  ^  as  in  the  Turkish  Dagh,  Ghazi. 


?F 


-as  in  EngUsh. 


ng — ^has  two  separate  sounds,  one  hard  as  in  the  EngUsh  word  finger,  the 
other  as  in  singer;  as  these  two  sounds  are  rarely  employed  in  the  same 
locaUty,  no  attempt  is  made  to  distinguish  between  them. 

p — as  in  EngUsh. 

*  For  assistance  in  this  matter  our  thanks  are  due  to  Mr.  Geonce  C. 
Hurlbut,  Librarian  of  the  American  Geographical  Society. 


The  Blue  Book  of  Missions  for  1907         239 

q — should  never  be  employed;  qu  is  rendered  kw;  Kwangtung. 
r   "^ 


;  in  English;  Sawdkin. 


X 

y — ^is  always  a  consonant,  as  in  yard,  and  therefore  should  never  be  used  as 
a  terminal,  i  or  e  being  substituted.  Thus,  not  Mikindany,  but  Mikin- 
dani ;  not  Kwaly,  but  Kwale. 

z — English  2;  Zulu. 

Accents  should  not  generally  be  used,  but  where  there  is  a  very  decided 

emphatic  syllable  or  stress,  which  affects  the  sound  of  the  word,  it  should 

be  marked  by  an  acute  accent:  Tongatdbu,  Galapagos,  Palawan,  Sardwak. 


PROTESTANT   MISSIONS   TO    THE  JEWS 

{Received  too  late  for  insertion  in  its  proper  place.) 

In  April  1870  a  meeting  of  members  of  ten  or  more  Protes- 
tant organizations  laboring  for  the  conversion  of  the  Jews  was 
held  in  Berlin.  It  proved  so  useful  that  similar  conferences 
of  Jewish  missionaries  have  since  been  held  at  Berlin  in  1883, 
at  Barmen  in  1890,  at  x^eipzig  In  1895,  at  Cologne  in  1900, 
and  at  London  in  1903.  These  coneferences  gradually  assumed 
a  general  and  international  character.  A  seventh  Inter- 
national Jemsh  Missionary  Conference  was  held  at  Amster- 
dam in  April,  1906.  Representatives  from  24  organizations, 
in  eight  different  countries,  laboring  among  Jews,  were  pres- 
ent at  this  seventh  conference,  including  two  delegates  from 
the  United  States.  A  general  list  of  Protestant  Missions  to 
the  Jews  prepared  by  the  Pev.  Louis  Meyer,  of  the  Chicago 
Hebrew  Mission,  was  presented  at  this  meeting.  This  list 
gives  brief  notes  characterizing  each  mission  or  society,  and 
shows  the  number  of  such  organizations  to  be  112.  These 
missions  and  societies  carry  on  work  in  97  centres,  and  have 
their  headquarters  distributed  as  follows: 

In  Great  Britain  and  Ireland,  38;  in  Germany,  9;  in 
Switzerland,  2 ;  in  France,  1 ;  in  Holland,  3 ;  in  Norway,  1 ; 
in  Sweden,  1 ;  in  Denmark,  1 ;  in  Russia,  3 ;  in  Egypt,  1 ;  in 
South  Africa,  3 ;  in  Syria,  1 ;  in  Aden,  Arabia,  1 ;  in  India,  3 ; 
in  Australia,  1 ;  in  the  United  »States,  40 ;  in  Canada,  3. 

The  report  of  this  important  Conference,  by  Dr.  Hermann 
Strack,  of  the  Institution  Juddicum,  Berlin,  may  be  obtained 
from  the  Chicago  Hebrew  Mission,  22  Solon  Place,  Chicago. 


INDEX 


Abbreviations  for  Names  of  So- 
cieties, 201. 

Abyssinia,  13,  18. 

Advent  Ohrisiian  Women's  Mis- 
sionary Society,  161. 

Afghanistan.  45,  219. 

Africa,  13-37;  Christianity  in,  82; 
French  education  in,  89;  Popula- 
tion, 91-93. 

African  Methodist  Episcopal 
Missionary  Society,  23,  31,  41, 
44.  101,  189. 

African  Methodist  Episcopal  Zion 
Cnurch  Missionary  Society,  101. 

African  Training  Institute,  122. 

Agra,  54,  75. 

Alexandria,  79. 

Algeria,  13,  79. 

All  Nations  Miss.  Union,  122. 

American  Advent  Christian  Help- 
ers' Union,  161. 

American         Advent        Missionary 
Union,  101,  189. 

American  Baptist  Home  Mission- 
ary Society,  102;  Women's  So- 
cieties, 162. 

American  Baptist  Missionary 
Union,  14,  48,  52,  58,  62,  68,  102, 
189, 198.     Women's  Societies,  162. 

American  Bible  Society,  177. 

American      Board      Commissioners 
for  Foreign  Missions,   14,  32,  33, 
34,  37,  46,  48,  52,  58,  64,  69,  71, 
103,  189,  198. 
Women's  Societies,  163. 

American  Christian  Missionary 
Society,  104. 

American  Church  Missionary  So- 
ciety, 40,  104. 

American  Friends  Board  of  For. 
Missions,  15,  44,  64,  104,  189. 

American  Miss.  Assoc,  105. 

American  Ramabai  Assoc,  171. 

American  Tract  Society,  180. 

American  Unitarian  Assoc,  105. 

Ancestor  Worship,  48. 

Angola,  13. 

Angoni,  14. 

Animists,  Statistics,  89-95. 

Annam,  51. 

Archbishop's  Mission  to  Assyrian 
Christians,  122. 

Argentina,  39. 


Armenia  and  India  Relief  Assoc, 
148. 

Ashantiland,  20. 

Asia,  population  of,  94, 

Assam  revival,  83. 

Associate  Reformed  Presbyterian 
Synod  of  the  South,  105. 

Austral  Islands,  72. 

Australian  Methodist  Miss.  Ass., 
68,  70,  71,  72,  141,  193. 

Australian  Presbyterian  Mis- 
sionary Society,  59,  193;  Wo- 
men's Society,  174. 

Australian  Board  of  Missions, 
141. 

Babis,  60. 

Bahrein  Islands,  45. 

Balaghat  Mission,  146,  191. 

Baluchistan,  45. 

Bangkok,  78. 

Bantu  tribes,  20,  29. 

Baptist  Convention  of  the  Mari- 
time Provinces  of  Canada,  144, 
193;    Women's  Societies,  174. 

Baptist  Convention  of  Ontario  and 
Quebec,  40,  144,  193;  Women's 
Societies,  174. 

Baptist  Foreign  Missionary  So- 
ciety of  New  South  Wales,  142, 
193 

Baptist  Miss.  Soc,  14,  16,  46,  49,  52, 
123,  191. 

Baptist  Zenana  Missionary  So- 
ciety, 49,  53,  171,  191. 

Barotsiland,  33. 

Basel  Evangelical  Missionary  So- 
ciety, 21 ,  49, 53. 160, 196.  Women's 
Society,  177. 

Bastards  of  South  Africa,  20. 

Basutoland,  29. 

Batavia,  75. 

Bathoen,  30. 

Bechuanaland  Protectorate,  30. 

Beira,  25,  33. 

Belgians  in  Congo  State,  16. 

Benjaminoff  of  Moscow,  61. 

Berlin  Missionary  Society,  19,  31, 
32,  34,  49.  150,  195.;  Women's 
Society,  176. 

Bethel  Santal  Mission,  146. 

Betsileo,  24. 

Bible  in  Afghanistan,  45;  in  Annam, 
51;  in  China,  50;  in  Japan,  57; 
in  Persia,  60;    at  Singapore,  67. 


241 


242 


Index 


Bible  in  Roman  Catholic  Church,  88; 

in  Turkey,  64;  in  Yorubaland,  22. 
Bible  Land  Missions'    Aid  Society, 

123. 
Bible  Societies,  177,  85,  50. 
Bible  Translation  Society,  179. 
Bible  Versions,  Number  of,  230. 
Bida,  79. 
Blantyre,  14. 
Blind,  Females  in  China,  176,  195, 

Murray's  Mission  to,  140. 
Bogota,  80. 
Bokhara,  46,  75. 
Bolivia,  40,  111. 
Bombay,  54,  75. 
Bonaco  Island,  38. 
Books  for  Missionary  libraries,  215. 
Borneo,  64,  65,  111. 
Boxers,  50. 

Brazil,  40;    cities  in,  79. 
Breklum  Miss.  Soc,  53,  151,  195. 
Brethren  in  Christ,  105. 
British  and  Foreign  Bible  Society, 

178. 
British  Borneo,  64. 
British  Central  Africa,  14. 
British  E.  Africa  Protectorate,  14. 
British  Guiana,  40. 
British  Honduras,  38. 
British  Society  for  Propagation  of 

the  Gospel  among  the  Jews,  64, 

124. 
British  Somaliland,  15. 
British  S.  Africa  Company,  28,  33. 
British  Syrian  Mission  Schools,    64, 

172,   191. 
Buddhism,     46;       opposition,     61; 

statistics,  95. 
Buenos  Aires,  79. 
Bulawayo,  33. 
Bureau  of  Missions,  188. 
Burma,  52,  55. 
Cable  Telegraph  Rates,  232. 
Cairo,  79;    conference  at,  82. 
Calcutta,  54,  75. 
Calendar,  Greek  and  Russian,  236; 

Jewish,  237;    Mohammedan,  237. 
Cambodia,  51. 

Canadian  Bible  Society,  179. 
Canton,  75. 
Cape  Colony,  31. 
Cape  Town,  79. 
Cape  de  Verde  Islands,  26. 
Caracas,  80. 
Central  America,  38 
Central    American    Missionary    So- 
ciety, 38,  39,  105,  190. 
Central  Morocco  Mission,  124. 
Ceylon,  46. 
Ceylon  and  India  General  Mission, 

124. 
Chaco  of  Paraguay,  42. 
Chad  Lake.  21,  24. 


Clmggas,  142. 

Ciiandarnagar,  51. 

Che-kiang,  47. 

Chile,  41. 

Chi-li,  47. 

China,  46,  102,  113;  Bible  in,  50; 
education,  50,  100;  Japan  and, 
57;  largest  cities,  75;  literati  in; 
50;  opportunity  in,  50;  prov- 
inces,jj47;  progress  in,  83, 88;  Tibet, 
63. 

China,  Christian  Literature  Society 
for,  182. 

China  Inland  Mission,  124,  191. 

Chinese  Christians  in  America,  87. 

Chinese,  Society  for  Diffusion  of 
Christian  and  General  Knowl- 
edge among,  182. 

Chinese  Turkestan,  47. 

Chittagong,  123. 

Chota  Nagpur,  152. 

Christian  and  Missionary  Alliance, 
28,  39,  42,  43,  44,  106,  189. 

Christian  Church,  Mission  Board  of 
the,  106.  189;  Women's  So- 
cieties, 164. 

Christian  Faith,  Society  for  Ad- 
vancing, 125. 

Christianity  gives  initiative,  32. 

Christian  Knowledge,  Society  for 
Promoting,  181. 

Christian  liiterature,  177. 

Christian  Literature  Social  y  for 
China,  182. 

Christian  Literature  Society  for 
India,  183. 

Christian  Mission  (PB),  125,  191. 

Christian  School  of  Arts  and  Crafts, 
148. 

Christian  Womei^'s  Board  of  Mis- 
sions, 164,  189. 

Chronology  of  Missions,  206. 

Church  Miss.  Soc,  15.  17,  19,  24, 
25,  28,  35,  46,  49,  53,  58,  60,  64, 
125.  191. 

Church  of  England  in  Canada,  145. 

Church  of  England  Zenana  Mis- 
sionary Society,  46,  49,  53,  58, 
67,  125.  172,  191. 

Church  of  Scotland  Foreign  Mis- 
sions, 14,15;  Jews,  Committee  of, 
64;    Woman's  Association,  173. 

Coins,  Foreign;    value  of,  233,  234. 

Colombia,  41. 

Col.  and  Con.  Church  Soc.  126. 

Colonial  Misaionary  Society,  127. 

Conferences  of  Foreign  Mission- 
ary Societies,  186;  in  Germany, 
213 

Congo  Free  State,  16,  37,  82,  87; 
atrocities  in.  16,  101 . 

Congregational  Home  Missionary 
Society.  106. 


Index 


243 


Constantinople,  84. 

Converts  work  for  Christ,  86. 

Cook  Iblands,  71. 

Corisco  Island,  26. 

Costa  Rica,  38. 

Cuba,  44. 

Cumberland     Presbyterian     Board, 

107,  189;    Woman's  Board,  165. 
Dahomey,  16. 

Dalai  Lama,  62. 

Danish-Halle  Mission,  142. 

Danish  ^liss.  Soc,  149,  195. 

Danish  (United)  Evangelical 
Lutheran  Church  in  America, 107. 

Dar  es  Salam,  138. 

Deaconess  Institute,  Kaiserwerth, 
176. 

Deaconesses  in  Togoland,  35. 

Dennis,  Rev.  James  S.,  230. 

Dublin  University  Mission  to  Chota 
Nagpur,  127. 

Durban,  79. 

Dutch  East  Indies,  65;  Moham- 
medanism in,  85. 

Dutch  Guiana  (Surinam),  41. 

East  India  Company,  219. 

Ecuador,  42. 

Edinburgh  Medical  Missionary  Soci- 
ety, 64    127. 

Egypt,  17. 

Egypt,  Association  for  the  Fur- 
therance of  Christianity  in,   127. 

Egypt  General  Mission,  17,  127,  191. 

Egypt;  Union  for  the  Prop,  of  the 
Gospel  in,  157,  196. 

Elim,  149. 

ElUce  Islands,  72. 

Episcopal  Church  of  Scotland. 
Missions  of,  31,  132. 

Eritrea,  18. 

Ermelo     Missionarv    Society,     157. 

Ethiopian  Movement,  20,  31,  34. 

Europeans    in    Mission    fields,    33. 

EvangeUcal  Association,  107,  189. 
Woman's  Society,  165. 

Famine,  30.  33. 

Federated  Malay  States,  66. 

Fernando  Po  Island,  26. 

Fez,  79. 

Fields,  choice  of,  11. 

Fiji  Islands,  71. 

Finnish  Miss.  Soc,  20,  49,  150,  195. 

Fo-kien,  47. 

Foreign  Christian  Missionary  So- 
ciety, 44.  64,  68.  108  190;  Mis- 
sions in  Europe,  198. 

Formosa.  56 

Fourah  Ba>'  College.  28. 

Free    Bantist    General    Conference, 

108,  189;    Woman's  Society,  165. 
Free     Methodist      Missionary     So- 
ciety of  North  America,  25.  32, 
]08,  189;    Woman's  Society.  165. 


Trench  Congo,  18. 

French  Guiana,  42. 

French  Guinea,  18. 

French  India,  51. 

French  Indo-China,  51, 

French  Somaliland,  19. 

Friends'   Africa  Industrial  Mission, 

15,  148. 
Friends'  For.  Mis.  Ass. ,  23 ,  128, 191. 
Friendly  Islands,  72. 
Furreedpore  Mission,  142,  193. 
Gallas.  15,  137. 
Gambia,  19. 
Gambler  Islands,  "^ 
General       EvangeUcal      Protestant 

Missionary      Society      (German), 

49   58,  152,  195. 
German  Baptists  of  Berlin,  22,  151, 

195. 
German   Baptist    Brethren  Church, 

109.  190. 
German  East  Africa,  19. 
German   E.   Africa    Miss.    Soc,   19, 

152,  195. 
German      EvangeUcal      Synod      of 

North  America,  109,  225. 
German    Mission    to    the    Blind   in 

China,  176,  195. 
German  South  West  Africa,  20. 
German  Woman's   Society  for  Ed- 
ucation of  Women  in  the  East, 

176,  195. 
Germany.    Missionary   Conferences, 

213;   missionary  news,  215;   year 

book  of  missions,  214. 
Gilbert  Islands,  70. 
Gold  Coast  Colony,  20,  148. 
Gospel  .suited  to  all,  85. 
Gospel  Miss.  Union,  24,  42,  109. 
Gossner  Miss.  Soc,  53.  152,  195. 
Governments  and   Missions,  218. 
Great  Britain,  government  attitude 

on  missions  to  MusUms,  219. 
Growth  a  test  of  missions,  81. 
Guam,  70. 
Guatemala,  38. 
Hainan  Island,  47. 
Haiti,  44. 

Hannington,  Bishop,  219. 
Hannover  Free  Church  Missionary 

Society,  153,  19.5. 
Harrison,  Benjamin,  222. 
Harvard  Missionary  Society,  109. 
Hauge's  Synod  China  Mission,  109, 

190. 
Hawaii  ,69. 
Hawaiian   Evangelical    Association, 

110:    Women's  Board,  164. 
Hephzibah  Faith  Mission,  110,  190. 
Hereros.  20. 
Hermannsburg  Missionaiy  Society, 

31,  32,  34,  53,  153,  195. 
Hervey  Islands  71. 


244 


Index 


Hindiiism,  weakness  of,  55,  56; 
numerical  strength  of,  97. 

Holiness  Union,  159. 

Home  Missions,  Canada,  145; 
United  States,  101,  102,  104,  105, 
106,107,108,109,  110.  112,  114, 
116,  117,  118,  119,  120,  121,  161, 
162,  164,  165,  166.  167,  169,  170. 

Ho-nan,  47. 

Honduras,  38. 

Honolulu,  84. 

Hottentots,  20. 

Hu-nan,  47. 

Hu-pei,  47. 

Ik-vrezi  Lamaci  Mission,  128. 

Ilorin,  79. 

India,  51,  83,  132;  cities  in,  55; 
National  Missionary  Society,  87; 
mutiny,  220;    religions  in  55,  88. 

Indian  Home  Mission  to  the  San- 
tals,  146.  194. 

Industrial  and  Evang.  Mission, 
India,  146.. 

Industrial  Miss.  Aid  Soc,  148. 

Insane  Hospital,  129. 

Interdenominational  Conference  in 
South  Africa,  34. 

International  Medical  Missionary 
Society,  110. 

International  Missionary  Union, 
187. 

Italian  Somaliland,  21. 

Italy,  cities  in,  73;  missions  in,  198. 

Ivory  Coast,  21. 

Jaffa  Medical  Mission  and  Hospi- 
tal, 129,  191. 

Jamaica  Baotist  Missionary  So- 
ciety, 39,  147,  194. 

Jamaica  Church  of  England,  147, 
194. 

Japan,  56,  84,  102,  113;  Buddhism 
in,  88;  cities  in,  77;  Korea  and, 
59;    strategic  value,  57. 

Java  Committee,  66,     157,  196. 

Jerusalem  and  the  East  Mission, 
129. 

Jerusalem  Society,  153,  195. 

Jews:  British  Society  for  the 
Propagation  of  the  Gospel  amonn;, 
124;  Church  of  Scotland  Missir^n 
to.  131;  London  Society  to,  129; 
Mildmay  Mission  to,  131;  Pres- 
byterian Church  of  England  R?is- 
sion  to,  127;  Presbyterian  ^hnrr-h 
in  Ireland  Mission  to.  123;  Pro- 
testant  Missions  to,  239. 

Johannesburg,  79. 

Kaiserwerth  Deaconess  Society. 
17,  176. 

Kaiser  Wilhelm's  land,  67. 

Kamerun,  21,  148. 

Kandas,  154. 

Kauo,  79. 


Kan-8u,  47. 
Karikal,  51. 
Khama,  30. 
Khiva,  68. 
Kiang-si,  47. 
Kiang-su,  47. 
Kiel  China  Mission,  153. 
Kols,  lu2. 

Korea,  68.  59,  84,  113; 
Kumiai  v^hurches,  103. 
Kurku     and    Central     Indian    Hill 
Mission,  129. 

twala  Lumpor,  78. 
wang-si,  47. 
wang-tung,  47. 

Kwai-chau,  47. 

Labaree,  B.  W.,  60. 

Labrador.  132. 

Lagos,  22,25, 

Laos,  51,  62. 

Largest    Cities,    population    of,    73. 

Lebanon  Hosoital  for  the  Insane, 
129. 

Leeward  Isl.ands  (Polynesia),  72. 

Lieozis;  'Missionary  Society,  19, 
53, 154  105;  Woman's  Society,  177. 

Lepers  in  India  and  the  East,  148; 
in  Jerusalem  and  elsewhere,  148. 

Lhasa.  62. 

Liberia,  22. 

Likoma  Island.  14. 

Lima,  80. 

Liquor  tr.ade,  22,  26. 

London  Jews  Society,  17,  36,  60, 
64,  129. 

London  ^Missionary  Society,  23, 
31,  33,  6S,  70,  71,  72,  130,  191. 

Loveathal's  Llission,  149,  195. 

Loya'ty  Is'r'n.^s.  70. 

Liith^.rin  United  Synod  of  the  South, 
112,  193. 

L  thor  in    ("'ree  '^'hurch)  Board  of 
is«i   ns.  11  t .  19'). 

Lutheran  "^f  ncral  Coun^^il  in  N.  A., 
Foreign  lissi 'ns.  111,  190;  Wo- 
men's  >o'  ietv,  161. 

Lutheran  Chun  h  of  U.  S.  A. 
(General  Si/nod),  23,  111,  190.  _ 

Lutheran  Joint  Synod  of  Ohio 
and  other  States,  Foreign  Mis- 
sions, 111. 

Lushai  Hills,  123. 

Ma-Donald,  Gen.,  62. 

Madagas  ar,  23;    exiles  from,  42. 

Madras  54,  75. 

Mahe,  51. 

Mahdi,  35. 

Malabar,  54,  160. 

Malacca,  67. 

Malay  Peninsula,  66. 

Managua,  39. 

Manchuria,  47,  134,  149. 

Manila,  78. 


Index 


245 


Mare,  70. 

Marshall  Islands,  70. 

Marquesas  Islands,  72. 

Matabililand,  33. 

Mauritius,  24. 

McKinley,  William,  222. 

Medical  Miss.  Ass.  of  London,  130. 

Medical  Mission  Union,  154. 

Melanesia,  69,  94. 

Melanesian  Mission,  70,  130,  143. 

Mengo,  37. 

Mennonite  Mission  Board,  112. 

Mennonite    Union    (.Holland),    157, 

196 
Methodist  Church  in  Canada,  145, 193; 

Women's  Societies,  175. 
Methodist      Episcopal      Missionary 

Society    (U.    S.    A.),    14,    23,    25, 

33,  39,  40,  41,  42,  43,  44,  59,  64, 

67,  68,  112,  190;    Women's  Soci- 
eties, 166. 

Methodist  Episcopal  (South)  Mis- 
sionary Society,  40,  59,  113,  190, 
Women's  Societies,  166. 

Methodist  Miss.  Soc.  of  Australasia, 

68.  70,  71.  72.  141. 
Methodist     New     Connexion     Mis- 
sionary Society,  131,  191;  Wom- 
en's Auxiliary,  172. 

Methodist  Protestant  Church  Board 
of  Missions.  114,  191;  Women's 
Society,  167. 

Metric  System,  235. 

Mexico,  37;  cities,  80t 

Micronesia,  70,  94. 

Mildmay  Institutions  and  Mis- 
sions, 130;  Women  Workers,  172. 

Mindanao,  104. 

Mission  Boards  of  the  United 
States  and  Canada,  Annual 
Conference  of,  187. 

Missionaries  and  Governments,  218. 

Missionary  Pence  Ass.,  122. 

Miss  Trotter's  Miasion  Schools,  13. 

Mohanunedanism.  Africa,  15.  21, 
35:  Converts,  66;  governments' 
attitude,  27,  35.  220;  India.  56; 
Persia.  60;  South  America,  40; 
Turkey,  64. 

Mongolia,  47. 

Montevideo,  80. 

Moody  Bible  Inst.  Colportage  Ass., 
181. 

Moravian  Missionary  Work,  19,  31, 
40,  41,  114.  131,154,  195. 

Mormons,  69,  94. 

Morocco,  24. 

Moskito  Coast.  39. 

Mulgrave  Island,  149. 

Murray's  Mission  to  the  Blind  in 
China,  125,191. 

Namaquas,  20. 

Natal,  31,  80.  82. 


National  Baptist  Convention,  31, 
32,  41,  44,  114. 

Native  Workers,  73,  81,  86. 

Neesima,  Joseph,  57. 

Negro  problem  in  S.  Africa,  29. 

Nepal,  59. 

Nestorians.  122. 

Netherlands  Bible  Society,  180. 

Netherlands  Miss.  Soc.  66,  157,  196. 

Netherlands  Mennonite  Mission- 
ary Society,  66.  157.  196. 

Netherlands  Missionary  Union,  66, 
158,  196. 

Netherlands  Reformed  Church  Mis- 
sionary Society,  66.  157,  196. 

Neuendettelsau  Missionary  Soci- 
ety, 68.  155.  195. 

Neuenkirchen  Mission  Institute,  15, 
68,  155,  195. 

New  England  Company,  132. 

New  Guinea,  67.  158. 

New  Jerusalem  in  U.  S.  A.,  114. 

Ngan-hwei.  47. 

New  Zealand  Bapt.  Miss.  Soc,  144, 
194. 

Nicaragua,  39. 

Nicolai,  Bishop,  57. 

Niger  River,  24. 

Nigeria,  24,  137. 

Norfolk  Island,  143. 

North  Africa  Mission,  13,  24,  36, 
132.  191. 

North  China  Mission,  132.  191. 

North  German  Miss.  Soc.  35,  156, 
195. 

North  India  School  of  Medicine, 
115,  132,  175. 

Norwegian  Church  Mission  of 
Schreuder,  158,  196. 

Norwegian  Lutheran  Church  in 
America,  115. 

Norwegian  Lutheran  China  Mis- 
sion Association,  49,  158,  196. 

Norwegian  Missionary  Society,  23, 
32,  158,  196. 

Nyassa  Lake,  14.  20. 

Nyassa  Industrial  Mission,  133,  192. 

Obock,  19. 

Oceania.  69,  81;    Population  of,  94. 

Oman,  59. 

Oran.  79. 

Orange  River  Colony,  32. 

Orthography,  Geographical,  238. 

Otago  Bible  Society,  180. 

Outposts,  value  of,  11. 

Ovambo  tribes,  20. 

Pagan  revival,  26,  34;    power,  32. 

Palestine  and  Lebanon  Nurses* 
Mission,  172. 

Panama,  39. 

Papuan  Industries,  68,  149. 

Paraguay,  42. 


246 


Index 


Paris  Evangelical  Society,  18,  23, 
27,  29,  33,  42.  70,  72,  150,  195. 

Patagonia,  113. 

Pemba  Island,  15. 

Penang,  66. 

Peshawar,  219, 

Persia,  59. 

Peru,  43. 

Philafrican  Mission,  14, 

Philippine  Islands,  68. 

Plymouth  Brethren,  13,  16,  31,  32, 
37,  40,  41,  42,  43,  49,  52,  67,  125, 
191. 

Polygamy,  21. 

Polynesia,  71,  94. 

Pondicherry,  51,  54. 

Pongas  Mission,  19, 

Poona  and  Indian  Village  Mission, 
147. 

Population  tables:  Africa,  91; 
Asia,  94;  largest  cities,  73; 
Malaysia,  95;  Melanesia,  96; 
Micronesia,  96;  Polynesia,  96; 
World,  97. 

Port  Louis,  79. 

Porto  Novo,  17, 

Porto  Rico,  45. 

Port  of  Spain,  80, 

Portuguese  East  Africa,  25. 

Portuguese  Guinea,  26, 

Postage  Rates,  231. 

Presbyterian  Church  in  Australia, 
142,  193;    Women's  Society,  174. 

Presbyterian  Church  in  Canada 
Foreign  Missionary  Society,  40, 
59,  145,  193;  Women's  Society, 
175. 

Presbyterian  Church  of  England, 
67,  127,  128;  Women's  Society, 
172,  192. 

Presbyterian  Church  in  Ireland 
Foreign  Missions,  128,  192. 

Presbyterian  Church  in  New  Zeal- 
and, 144,  193. 

Presbyterian  Board  (N)  Foreign 
Missions,  18,  21,  26,  38,  40,  41,  43, 
59,  60,  62,  64,  68,  69,  115,  190; 
Women's  Societies,  167,  168. 

Presbyterian  Board  (N)  Home 
Missions,  116;  Women's  Soci- 
ety, 169. 

Presbyterian  (S)  Foreign  Mis- 
sionary Society,  40,  44,  59,  116, 
190. 

Primitive  Meth.  Miss,  Soc,  26, 
117,  133,  192. 

Progress  in  Mission  Field,  80;  its 
meaning,  90. 

Protection  of  Missionaries,  219. 

Protestant  Episcopal  Domestic  and 
Foreign  Missionary  Society,  23, 
44,  68,  117,  190;  Women's  Aux- 
iliary, 169. 


Punjab,  219. 

Qua  Iboe  Mission,  133,  192, 

Queensland  Bapt.  Miss,  Soc,  142, 
193. 

Ranaghat  Medical  Mission,  147. 

Reformed  Church  in  America,  45, 
64,  117,  190;  Women's  Societies, 
169. 

Reformed  Church  in  America 
Board  of  Domestic  Missions, 
117;    Women's  Ex.  Com.,  169. 

Reformed  Church  in  U.  S.  (German), 
118,  190;  Women's  Societies,  170. 

Reformed  Churches  in  the  Nether- 
lands, 157,  196. 

Reformed  Episcopal  Church  .n  the 
United  States,  118. 

Reformed  Presbyterian  Church  in 
Ireland    128. 

Reformed  Presbyterian  Church  of 
N.  A.,  64,  119,  191. 

Reformed  Presbyterian  Church  of 
Scotland,  132. 

Regions  Beyond  Missionary 

Union,  39,  43,  133,  192. 

Religions  of  the  World,  95. 

Religious  Tract  Society,  182. 

Rhen.  Miss.  Soc,  20,  31,  66,  68,  156, 
195. 

Rhodesia,  33. 

Rights  of  Missionaries,  219. 

Rio  de  Oro,  26. 

Rio  Muni,  26. 

Roatan    Island,    38. 

Roman  Catholic  Missions:  Al- 
geria, 13;  Angola,  14;  British 
East  Africa  Protectorate,  15; 
Congo  Free  State,  16;  Daho- 
mey, 16;  Egypt,  17;  Eritrea, 
18;  French  Congo,  18;  French 
Guinea,  19;  German  East  Afri- 
ca, 19;  German  South  West 
Africa,  20;  Gold  Coast  Colony, 
21;  Kamerun,  21;  Lagos,  22; 
Mauritius,  24;  Nigeria,  25; 
Portuguese  East  Africa,  25; 
Portuguese  Guinea,  26;  Rio 
Muni,  26;  Sahara,  27;  Sierra 
Leone,  28;  Basutoland,  29; 
Cape  Colony,  31;  Togoland,  35; 
Uganda,  26;  French  Guiana, 
42;  Ceylon,  46;  China,  48; 
French  India,  51;  French  Indo- 
China,  51;  India,  54;  Japan, 
56;  Korea,  59:  Persia,  60; 
Turkey,  63;  Dutch  East  Indies, 
65;  Malay  Peninsula,  67;  New 
Guinea,  68:  Melanesia,  69;  Gil- 
bert Islands,  70;  Fiji  Islands, 
70;  French  Polynesia,  72;  So- 
cieties and  Orders  engaged  in. 
Missions,  224, 


Index 


247 


Roman  Catholic  versions  of  the 
Bible,  89. 

Roosevelt,  Theodore,  223. 

Rosario,  79. 

Roumania,  74. 

Russia,  60;    cities  in  Asiatic,  78. 

Russian  Church  Missions,  57,  61. 

Russo-Japanese  War,  57. 

Sahara,  27. 

Salvador,  39. 

Salvation  Army,  31,  39,  46,  183. 

Samarang,  75. 

Samoa,  71. 

Sangir  and  Talaut  Island  Mis- 
sionary Committee,  66. 

Santiago,  Chile,  80. 

Santo  Domingo,  Republic  of,  44. 

Scandinavian  Alliance  of  N.  A., 
119,  190. 

Scotland,  Foreign  Missionary  Com- 
mittee of  the  Church  of,  134, 
192;  Jews,  Committee  of,  134; 
Women's  Association,  173. 

Scotland,  National  Bible  Society 
of,  179. 

Scotland,  Foreign  Mission  Com- 
mittee of  the  Reformed  Presby- 
terian Church  of,  134. 

Scotland,  Foreign  Mission  Com- 
mittee of  the  United  Free  Church 
of,  134,  192:  Women's  Foreign 
Missions  of  the,  173. 

Scotland,  Episcopal  Church  in,  135. 

Sebele,  30. 

Senegal,  27. 

Senegambia,  27. 

Seoul,  77. 

Seventh  Day  Adventist  General 
Conference,  39,  40,  41,  64,  69, 
119,  190. 

Seventh  Day  Bapt.  Miss.  Soc,  119, 
190. 

Shan-si,  47. 

Shan-tung,  47. 

Shen-si,  47. 

Siam,  61 

Sierra  "Leone,  27. 

Sierra  Leone  Mission,  135. 

Singapore,  66,  67. 

Societies  in  Great  Britian  and 
Ireland    122,  191. 

Society  for  the  Propagation  of  the 
Gospel,  18,  23.  24,  25,  31.  32,  40, 
46,  59,  62,  65,  67,  68,  135,  191. 

Society  Islands,  72. 

Societies  in  the  United  States,  101, 
189. 

Sokoto,  25. 

South  Africa,  28,  34. 

South  Africa  Dutch  Ref.  Church, 
14,  139;  in  Orange  River  Colony, 
140. 


S.  Africa  General  Miss.  Soc,  32, 
136,  192. 

South  African  Wesleyan  Methodist 
Miss.  Soc,  140. 

South  America  Evangelical  Mis- 
sionary Society,  39,  40,  43,  136, 
192. 

South  American  Missionary  So- 
ciety, 39,  40,  41.  42,  136,  192. 

South  Australian  Baptist  Mis- 
sionary Society,  143 

Southern  Baptist  Convention,  40, 
119,  190;    Women's  Society-,  170, 

Southern  Morocco  Mission,  1^6,  192. 

Spain,  cities  in,  74. 

Stanley,  H.  M.,  36. 

Statistics  of  the  Religions  of  the 
World,  95 — of  Foreign  Missionary 
Societies,  189. 

Straits  Settlements,  66. 

Strategic  Points  in  Missions,  11,  28. 

Strict  Baptist  Mission,  136. 

Student  Volunteer  Movement,  89, 
184. 

Sudan,  34,  89;    western,  27,  34,  37. 

Sudan  Pioneer  Missionary  Society 
(German),  17,  156. 

Siidan  United  Mission,  120,  137, 
146. 

Sumatra,  85,  144. 

Surabaya,  75. 

Surinam,  41. 

Swedish  Church  Missionary  So- 
ciety, 32,  53,  159,  196;  Women's 
Society,  159. 

Swedish  Mission  m  China,  160. 

Swedish  Evangelical  Mission  Cove- 
nant in  America,  120. 

Swedish  Evangelical  National  So- 
ciety, 18,  53,  159,  196. 

Swedish  P'emale  Mission  Workers, 
36,  177. 

Swedish    Holiness    Union,    32,    159, 

Swed.  Miss.  Soc,  13,  60,  159,  196. 

Swiss  Romande  Missionary  Society, 
25,  34,  161,  196. 

Sze-chwan,  47. 

Tabeetha  Mission,  Jaffa,  173. 

Tahiti,  72. 

Tanganyika  Lake,  19. 

Tanta,  79. 

Tasmanian  Miss.  Soc,  144. 

Tea  culture,  156. 

Telegraph  and  cable  rates,  232. 

Tibet,  47,  62,  219. 

Togoland,  35. 

Tokelau  Islands,  72. 

Tonga  Islands'  72. 

Tong-king,  51. 

Torres  Straits,  149. 

Training  Schools  for  Missionaries 
223. 

Tranquebar,  142. 


248 


Index 


Transvaal,  34,  80. 

Tripoli.  36. 

Tunis,  36,  79. 

Turkey,  63;    cities  in,  78. 

Tuamotu  Islands,  72. 

Uganda,  36,  126. 

Ujntali.  33. 

Unanga,  25. 

Union  for  the  Propagation  of  the 
Gospel  in  Egypt,  157,  196. 

Unitarian  Association,  137. 

United  Brethren  in  Christ,  Foreign 
Miss.  Society  of,  28,  190,  120; 
Women's  Societies,  170;  Home 
Miss.  Society,  120. 

United  Evangelical  Home  and 
Foreign  Missions,  190,  121;  Wom- 
en's Society,  170. 

United  Free  Church  of  Scotland, 
14,  15,  25,  31  32,  64  J34,  192; 
Women's  Society,  173. 

United  Methodist  Free  Churches, 
28,  137,  192. 

United  Presbyterian  Church  of 
North  America,  17,  35,  121,  190; 
Women's  Society,  170. 

United  Society  for  Christian  En- 
deavor, 184. 

United  States  Foreign  Postage 
Rates,  231. 

Universities  Mission  to  Central 
Africa,  14,  15,  25,  138,  192. 

Uruguay,  43. 

Utrecht  Miss.  Soc,  66,  68,  158,  196. 

Valparaiso,  80. 

Value  of  Foreign  Coins  in  American 
Money,  233,  234. 

Venezuela,  43. 

Verapoli,  54. 

Versions  of  the  Bible,  230-. 

Victorian  Baptist  Foreign  Mission- 
ary Society,  143,  192. 


War  between  Japan  and  Russia, 
57,  134. 

Warneck,  Prof.,  213,  214. 

Welsh  Calvinistic  Methodist  For- 
eign Missions,  138,  192. 

Wesleyan  Methodist  Connexion  of 
America,  28,  121. 

Wesleyan  Methodist  Missionary 
Society,  16,  19,  25,  28,  31,  35,  38, 
40,  44,  46,  138,  192;  Women's 
Society,  173. 

Western  Australian  Missionary  So- 
ciety, 143. 

Women's  Committees  for  the 
United  Study  of  Missions,  187. 

Woman's  Union  Missionary  So- 
ciety of  America  for  Heathen 
Lands,  19,  171,  190. 

Workingmen,  Mission  to,  116. 

Wrongs  by  white  men,  34. 

Yakoba,  79. 

Yale  Foreign  Miss.  Soc,  121. 

Yanaon,  51. 

Yao  tribes,  14. 

Yorubaland,  22. 

Younghusband,  Col.,  62. 

Young  Men's  Christian  Associa- 
tion, 184. 

Young  Men's  For.  Miss.  Soc.,  139. 

Young  People's  Missionary  Move- 
ment, 184. 

Young  Women's  Christian  Associa- 
tion, 185. 

Yun-nan,  47. 

Zambesi  Industrial  Mission,  14,  139. 

Zambesi  River,  33. 

Zanzibar,  15,  79. 

Zenana  Bible  and  Medical  Mission, 
174,  192. 


I      By  ARTHUR  T.  PIERSON,  D.D.     1 


FIR8X   SBRIHS 

Intensely  interesting  marvels  and  tales  of 
heroism  upon  the  world-wide  mission  field 


Tbe  Miracles  of  Missions  j 

i 

CONTENTS :  J 

The  Apostles  of  the  Sonth  Seal  The  Syrian  Martyr  3 

Among  the  Wynds  of  Glasgow  The  land  of  tl  5  White  Elephant   J 

The  Wild  Men  of  Barmah  Mission  to  the  Blind  of  China 

The  land  of  Queen  Esther  The  Home  of  the  Inquisition 

The  light  of  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope     Wonderful  Sto7  of  Madagascar 

Tbe  Converts  and  Martyrs  of  Uganda  i 

"It  is  a  record  of  marvelous  achierements,  and  In  a  2 
world  of  heroism  by  the  side  of  which  the  Napoleonic  ^ 
valor  p&leB.''— Christian  Z,eader,  Boeton. 

*'In  reading  it  one  is  intenpely  interested  and  perfectly 
un&zed.''— Christian  Nation,  New  York. 

"This  book  tells  some  of  the  sifms— the  miracles— 
■wrought  by  the  Almighty,  testifying  His  presence  in  the 
labors  of  consecrated  men  and  women  of  the  Mission 
fields."— iferoW  of  Gospel  Liberty. 

"  It  has  the  merit  of  pnngency  and  brevity.  ...  Of 
much  interest  and  usefulness."— T/ie  Independent. 
New  York. 

"It  sums  up  conveniently  and  even  fascinatingly  the 
achievements  of  modem  missions  in  their  most  telling 
aspects.  It  is  a  book  for  the  preacher's  study,  for  local 
missionary  bands,  and  is  a  ready  argument  to  put  into 
the  hands  of  skeptics."  — T/*e  Apostolic  Guide, 
Louisville. 

"It  shows  clearly  God's  miracles,  working  power  in 
conversions  in  all  lands.  The  book  is  a  glorious  witness 
to  the  divine  power  of  Christianity."— &o«j»cf  i»  .411 
Jjands,  New  York. 


Illustrated,  12mo,  Cloth,  gUt-top, 
$1.00i  I*aper,  35  cents,  post- f roe. 


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44-60  East  23d  Street.  New  Yerk. 


The  Miracles  of  Missions 

shco:kd  scrihs 

Christianity  proved  by  records  of  marvelous 

achievements. 

CONTENTS: 

Modern  Marvels  in  Formosa  The  Cannibals  of  Fiji 

The  Bishop  of  the  Niger  Moffat  and  Africaner 

The  Story  of  Tahiti  Livingstone's  Body  Guard 

Midnight  and  Day-Dawn  at  Hawaii     The  Mcill  Mission  in  Franc« 
The  Pentecost  in  Hilo  The  Pentecost  of  Banza  Manteke 

Moral  Revolution  at  Sierra  leone        The  Story  of  New  Zealand 
Wonders  Wrought  in  the  West  Indies 

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"It  is  an  instructive  and  impressive  volume." — TTie 
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— Chvistian  Work.,  New  York. 

"  It  is  a  cheerful  recital  of  gospel  conquests,  in  fields 
that  to  human  eyes  were  unpromising."— Jficfoijra?!. 
Christian  Advocate. 

"Dr.  A.  T.  Pierson,  in  his  'Miracles  of  Missions,' 
boldly  asserts  direct  providential  manifestations  in  these 
days,  finding  in  the  history  of  modem  missions  many 
wonderful  occurrences  equal  to  those  of  the  apostolic 
age." — The  World,  New  York. 

"  This  book  takes  us  away  from  the  centers  of  civili-  < 
zation,  of  materialism,  of  skepticism,  of  theoretical  be-  ^1 
ief— but  actual  unbelief— to  the  heathen  world,  to  godly  < 
nen  and  women  sacrificing  all  for  the  service  of  Christ."  i 
-Christian  Standard,  Philadelphia. 


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By  ARTHUR  T.  PIERSON.  D.D. 

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be  read  with  thrilling  interest."— Yivw  Yobk  Obbbbvkf. 

The  Mirdccles 
of  Missions 


THIRD    SERIES 

Stories  of  interesting  marvels  resulting  from 
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world's  mission  fields.  Those  who  are  inter- 
ested in  the  subject  of  missions,  or  in  the 
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fields." 

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come addition  to  the  two  preceding  volumes  of  this 

series." 

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almost  like  chapters  from  the  New  Testament."— Tbx 
Morning  Stab,  Boston. 

The  Miracles 
of  Missions 

FOURTH     SERIES 

"  As  in  the  preceding  volumes  of  the  same  title,  Dr. 
Piereon  has  gathered  here  from  scattered  departments  of 
missionary  and  evangelistic  vi^ork,  illustrations  of  the 
evident  working  of  God  through  human  instruments. 
Such  stories  as  that  of  "Khama  the  Good,"  "The  Trans- 
formation of  Tinnevelly,"  and  "William  Ducan  and  his 
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nestness of  spirit  and  in  charm  and  power  of  treatment. 
...  In  this  volume,  as  in  others  of  the  series,  Dr.  Pier- 
son  has  marshaled  a  convincingarray  of  facts,  of  positive 
and  indisputable  evidence,  in  proof  of  the  divine  work- 
ing in  mission  history,  of  the  answered  prayers  of  faith- 
ful and  believing  souls."— C/irisfian  Work,  N.  Y. 

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"  Packed  with  History,  Crowded  with  Interest.*' 


A  Hundred  Years  of 
Missions 

By    D.    L.    LEONARD,    D.D., 

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AN  inspiring  story  of  the  incidents  and  les- 
sons of  missionary  work  in  every  land 
since  Carey  began  his  labors  100  years  ago  — 
achievements  of  wonder  and  heroism  thought- 
fully and  thoroughly  told.  Arranged  to  meet 
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OF  FASCINATING  INTEREST. 

EVERY  HOME    AND   SUNDAY-SCHOOL  SHOLLD   HAVE  IT. 

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A  NECESSITY  FOR  MISSION  STLDY. 

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ica, all  of  which  are  taking  up  missions  for  study." 
-The  Cincinnati  Times-Star. 

A  STORY  or  FASCINATING  INTEREST. 

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interest."— Christian  Literature,  New  York. 


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and  practical  counsels.  There  is  enough  wisdom  in  it  to 
set  III)  a  whole  ''Millennium.'''''' — Bisliop  J'ohn  H. 
Vincent. 

Practical  Christian 
••  Sociology  •• 

A  Special  Series  of  liectures  before  Princeton 
Theological  Seminary,  by  Rev.  Wilbur  F,  Crafts, 
Ph.  D.  Illustrated  with  Charts,  and  23  Portraits ; 
Introduction  by  Joseph  Cook. 

This  Book  Discusses 

Temperance  The  Sabbath 

Impurity  Divorce 

Immigration  Municipalism 

Law  Enforcement  Woman-Suffrage 

And  All  Other 

Social  Reforms,  Not  Separately,  but  in  their 
Relations  to  Each  Other:  with  Latest  Statistics; 
Making  this  Volume  a  Handy  Compend  of  the 
Whole  Subject  of  Social  Reform. 

Its  Timeliness  and  Ydlnc* 

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ogy in  Chicago  University:  "A  decided  acquisition  to 
our  sociological  literature.  I  have  already  recommended 
it  for  use  in  several  colleges,  to  follow  up  Small  and 
Vincent." 

Frances  E.  Willard,  the  late  Pres.  of  the  W.  C. 
T.  U.:  "It  is  packed  with  just  the  information  that  a 
'  Christian  at  work  '  most  needs  to  know,  and  which  he 
might  search  for  through  a  hundred  volumes  in  vain.  .  .  . 
I  wish  that  it  might  be  studied  in  all  the  local  unions  of 
the  W.  C.  T.  U." 

Carroll  T>.  Wright,  Commissioner  of  Labor, 
Washington,  D.  C. :  "I  consider  it  an  exceedingly  im- 
portant and  valuable  work." 


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"QUESTIONS  OF  INFINITE  IMPORTANCE" 

**  TJiere  are  fifty-two  practical  Bible  questions,  of 
infinite  importance,  considered  in  a  clear,  striking, 
spiritual,  devout  way.  It  appeals  to  the  intellect, 
conscience,  and  heart." 

—  Signs  of  the  Times,  Oakland,  Cal. 

Bible  Questions 

By  REV.  JAMES  M.  CAMPBELL 

Short  and  winning  studies  on  the  great  truths  of 
the  Bible.  These  are  direct  appeals  on  topics  of 
vital  importance  to  life  and  duty.  They  are  worded 
in  simple,  clear  English  enlivened  with  apt  illustra- 
tions whenever  necessary.  They  go  straight  to  the 
kernel  of  the  subjects  and  present  valuable  and  de- 
lightful helps  and  suggestions  to  preachers,  prayer- 
meeting  leaders,  and  all  other  active  church  workers 

"Mr.  Campbell  writCB  for  those  who  are  seeking  bread; 
he  offers  thein  bread,  not  a  stone.  His  windows  are  open 
toward  the  heavenly  Jerusalem  ;  neither  is  he  afraid  or 
ashamed  to  tnm  his  eyes  to  earth  at  times.  The  problems 
of  modern  civilization  arise,  and  meet  here  an  honest  answer, 
a  hopefnl  answer,  and  a  practical  answer.  There  is  a  whole 
volume  of  political  economy,  compressed  into  the  five  page 
answer  to  the  question, '  Who  is  My  Meighbor  ? '  There  is  a 
treatise  on  psychology  summed  upln  his  answer  to  the  ques- 
tion, '  What  is  Man?' '''— International  Magazine. 

"  They  are  well  adapted  for  use  in  the  household,  and  may 
be  used  to  enlarge  and  enrich  the  exercises  of  the  home. 
Every  question  is  pertinent  and  opportune,  and  the  literature 
is  bracing  and  upbuilding."— ^roofc/yn.  Daily  Eagle. 

"  The  book  will  be  of  value  to  young  people  in  following 
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mind." — Springfield  Republican. 

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1 


GREATEST    CHURCH    PROBLEM 
BOLDLY   DISCUSSED 

It  is  estimated  that  there  are  at  least  ten 
million  men  in  the  United  States  who  are 
in  no  way  connected  with  any  church.  Of 
the  attendants  in  most  places  of  worship,  it 
is  estimated  that  nine-tenths  are  women. 
In  New  York  City  not  more  than  three  per 
cent,  of  the  male  population  are  members  of 
Protestant  churches.  The  evils  and  causes 
which  are  responsible  for  this,  undoubtedly 
the  most  important  problem  of  the  church, 
are  very  frankly  and  boldly  discussed,  from 
the  standpoint  of  the  church,  the  man,  and 
society,  in  the  new  book,  just  published. 

Why  flen  Do  Not  Go 
To  Church    ""Vr"" 

Is  a  Most  Helpful  and  Suggestive  Book 
for  Preachers,  Sociological  Students,  and 
Religious  Workers 

SPIRITED.  SUGGESTIVE,  READABLE 

"  There  is  a  spirited,  readable,  snggestive  work  by  one 
of  the  most  popular  preachers  in  Greater  New  York."— 
Christian  Herald.  Detroit,  Mich. 

MANY  VERY  IMPORTANT  SUGGESTIONS 

"This  book  contains  many  very  important  sugges- 
tions."—Alabama  Baptist,  Montgomery,  Ala. 

EARNEST  STUDY  OF  AN  IMPORTANT  SUBJECT 

*'  The  author  has  made  an  earnest  study  of  this  im- 
portant subject,  and  he  treats  it  with  courage  and  direct- 
ness."—Ltttneraa  Observer,  Philadelphia. 

STRIKING  IN  STYLE 

"  This  little  book  is  earnest  in  tone  and  striking  in 
style." — Presbyterian  Banner,  New  York. 

16mo,  Clotb.     Price,  60  cents, 
PUNK  &  WAQNALLS   COMPANY.   Publishers. 

44-60  East  ajd  Street.  New  York.  J 


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